1. Ashry Gad Mohamed Prof. of Epidemiology
Terms in Epidemiology
Ashry Gad Mohamed
Prof. of Epidemiology

2. What is Epidemiology? Study of distribution and determinants of
health- related events
and application of this study to control health problems.

3. Epidemic: The occurrence of more cases of disease than expected
In a given
area
or among
a specific group of people
over a particular time.

4. Endemic: Constant presence of a disease or infectious agent
within a given
geographical area or
population group

5. Pandemic: An epidemic occurring over a very wide area
(several countries or contents)
and usually affecting a large proportion of the population

6. well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Health:
A state of complete
physical,
mental,
social
and environmental
well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

7. entry and development or multiplication of an
Infection:
The
entry and development or multiplication of an
infectious agents
in the
body
of person or animal

8. Contagious Agent or disease that is capable of being transmitted
from one person to anther by contact or close proximity.

9. under normal conditions from
Zoonosis
An infectious disease
that is
transmissible
under normal conditions from
animal to human.

10. Communicable disease An illness due to a
specific infectious agent or its toxic products
that arises through
transmission
of that agent from reservoir to susceptible host.

11. Period of Communicability
The time
during which an
infectious agent may be transmitted directly or indirectly from infected person to anther person or animal.

12. Nosocomial infection An infection occurring in a
patient in healthcare facility
in whom it was
not present or incubating
at the time of
admission.

13. Reservoir The habitat in which infectious agent normally
lives, grows and multiplies.
It may be human, animal or environment.

14. Carrier A person or animal without apparent disease Who
harbors a specific infectious agent
and is capable of transmitting the agent to others.

15. of symptoms or signs of infectious disease.
Incubation period
The period from
infection
to the
Onset
of symptoms or signs of infectious disease.

16. Prepatent period The period in people between time of exposure
to parasite and the time when the parasite can be
detected
in blood or stool.

17. Host: A person or other living organism That can be infected
by an infectious agent under normal condition.

18. Chemoprophylaxis
The administration of chemicals, including antibiotics, to prevent the development of an infection or the progression of an infection to active disease or to eliminate the carriage of a specific infectious agent to prevent its transmission to disease.

19. including antibiotics, to
Chemotherapy
The administration of
chemicals,
including antibiotics, to
treat diseases.

20. Morbidity Any departure, subjective or objective
from state of physiological or psychological well being.

21. of disease or other health-related event or condition.
Risk factor:
Factor
Associated
with an
increased occurrence
of disease or other health-related event or condition.

22. Pathogenicity: The proportion of persons infected
after exposure to a causative agent, who then
develops clinical disease.

23. Virulence Degree of pathogenicity
of a microorganism as indicated by the severity of the disease
produced and its ability to invade the tissues of a host; the competence of any infectious agent to produce pathologic effects.

24. Thank you