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Writing Effective Special Individualized Programming Plans (SIPP’s)
Contra Costa County Probation 7/21/17
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Agenda Introduction SIPP Philosophy/Conceptual Underpinnings
SIPP Training Packet SIPP: Line-by-Line SIPP Creation and Implementation Separation/CCP Database Conceptual Underpinnings: Theory and research behind understanding and addressing behavior (e.g. negative behavior is meeting a need inappropriately, and it has been successful in the past)
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Introduction Behavior Management System (BMS) for long-term change CCP
CBT SB 1143 BIP to SIPP Evidence Based Coordinated Plan to address “At Risk” behavior
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Our Philosophy CCP is framework to focus on behavioral change
Applied in our unique environment This is a unique environment We have the structure that can allow us to help eliminate barriers, triggers stressors (often not possible in the community). This is a unique opportunity to positively impact youths’ behavior patterns. An opportunity to do good work!
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Our Beliefs BELIEF: Our BELIEF, THINKING, VALUES…
1.) a feeling of certainty about something 2.) an acceptance that a statement is true or that something exists Our BELIEF, THINKING, VALUES… Our ACTIONS/DECISIONS… Our FEELINGS/CONSEQUENCES. Out beliefs have: ability install hope, inspiration, motivation or it has the ability to degrade, undermine, create hopelessness.
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What are some common beliefs or thoughts about the youth we serve?
Our Thinking What are some common beliefs or thoughts about the youth we serve? If you “think this is a hopeless cause”, your actions will reinforce that belief. (Self-fulfilling prophesy).
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Thinking & Behavior BEHAVIOR EXPERIENCES VALUES EMOTIONS THOUGHTS
IMAGE of what you see Know yourself (contaminate) And Be a student of the youth! THOUGHTS BELIEFS NEEDS
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What Youth May Be Thinking
What do many of our residents actions reveal to us about their beliefs or thoughts? Long term effect occurs when we address the beliefs and thoughts, not by just addressing the behavior. ( remember slide on external controls and long term impact)
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How do we change their beliefs & thinking?
Changing Thinking How do we change their beliefs & thinking? Change their frame of references, experiences, information, and imagination! -The more references/experiences we have the stronger our beliefs, the stronger the conviction about the belief.. -Experiences are unrefrutable (if a person has been treated poorly in past that they expect). -Need NEW information and experiences that will provide a new reference to make it real. -Attack COG. distortions with anti-social references (Deliver positive messages/Be inspiring things to change references) -great power in saying, “You are going to be someone! I see it in you!” -Youth are often hoping and waiting for encouragement from a leader/mentor/ teacher. -That is why some attach to street family -They are not bad people just lost people-just working within their frame of reference Power of words! Spoke to a kid for minutes, attacking his beliefs… He is now in college. (Dr. Manny Scott) (Scott in 15 minutes). He looked at me saw me and encouraged me. He did not allow me to be invisible. A complete stranger had openness and acceptance about him that inspired me to go back to school after dropping out. Zulu greeting-I see you and relay information about your life (greetings can take days) If you are not here for the right reason, you can hurt youth more than you can help them.
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Changing Thinking Dr. Manny Scott (freedom writers who later earned PHD from Berkley) Was homeless, abusive parents, was in custody, (16 different homes in high school) One person talking to him on the bench Erin Gruwell teacher at woodrow wilson HS in longbeach that challenged his thinking and believed in his potential ) True belief!!!!!!!! Listen to their stories… be students of your students… Manny Scott
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Changing Thinking “Believe when they don’t. They will begin to believe your beliefs until they develop beliefs of their own.” “On your worst day you can be their best hope.” When kids trust you, that is when the kids can internalize new beliefs Indirect or direct information (is all received and impacts) -That is why modeling is so important Emotions ties to responses to new experiences (history) (bias)
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Changing Thinking “This is not their last chance, this is the beginning of the opportunity to get it right!” “Where they are at is all that they know…They do not know unless we show them.” (Hope, education, positive life-style) “Circumstances of life get in the way of their potential. provide them the tools to navigate through their circumstances to reach their potential.” -We are here to expose/give them to tools to navigate/succeed in the future -Think of some the kids that you have worked with in the past and their issues (I only remember the names of the most needy) (last Quote) undesirable circumstances/ great need!!!/need tools because not prepared - they have to do it themselves, but need supports to do so
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Conceptual Underpinnings
Behavior meets a NEED. We are motivated by desire to avoid pain or gain pleasure. Avoid PAIN that anti-social behavior causes and align PLEASURE to positive change See :CTS function chart This will be a key concept for developing our SIPP. We need to be able to identify the NEED that is being met through the use of the behavior.
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Conceptual Underpinnings
“Behavior exist within the context of the environment.” Kids at the Ranch vs. Juvenile Hall. Kids act out more violently at the hall vs. the ranch. (Jacob Burton Example). Youth do better on one unit compared to another. One Shift to another. One staff to another. (Upshaw example, meds, time of day, activity (structure/unstructured)) Why does a kid does a kid blow out of class during one block or with one particular teacher and not with others? (What are the triggers in that environment?) Factors within the environment that need to be identified that make the behavior more or less likely to occur With these factors we can have proactive Impact vs. being reactionary Ask questions like: Why does doe this kid have more conflict during meal time? Is it trauma around hunger and they get extra defensive. OR- Why during visiting do kids act out?
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External and internal factors effect the ability of youth to perform to the best of their ability, to focus on their goals, to control their emotions.
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Conceptual Underpinnings
Now I know my ABC’s… A= Antecedents/Trigger B= Behavior C= Consequences So when a kid acts out and gets a laugh from the other residence, the attention (or consequence) reinforces the behavior. A- what happens right before behavior (internal and external triggers) B- incident/unwanted C- the outcome (So when a kid acts out and gets a laugh from the other residence, the attention (or consequence) reinforces the behavior. ) (lower # of triggers and reinforce positive behaviors) =(to extinguish negative behavior and support positive/prosocial behavior)
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Control the “Controllables”
The best way to change behavior… … is to manipulate controllable variables… …We foster the environment for change. We are all Agents of Change! World’s Best JIO!
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BREAK
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Our Goal The purpose of individualized programming is to address the thinking and needs of the youth that drive aggressive and/or unsafe behavior. The goal is to REDUCE unsafe behaviors that warrant the use of Room Separation & INCREASE safety through the use of prosocial behaviors conducive to full group integration. SIPP Purpose- address thinking and needs that are leading to undesired behavior Goal- reduce unsafe behaviors and increase safety so youth can participate in programming
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Our Policy It is our policy to provide Special Individualized Programming (SIPP) for youth who: persistently engage in behavior that poses safety risks. have had 3 or more periods of Separation within 30 days have not been amenable for release within 4 hours of Room Separation.
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Our Policy Timelines Initial-SIPP and safety plan Starts the process
Must be completed within 24 hours Full SIPP In depth behavioral plan Must be completed within 7 days Minutes(1080 minutes) time we have for a SIPP 604,800 seconds)
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Initial-SIPP (tandem process)
The purpose of the Initial-SIPP is manage risk through Safety Plan creation Identify behavior to be targeted and begin information gathering process for SIPP creation. Safety plan
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Safety Plan/Level of Group Integration:
Plan for safe reintegration. Meals In-classroom school attendance (Educational services shall be provided in-person, daily) Treatment class attendance Shower time Recreation and exercise Other Example: “Minor has issues self-regulating during meals, which has led to fights. He will temporarily eat in his room while he works on anger control. His trigger appears to be food.” This will likely connect to Lines 3 and 4 (environmental factors).
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SIPP Team Composition The SIPP team: Unit supervisor
Assigned JIO case worker Mental Health staff Other assigned staff as needed
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SIPP Development Information gathered from multiple sources to complete a SIPP that: -- Manages safety -- Modify targeted behaviors -- Responsive to individual needs Multi-Disciplinary approach
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Our goal: To reintegrate youth to full group activities as soon as safely possible. SIPP is reviewed daily by JIO staff and weekly by unit Supervisor. Effective, Dynamic, Responsive, Living plan to target behavior!
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SIPP Components See SIPP Manual Check One: SIPP template/Database
Initial Plan Full Plan Updated SIPP template/Database Participants) Pull out hard copy of the SIPP and SIPP manual ( will be referencing each line of the SIPP) Also, can follow along on computer app.
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SIPP Components Description of Incident/Behavior Resulting in SIPP:
Define the problem behavior in clear observable terms so you can measure progress and determine why this is a problem for the resident or his/her peers. See Help Button This is really important because it is going to determine plan (talk about our experience with this)
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SIPP Components Information Gathering : Disabilities/Barriers:
List Disabilities or Diagnoses Include description in observable terms ADA List, IEP’s, Dispo Examples: “Resident acts impulsively and has difficulty sustaining attention for more than 15 minutes. ADHD diagnosis.” OYAS results? “Resident has difficulty regulating emotions, especially in social situation. Anxiety diagnosis ” “Resident has difficulty with auditory short term memory. He learns better when information presented visually.” Assessment results and other barriers: OYAS, JAIS, CTS, YOQ-sr Side effects of medication Lots of good information in dispos and detention hearings 35 of 110 kids on ADA list/ nearly all of are major behavior problems
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SIPP Components SIPP feedback form correspond with SIPP sections
(same questions for all parties) Staff Input: Mandatory for SIPP input. Probation School Mental Health Parents/Guardian Resident Initial SIPP- Input from as many parties as possible. Full SIPP: Input MUST be provided by ALL required parties.
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SIPP Components Staff Input: Information will be gathered through the SIPP feedback form JIO staff will coordinate the collection of this information from all parties Pull up input form and demonstrate use Need update list for school and mental health staff
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SIPP Components Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) (Optional)
MDT notes for specific youth located in Separation/CCP Database Indicate: Need to Refer to Multidisciplinary Team or No Need for referral at this time. MDT notes in the SIPP database
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Break One step at a time Making so much progress
Don’t have all the answers, but we are figuring it out
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Step 1: Defining the Behavior
Line 1: What does the behavior look like? Line 2: Baseline Data How often? How long? How intense? SIPP Reference guide 3-5 Have the SIPP document up so they can see the lines (drop downs/ link to info. tap) Show them how smart doc. Works Have them follow on hard copies
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“What does the behavior look like?”
Line 1: The Behavior Focus on ONE behavior (that resulted in the SIPP) Other behaviors can be addressed later in the plan (Line 7 disabilities or barriers) Choose a category (“defiance” or “escalating aggression pattern”) AND give examples including some detail Use observable & measurable terms “What does the behavior look like?” Focus on ONE behavior
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Line 1: The Behavior Poor Example: Good Example:
Jeremiah is stubborn, defiant, and insists on doing his own thing.” Good Example: Compliance Issues: Jeremiah does not immediately follow directives. He argues with staff and cusses them out/ relying heavily on put downs. When the group is engaged in assigned activities, Jeremiah will walk away, refuse to engage, and/or enter restricted areas.
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Line 2: Baseline Data Frequency: How often the behavior occurs
Every 10 seconds 2 times per year Intensity: A description of the heightened impact of behavior (e.g. the depth, the force, the strength, the vigor) in terms of LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH, EXTREME Yells loud enough to be disrupt unit activities- Med Yells loud enough to STOP unit activities- High Duration: How long the behavior lasts Continuous for 30 minutes (SIPP Reference Guide pg. 5) Baseline Data allows us to determine if the behavior has changed. Measure effectiveness.
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Activity Read Case Study: Mario Take out “Mario”
Score Line 1 – Problem Behavior as adequate or inadequate and why? Discuss Show drop down on the smart doc. Pull our Mario case (add Color)/ vol. to read Take our scoring rubric (add Color) Explain scoring rubric for line A Take our mario inadequate SIPP (add color) Read line 1 of Mario SIPP and note as Adequate or inadequate Why? Show Mario Adequate Behavior Support Plans
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Mario Adequate A: Line 1-Problem Behavior Line 1: Escalating Aggression Pattern/Fighting: Mario orchestrated and participated in a gang fight in the classroom. Mario and three other Norteno gang members attacked two other Sureno gang members . Mario repeatedly stomped and punched opposing gang members requiring medical attention. The minor stopped immediately when direct by staff
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Environmental Factors
A SIPP will not be effective unless it addresses the environmental factors which are contributing to the problem behavior. Line 3 & 4 Adjustments in the environment can make the PROBLEM Behavior LESS likely to occur
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Line 3: Environmental Predictors
Physical Setting Social Setting Instruction, Intervention, & Activities Scheduling Factors Degree of Independence Degree of Participation Social Interaction Degree of Choice REFERENCE LINE 3 HELP BUTTON ON SIPP FORM FOR DESCRIPTIONS! There are ALWAYS Predictors Immediate Immediate past Opportunity Lack of something (like attention?) Too much of something (like noise or work)
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Line 3: Environmental Predictors
Poor Example (does not relate to context) Lack of sleep Dysfunctional home life Needs more medication Good Example (directly relates to context) 1.) Instruction, Intervention, Activities: a.) When activities are of low interest or when the resident perceives the activity is challenging. b.) When only one activity is available “ Be Sensitive”
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Mario Adequate B: Line 3-Predictors of Behavior Social Setting: 1.) When Rival gang members are present and minor feels pressure to become violent. 2.) Attack more likely when the minor has tactical advantage or identifies and opportunity to engage in the behavior. In group settings (e.g. meals, classroom, group free time)
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Line 4: Environmental Changes
Time Space Materials Interactions (Teflon responses) Reference Line 4 on SIPP Do the teflon responses Look at sheet with responses/handout (Color) Do this fun exercise Have some people share if they want to
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Line 4: Environmental Changes:
Poor Example: Send the resident to the couches for rough housing (Consequence vs Prevention) Good Example: Interaction Change: Review rules with minor prior to his/her involvement in the activity that could trigger behavior (e.g. playing basketball) Another example: if play becomes rough, prompt resident to take five minute break //resident will loose activity if behavior continues
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Line 4: Environmental Changes
Specify the environmental, instructional, or interaction changes necessary to remove the resident’s need to use the problem behavior. These changes must be logically related to and consistent with the triggers/predictors. SIPP Reference guide pg. 8 WE can control the environment
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Mario: Line 4 Links to 3- Environmental Changes
Line 3 Social Setting: 1.) When Rival gang members are present and minor feels pressure to become violent. 2.) Attack is more likely when the minor has tactical advantage or identifies an opportunity to engage in the behavior. Most likely in group settings (e.g. meals, classroom, group free time) Line 4 Space Change: 1.) Minor not to be in the vicinity or communicate with gang involved youth. Limit to areas and activities with no other gang affiliated youth 2.) Limit minor to closely supervised areas on unit
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Break
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Line 5: Function (Purpose)
All problem behavior serves a purpose (function) for the youth who uses it. This behavior has worked in the past, or is working currently to achieve an outcome desired by the youth.
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Functional Assessment
Consider communicative intent of behavior Match to the predictors of behavior Look at what happens after the behavior occurs to get a clue to the function “Outcomes” sustains the behavior… “Got what wanted with inappropriate beh.” Behavioral bursts Coke machine theory: What happens if you put $ in a coke machine and the coke doesn’t come out? You shake it.. Pushing buttons rapidly… your behavior escalates… If the child expects to get removed from class when problem behavior occurs, If behavior is not reinforced… it escalates! In behavioral terms “extinguishing burst” Behavior Support Plans
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Some Functions of Behavior
To Get: Choice Attention in the form of: Social status in group Interaction w/ peers Interaction w/ adults Objects Internal events Brain chemical release Regulate Emotions Preferred Activities Self-Stimulation Play, fun Justice or Fairness Sensory Input To Avoid/Protest/Reject: Task/Activity/Demand Specific person or group Undesired Objects Internal States: Changes Embarrassment Lack of Meaning/Relevance Protest past action of a person Protest lack of choice Protest lack of fairness/justice Sensory In-Put Discomfort Go over to get and avoid Behavior Support Plans
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Contaminators DO NOT use: revenge, vengeance, or power because a FERB will be developed to get that function met in a socially acceptable way, e.g., vengeance in another way is not acceptable. Reframing Examples: -To protest past actions of peers (use instead of “vengeance or revenge”) -To gain sustained peer attention and positive comments (use instead of “power”) Retaliation, humiliation Important to frame purpose of frame appropriately
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Line 5: Behavioral Function
Poor Example: The function of Jeremiah’s behavior is to gain vengeance against staff who he perceives as evil and unfair. Good Example: The function of Jeremiah’s behavior is to protest the requests of staff that he perceives as unfair.
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Mario Adequate Line 5- Function Gain status in the gang and solidify perceived identity as a gang member (Gain social status amongst peers) FERB- have them write that on their Adequate example
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Line 6: Functionally Equivalent Replacement Behaviors (FERB)
FERB must address/meet the function/need of the problem behavior. Think of this as a negotiated settlement: The youth still gets or rejects something You get to have this happen in an acceptable manner Win-Win – at least for now Remember coke machine example: We do what we need to do to get what we want! In behavioral terms “extinguishing burst” of old behavior until FERB feels just as good as The problem behavior.
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Another Example: Line 6 LINKS to 5
Line 5- Function Mario: Gain status in the gang and solidify perceived identity as a gang member Line 6- FERB Mario: Positive interaction with non-gang affiliated youth to gain status and expand self-perception of identity Grace: Mirlany Noyola example example 5. Escalating aggression pattern: Mirlany attempts to gain peer attention and positive comments when fighting. Mirlany also attempts to protest past actions of peers whom she feels threatened or disrespected by. 6. A. Escalating aggression pattern A1. Use protest language taught in pro-social skills classes. A2. Request a time away or break. A3. Gain sustained positive peer attention from an alternative group for prosocial behavior.
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Line 5- Function Gain social status amongst peers.
Mario: Line 6 LINKS to 5 Line 5- Function Gain social status amongst peers. Line 6- FERB Mario will utilize Prosocial Skills Describe: Through positive interaction with non-gang affiliated youth Show on SIPP FORM Link 6 back to 5
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Line 6: Functionally Equivalent Replacement Behaviors (FERB)
A FERB does not need to completely solve the behavioral problem. It can be a step in bringing the youth closer to the norm. A FERB might not meet your ultimate expectation for the youth’s behavior (progress) A FERB is not simply the absence of an inappropriate behavior. More than one function, more than one FERB Show MAP! “Reward PROGRESS not PERFECTION”
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Minor will “say okay” and comply
Ultimate Goal FUNCTION Protest Demands DESIRED OUTCOME Minor will comply with staff directives PROBLEM BEHAVIOR When given a directive Minor Threatens Staff FERB Goal Minor will comply with staff directives, then write down his protest in the form of a grievance.
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Does the youth already demonstrate a FERB?
If he has one REINFORCE IT!!!! If he doesn’t have one, TEACH IT !!!!! Andi- use of nurses office… rather than tantrum ask for pass to go outside 1st… Then if need break to nurses office following 1st attempt Sam- Drawing Behavior Support Plans
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Break WORD!!!
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Line 7: Teaching Strategies
Can’t Do vs. Won’t Do Be specific about teaching steps, how behavior will be taught, staff involved, and time periods. Give at least one detail, or set of procedures SIPP Reference Guide pg
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Teaching the FERB Replacement behavior needs to be taught like any other skill Replacement behavior can be taught by any staff member assigned Waiting for the replacement behavior to occur naturally and then reinforcing it is good/sometimes occurs, but teaching the skill guides the process Students Need… To be taught the skills set To practice feedback Behavior Support Plans
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Line 7: Intervention Strategies
Modeling Role Play Direct Instruction & Feedback CCP Strategies & Tools Treatment classes Counseling or Therapy Generalization Support Teachable Moments Needs to be taught by team “Look! I made this card for you to use if you need a break!” –Role play Imbedded in curriculum: Practice Sharing markers while making a map of the school. Counseling & Speech: Not the only way to teach! Don’t leave it up to somebody outside of the Classroom… skills often do not generalize easily. “Appreciative Inquiry” Ask student what they did well or right today– appreciate effort then build upon it. Behavior Support Plans
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Line 7: Teaching the FERB
Poor Example: Jeremiah going to receive counseling and Eric from mental health is going to teach him how to behave and not argue. Good Example: 7a: Teach Jeremiah to respectfully disagree. 7b: Teach using Skillstreaming Skill Card “Making a Complaint” and Role Play 2 times per week with JIO.
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Mario: Line 7 LINKS to 6- Teaching Strategies
Line 6- FERBS Positive interaction with non-gang affiliated youth to gain status and expand self-perception of identity. Line 7- Teaching Strategies 7a) 1.) Teach prosocial skills to deal with people that he does not like or is in conflict with. 7b) 1.) These skills will be taught in ART, T4C, and through role playing volatile situations and appropriate interactions with non-affiliated peers with assigned counselors. 2.) Help minor identify vocational/long term goals, identify personal strengths, and decision making skills in order to help develop positive self-identity that is prosocial and not gang affiliated. 2.) Have student complete Cost/Benefit Analysis Chart. Debrief with minor. Review as needed, remind minor of goals.
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Line 8: Positive Behavior Supports
Reinforcer must: Be specifically stated Include requirements to obtain Also consider: Evidence of Effectiveness Frequency Immediacy Reference SIPP Form What is the #1 reinforcer for kids K-12? Pizza Allow youth to imitate teacher and perform warm-up activity. Allow youth to be line leader or trash monitor with a name badge. Behavior Support Plans
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Line 8- Positive Behavior Supports
Mario Adequate Line 8- Positive Behavior Supports 1.) Staff to provide feedback, verbal reinforcement, and be transfer coach for newly acquired skills. 2.) Allow minor to return to eating with group after 2 two days of no gang related activities and use of replacement behaviors (see line 9) 3.) Youth may return to school and become eligible for school points after 3 days of no gang related activities and use of replacement behaviors (see line 9) 4.) Following one week of no gang related activities and use of replacement behaviors (see line 9) youth will be given a choice of activities deemed appropriate by staff (e.g. going to gym, play field, phone call). Tied to safety plan Issue with these behavior supports is that they are short term- What happens if minor progress past these goals? Modified SIPP- changes to help support behavioral change and generalize desired behavior
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Line 9: Sanctions Define sanctions for targeted behavior/structure critical Caution, use of sanctions inappropriately or inconsistently will undermine SIPP progress Use Effective Disapproval and Authority when applying sanctions SIPP Reference Guide pg. 17 Behavior Support Plans
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Mario Adequate H: Line 9 Sanctions
Report gang activity to court and seek gang enhancement for gang violence All behavior will be addressed using sanctioning grid.
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Line 10: Behavioral Goals
At least one goal for the use of the FERB must be included General goals to increase appropriate behavior or decrease inappropriate behavior SIPP Reference guide pg.18 Develop goals that are defined can be reported out on/measured
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Mario Adequate Line 10 Goals 1.) Stop attacking/assaultive behavior by using effective conflict resolution skills. 2.) Use prosocial skills to develop relationships/connections with non-gang affiliated peers. (linked to FERB) 3.) Minor will not engage in threatening or intimidating behavior.
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Line 11 Conclusion General Summary of SIPP effectiveness
FERB effectiveness (successful/modified?) What new skills were developed and used successfully? To make sure we can measure progress. Entries Separation database/ will begin to push this process
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Daily Review in case notes
Our goal is to be responsive to the resident's needs and to reintegrate the minor to full group activities as soon as safely possible. SIPP should be dynamic and a living document, changing in response the minor’s needs and supports to meet defined behavioral goals.
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Date SIPP ended The date the SIPP is ended and youth functions in group activities without supports
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Amending SIPP’s What to do when a SIPP does not work?
See page 20 of SIPP Reference Guide
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Break
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Group SIPP Development
Read Kyle Case Study Find A Partner Develop Full SIPP Use information in Case Study given or other reasonable information from knowledge and experience of similar real life cases. Be creative & have fun!
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Separation Data Entry All must be placed in the Database
Data is used for Monitor Reports Unit Separation Sheet (all units) Treatment units direct entry/GY for detention units
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