1. REFLECTION
THE BOUNCING OF LIGHT

2. REFLECTION
THE BOUNCING OF LIGHT FROM SURFACES THAT ARE FLAT, CURVED, OR ROUGH.

3. NORMAL
THE ANGLE A BEAM OF LIGHT MAKES WHEN IT STRIKES A SURFACE IS DESCRIBED WITH RESPECT TO THE NORMAL.
THE NORMAL IS AN IMAGINARY LINE DRAWN PERPENDICULAR TO THE SURFACE.

4. θ1 = θ2 WHERE IS THE NORMAL? DIAGRAM NORMAL
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE ° ° ANGLE OF REFLECTION
θ1 = θ2

5. THE LAW OF REFLECTION
THE ANGLE OF INCIDENCE IS EXACTLY EQUAL TO THE ANGLE OF REFLECTION.
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE = ANGLE OF REFLECTION

6. CURVED SURFACES TWO TYPES OF SPHERICAL MIRRORS: CONVERGING (CONCAVE)
DIVERGING (CONVEX)

7. OBJECT DISTANCE THE DISTANCE FROM THE MIRROR TO THE OBJECT.
THIS VALUE IS ALWAYS POSITIVE.

8. IMAGE DISTANCE THE DISTANCE FROM THE MIRROR TO THE IMAGE.
TWO TYPES OF IMAGES
REAL
VIRTUAL

9. REAL IMAGE
A REAL IMAGE IS INVERTED AND ABLE TO BE PROJECTED ONTO A SCREEN

10. VIRTUAL IMAGE
AN IMAGE THAT IS RIGHT SIDE UP AND NOT ABLE TO BE PROJECTED ON A SCREEN.

11. FOCAL POINT
THE POINT WHERE PARALLEL RAYS MEET OR APPEAR TO MEET AFTER REFLECTING FROM A MIRROR.

12. FOCAL LENGTH
THE DISTANCE FORM THE FOCAL POINT TO THE MIRROR IS THE FOCAL LENGTH
IT IS A POSITIVE VALUE FOR A CONVERGING MIRROR
IT IS A NEGATIVE VALUE FOR A DIVERGING MIRROR

13. 1/f = 1/do + 1/di MIRROR EQUATION ______1____ = _____1___ + ____1__
______1____ = _____1___ + ____1__
FOCAL LENGTH OBJECT DISTANCE IMAGE DISTANCE
1/f = 1/do + 1/di

14. RAY DIAGRAMS
MANY SITUATIONS INVOLVING MIRRORS CAN ALSO BE SOLVED USING RAY DIAGRAMS.
A RAY DIAGRAM SHOWS THE PATHS OF THE LIGHT RAYS AS IT HITS AN OBJECT.

15. CONVERGING MIRROR (CONCAVE)
SCENERIO A
IF AN OBJECT IS MORE THAN ONE FOCAL LENGTH AWAY FROM THE MIRROR:
THE IMAGE IS REAL,
INVERTED
IN FRONT OF THE MIRROR
CAN BE PROJECTED ON A PIECE OF PAPER.

16. SCENERIO A DIAGRAM
CONVERGING

17. SCENERIO B IF THE OBJECT IS AT THE FOCAL POINT
NO IMAGE IS FORMED BECAUSE THE REFLECTED RAYS ARE PARALLEL

18. SCENERIO B
CONVERGING

19. SCENERIO C
IF AN OBJECT IS LOCATED LESS THAN ONE FOCAL LENGTH FROM A CONVERGING MIRROR:
THE IMAGE IS VIRTUAL
UPRIGHT
ENLARGED
BEHIND THE MIRROR
OBJECT DISTANCE IS POSITIVE
IMAGAE DISTANCE IS NEGATIVE

20. SCENERIO C
CONVERGING

21. DIVERGING (CONVEX) MIRROR
THE IMAGE FORMED BY A DIVERGING MIRROR IS ALWAYS
VIRTUAL
UPRIGHT
SMALLER
BEHIND THE MIRROR
OBJECT DISTANCE IS POSITVIE
IMAGE DISTANCE IS NEGATIVE

22. DIVERGING MIRROR
CONVEX