2. IES Recommendations Explicit vocabulary instruction
Direct, explicit comprehension strategy instruction
Discussion of text meaning & interpretation
Increase student motivation & engagement in literacy learning
Qualified specialists for intensive, individualized interventions

4. COI Recommendations
Explicit instruction and practice to use comprehension strategies
Increase the amount and quality of open, sustained discussion of content
Set high standards for text, conversation, questions, and vocabulary
Increase students’ motivation and engagement with reading
Teach essential content knowledge and critical concepts

5. Identify Challenges and Solutions
Reading in the Disciplines: The Challenges of Adolescent Literacy
Response to Intervention: The Future for Secondary Schools Part I & II
Meeting the Needs of Significantly Struggling Learners in HS: A Look at Approaches to Tiered Intervention
Reading Next: A Vision for Action and Research in MS and HS Literacy
The Secondary Literacy Instruction and Intervention Guide

6. Brief Look - Textbooks/Reading
History
Mathematics
Science

7. History/Social Studies
Social Study textbooks often
Do not use relational words between clauses, sentences and paragraphs that would make explicit the logical relationships among ideas.
Students must infer unstated relationships
Not sufficient detail to understand of concept.

8. Example of better text

9. Social Studies Needs They will continue to struggle until
Prior knowledge is fostered
Attention to vocabulary
Comprehension monitors and processes (this would be graphing as an intervention)

10. Implications - Brief
Reason about/for political issues (understanding/feelings about - adolescents -
Primary sources of information used to construct representations of events and issues were from movies

11. Math - Text - Expectations
Understand and apply word problems
Understand and apply graphic illustrations
Ability to understand how book is structured and thus to use
To use the text to become independent learners in respect to mathematics
Comprehend and apply data

12. Math - Text - Expectations
Need to offer information within real world context
Need explicit and repeated instruction on specific language and form of mathematics is

13. Science Science reports and their complexity
Science texts requires math literacy (tables, charts)
Vocabulary and syntax
Categories and taxonomies represent conceptual relationships

14. Science Biology

15. The Fifteen Elements of Effective Adolescent Literacy Programs
The Recommendations
The Fifteen Elements of Effective Adolescent Literacy Programs

16. Fifteen Elements Direct, explicit comprehension
Effective instructional principles embedded in content
Motivation and self-directed learning
Text-based collaborative learning
Strategic tutoring
Diverse texts

17. Fifteen Elements Intensive writing A technology component
Ongoing formative assessment
Extended time for literacy
Professional development that is both long term and ongoing
Ongoing summative assessment of student progress