1. Subpart E – Exit Route, Emergency Action Plans, and Fire Prevention Plans
Table of Contents for Subpart E
Coverage and Definitions
Exit Route compliance
Emergency Action Plans procedures
Fire Protection Plans procedures
Appendix to Subpart E (Guidelines for Subpart E)
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2. 1910.34 Coverage and Definitions
Table of Content
Coverage and Definitions
Every employer is covered
Exit routes are covered
Definitions
Compliance with NFPA ,
Life Safety Code
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3. Table of Content Cont.
Design and construction requirements for exit routes
Basic requirements
The number of exit routes must be adequate
Exit discharge
An exit door must be unlocked
A side-hinged exit door must be used
The capacity of an exit route must be adequate
An exit route must meet minimum height and width requirements
An outdoor exit route is permitted
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4. Table of Content Cont.
Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes
The danger to employees must be minimized
Lighting and marking must be adequate and appropriate
The fire retardant properties of paints or solutions must be maintained
Exit routes must be maintain during construction, repairs, or alterations
An employee alarm system must be operable
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5. 1910.38 Emergency action plans
Table of Content Cont.
Emergency action plans
Application
Written and oral emergency action plans
Minimum elements of an emergency action plans
Employee alarm system
Training
Review of emergency action plan
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6. Table of Content Cont. 1910.39 Fire prevention plans Application
Written and oral fire prevention plans
Minimum elements of a fire prevention plans
Employee information
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7. Coverage and Definitions
.34(a) Every employer is covered – Sections [applies to workplaces in the general industry except mobile workplaces such as vehicles or vessels].
.34(b) Exit routes are covered – covers the minimum requirements for exit routes that employers must provide…safe evacuation, emergency action and fire prevention plans for their employees.
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8. Coverage and Definitions
.34(c) Definitions:
Electroluminescent - a light-emitting capacitor (alternating current excites phosphor atoms when placed between electrical conductive surfaces which produces light) contained inside a device.
Exit - protected way of travel or a two-hour fire resistance-rated enclosed stairway that leads from the fifth floor of an office building to the outside of the building.
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9. Coverage and Definitions
Exit access - a portion of an exit route that leads to an exit or a corridor on the fifth floor of an office building that leads to a two-hour fire resistance-rated enclosed stairway.
Exit discharge - the part the exit route that leads directly outside or to a street, walkway, refuge area, public way or a two-hour fire resistance-rated enclosed stairway that discharges to a place of safety outside the building.
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10. Coverage and Definitions Cont.
Exit route -a continuous and unobstructed path of exit travel from any point within a workplace to a place of safety or an exit route that consists of three parts: exit access; exit discharge and exit, and/or all vertical and horizontal areas along the route.
High hazard area - a workplace in which operations has high hazard materials, processes, or contents.
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11. Coverage and Definitions Cont.
Occupant load - total number of persons that may occupy a workplace or portion of a workplace at any one time. Occupant load of a workplace is calculated by dividing the gross floor area of an workplace by the occupant load factor for a particular type of workplace occupancy (See NFPA , Life Safety Code).
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12. Coverage and Definitions Cont.
Refuge area means either:
space along an exit route that is protected or a separate spaces within a building that have at least a one-hour fire resistance rated barrier.
a floor with at least two spaces separated by smoke-resistant and automatic sprinkler systems that complies with
Self-luminous -a light source that is illuminated by a self-contained power source. Batteries are not acceptable self-contained power sources.
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13. Compliance w/ NFPA 101-2000, Life Safety Code
An employer who demonstrates compliance with the exit route provisions of NFPA , the Life Safety Code, will be deemed to be in compliance with the corresponding requirements in Section .34 (Coverage/Definitions), .35(NFPA Life Safety Code), .37(Maintenance, safeguards, and operation features for exit routes).
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14. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
Eat at Joe’s
Place
No ropes, or ladders
.36(a)(1) Design and Construction requirement:
Exit routes must be permanent.
.36(a)(2) An exit must be separated by fire resistant materials. …construction material must use separate an exit from other workplace areas and must provide a one hour fire resistance exit route if the exit connects three or fewer stories… two hour, if more than four or more stories.
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15. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
Openings into an exit must be limited.
Opening into an exit must be protected by a self-closing fire door that remain closed or automatically closes in an emergency upon the sounding of an employee alarm system.
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16. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(b)(1) The
number of exit routes must adequate…at least two exit to permit prompt evacuation.
number of exit must be located far as far away as practical, if one exit route is blocked by smoke or fire.
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17. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(b)(2) more than two exit routes is needed, if the number of employees, the size of the building, its occupancy, or the arrangement of workplace is such that all employees would not be able to evacuate safely during an emergency
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18. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(b)(3) A single exit route is permitted, if all employees are able to evacuate safely during an emergency
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19. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
Fabricating shop
Offices and storage
Exit access
Exit
Discharge
.36(c)(1) Exit discharge must lead directly outside or to a street, walkway, refuge area, public way.
.36(c)(2) …street, walkway, refuge area, public way to which an exit discharge must be large enough to accommodate the building occupants likely to use the exit route.
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20. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
Chemical Stock Room or
Not An Exit
.36(c)(3) Exit stairs that continue beyond the level on which the exit discharge is located must be interrupted at the level by doors…or other effective means that clearly indicate the direction of travel leading to the exit discharge.
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21. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(d)(1) Exit door must be unlocked. Employees must be able to open an exit route door from the inside w/o a key or by simply by using a panic bar.
.36(d)(2) Exit route must be free of any device or alarm that could restrict emergency use.
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22. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(d)(3) Exit route doors may be locked from the inside only in mental, penal, or correctional facilities and only if supervisory personnel are continuously on duty and the employer has a plan to remove occupants from the facility during an emergency.
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23. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(e)(1) Side-hinged door must be used. A side-hinged must be used to connect any room to an exit route.
.36(e)(2) Door that connects any room to an exit route must swing out in the direction of travel, if the room is designed to be occupied by more than 50 people.
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24. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(f)(1) The capacity of an exit route must be adequate.. Exit routes must support the maximum permitted occupant load for each floor served.
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25. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(f)(2) The capacity of an exit route may not decrease in the direction of exit route travel to the exit discharge
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26. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(g) Exit route must meet minimum height and width requirements.
..36(g)(2) An exit access must be at least 28 inches wide at all points.
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27. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(g)(1) The ceiling of an exit route must be at least seven feet six inches(2.3m) high…w/o any projections from the ceiling must not reach a point less than six feet eight inches from the floor.
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28. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
Occupant load:
use and
square footage or equivalent
each floor
Exit stair accommodates ½ occupant load
.36(g)(3) The width of an exit route must be sufficient to accommodate the maximum permitted occupant load of each floor served by the exit route.
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29. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(g)(4) Objects that project into the exit route must not reduce the width of the exit route to less that the minimum width requirements for exit routes.
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30. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(h) Outdoor exit route is permitted, if it meets the following requirements:
Minimum height and width
.36(h)(1) have guardrails to protect unenclosed sides if a fall hazard exit.
.36(h)(2) if snow or ice accumulations can be removed, which creates slipping hazards.
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31. Design and Construction requirements for exit routes
.36(h) Outdoor exit route is permitted, if it meets the following requirement
.36(h)(3) must be reasonably straight and have smooth, solid, substantially level walkways.
.36(h)(4) must not have a dead-end that’s longer than 20 feet (6.2m).
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32. Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes
Danger to employees must be minimized
.37(a)(1) Exit routes must be kept free of explosive or highly flammable furnishing or other decorations.
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33. Danger to employees must be minimized
- .37(a)(2) Exit routes must be arranged so that employees will not have to travel toward a high hazard area, unless the path of travel is effectively shielded from the high hazard area.
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34. Danger to employees must be minimized
.37(a)(3) Exit routes must be free and unobstructed. No materials or equipment may be placed, either permanently or temporarily, within the exit route
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35. Danger to employees must be minimized
.37(a)(3) Cont.
…exit access must not go through a room that can be locked such as a bathroom, to reach an exit or exit discharge, nor may it lead into a dead-end corridor.
…stair or ramps must be provided where the exit route is not substantially level.
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36. Danger to employees must be minimized
.37(a)(4) Safeguards designed to protect employees during an emergency (e.g. sprinkler systems, alarm systems, fire doors, exit lighting) must be in proper working order at all times.
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37. Lighting and marking be adequate and appropriate
.37(b)(1) Lighting and marking must be adequate and appropriate
.37(b)(2) Each exit must be clearly visible and marked by a sign reading “Exit”.
.37(b)(3) Each exit route door must be free of decorations or signs that obscure the visibility of the exit route door.
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38. Lighting and marking be adequate and appropriate
.37(b)(4) if the direction of travel to the exit or exit discharge is not immediately apparent, signs must be posted along the exit access indicating the direction of travel to the nearest exit discharge.
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39. Lighting and marking be adequate and appropriate
.37(b)(5) Each doorway or passage along an exit access that could be mistaken for an exit must be marked “Not an Exit”.
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40. Lighting and marking be adequate and appropriate
.37(b)(6) Each exit sign must be illuminated to a surface value of at least five-foot candles(54 lux) by a reliable light source and be distinctive in color.
.37(b)(7) Each exit sign must have the word “Exit” in plainly legible letters not less than six inches high.
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41. Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes
.37(c) Fire retardant properties of paints or solutions must be maintained.
Must be renewed as often as necessary to maintain their fire retardant properties.
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42. .37(d)(1) Exit routes must be maintained during construction, repairs.
Exit routes must be maintained during construction, repairs or alteration
.37(d)(1) Exit routes must be maintained during construction, repairs.
.37(d)(2) Employees must not occupy a workplace unless the exit routes are available and existing fire protections are maintained and provides an equivalent level of safety. .
stairway
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43. Exit routes must be maintained during construction, repairs or alteration
.37(d)(3) Employees must not be exposed to hazards of flammable or explosive substances that are beyond the normal permissible conditions in the workplace.
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44. Employee alarm system must be operable
.37(e) An employee alarm system must be operable
Employers must install a distinctive signal to warn employees of fire or other emergencies, unless employees can promptly see or smell a fire or other hazards in time.
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45. Emergency action plans
.38(a) An employer must have an emergency plan whenever an OSHA standard in this part requires one.
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46. Emergency action plans
.38(b) Written and oral emergency action plans
Must be in writing
Kept in the workplace
Available for employees to review
However, an employer with 10 or fewer employees may communicate the plan orally.
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47. Emergency action plans
.38(c) Minimum elements of an emergency action plan:
Procedures for reporting a fire or other emergency
Procedure for emergency evacuation, exit route assignments
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48. Emergency action plans
.38(c) Minimum elements of an emergency action plan:
Procedure for employees who remain to operated critical plant operations before evacuating
Procedures to account for all employees after evacuation
Procedures for performing rescue or medical duties
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49. Emergency action plans
.38(c)(6) Name or job title of every employee who may be contacted by employees who need more information about the plan or an explanation of their duties under the plan.
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50. Emergency action plans
.38(d) Employee alarm system. Employee alarm system must use a distinctive signal for each purpose and comply with
.38(e) Training- employer must designate and train an employee to assist in a safe and orderly evacuation of other employees.
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51. Review of Emergency action plans
.38(f) An employer must review the emergency action plan with each employee covered by the plan:
.38(f)(1) when the plan is developed; [.38(f)(1)]
when the employee is assigned to a job; [.38(f)(1)]
when employee responsibilities changes; [.38(f)(2)]
when the plan changes [.38(f)(3)]
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52. Fire prevention plan
.39(a) Employer must have a fire prevention plan when an OSHA standard in this part requires one.
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53. .39(b) Written and oral fire prevention plans
must be in writing;
kept in the workplace;
available for employees to review
However, an employer with 10 or fewer employees may communicate the plan orally.
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54. .39(c)(1-3) Minimum elements of a fire prevention plan:
List of all major fire hazards, proper handling and storage procedures for hazardous materials, potential ignition sources, controls, and type of fire protection equipment [.39(c)(1)].
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55. .39(c)(1-3) Minimum elements of a fire prevention plan:
Procedures to control accumulations of flammable and combustible waste materials [.39(c)(2)].
Procedures for regular maintenance of safeguards installed on heat-producing equipment to prevent and control sources of ignitions or fires [.39(c)(3)].
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56. .39(c)(6) Name or job title of every employee who responsible for:
Fire prevention plan
.39(c)(6) Name or job title of every employee who responsible for:
maintaining equipment to prevent or control sources of ignition or fires.
Controlling fuel source hazards
.39(d) An employer must inform employees upon initial assignment of a job of the fire hazards which they are exposed.
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