1. Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed Areas (Component 1)
World Bank Assisted Karnataka Watershed Development Project II (KWDP II) - SUJALA III
Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed Areas
(Component 1)
Situation analysis and Research prioritization for watershed development in Chamarajanagar and Davanagere Districts
University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore

2. PROJECT TEAM OF UAS, BANGALORE
Sl No
Name and designation
Specialization
Contact details 1
Dr. V. R. Ramakrishna Parama,
Professor and Head,
Dept. of Soil Science & Agril. Chemistry
Soil Science
Nodal Officer 2
Dr. H. S. Shivaramu,
Professor, Dept. of Agronomy
Agronomy and Watershed Management
Member 3
Dr. H G. Ashoka, Agricultural Engineer (Res.), Division of Agril. Engineering
Soil and water conservation, Hydrogeology 4
Dr. T. Chikkaramappa,
Associate Professor,
Dept. of Soil Science & Agril Chemistry 5
Dr. A. Sathish,
Associate Professor (Soil Sci. & Agril. Chem.),
AICRP for Dryland Agriculture
Soil Science, Remote Sensing and GIS 6
Dr. M. R. Girish,
Assistant Professor(Sr. Scale),
Dept. of Agril. Marketing, Co-operation & Business Management
Agricultural Economics and Marketing

3. Project objectives
Characterization of Natural Resource base of Micro-watersheds in Chamarajanagar and Davanagere Districts
Hydrological Assessment for basic parameters
Maintenance of data through Portal as Digital Library enabling Decision Support System.
Facilitate Community based Micro-watershed, Land and Ground Water Management Plan.
Intensive Hydrological Monitoring for Ground Water Management in Davanagere District.

4. DAVANGERE CHAMRAJNAGAR District Taluk No, of MWS
Project Area Proposed for treatment (ha)
Phase I -Batch 3 IWMP Projects( )
Chamrajnagar 4 50
Davanagere 54
Total 8
104
Phase II - Batch 4 IWMP Projects( ) 2 23 3 29 5 52
Grand Total
156
70,692.88
CHAMRAJNAGAR

5. CHAMARAJANAGAR General Information Climate and Rainfall
The district falls in southern dry agro-climatic zone
Major crops - ragi, jowar, paddy, maize, tur, groundnut, sunflower, sugarcane, cotton and tobacco, mango, banana and mulberry
Net sown area - 19,1838 ha – 34 % geographical area of the district. Irrigation facility is available in 35% of the Net sown area which constitutes 12% of the district area.
Climate and Rainfall
The average annual rainfall of the district is 737mm
Physiography and soils
Physiographically the district may be classified as partly maiden, general table land with plain and undulating and mountainous region.
Red soil is present in upland areas and at the contact of granites and schist, responds well for irrigation, manuring and other management practices.
Black soils occur along depressions where regular irrigation practices are in practice.
Majority of soils are neutral to alkaline, low in organic carbon, low/medium/high in N,P and K, low in sulphur and low to medium in micronutrients

6. DAVANAGERE General Information Climate and Rainfall
The district has 3 ACZ, Northern dry zone (III), Central dry zone (IV) and Southern transition zone (VII)
The total geographical area is 5,97,597 ha out of which 64 % is area sown (3.84 lakh ha)
Main crops - paddy, maize, ragi , sugarcane, chilly, onion and cotton.
Climate and Rainfall
Davanagere district receives average annual rainfall of mm
Physiography and soils
The landscape of Davanagere district mainly consists of vast stretches of plains.
The southern part of the district covering Channagiri and Honnali taluks are under malnad area and Davanagere and Harihar taluks are covered by low hills and meandering streams.
The district has mainly2 types of soils, viz., black and red soil with shallow to medium depth.
Soils are neutral in pH, low to medium in OC, low/medium/high in N,P&K, low to medium in S and micronutrients

7. Work to be carried out in the Project
A. Land Resource maps high resolution satellite data :
Land Capability map
Rock fragments map
Soil depth map
Soil erosion map
Water holding capacity and Available water
Surface soil and subsoil texture map
Soil reaction map
Soil organic carbon and Soil fertility status map
B. Meteorological map: Digital Elevation Model using cartosat data
C. Intensive Hydrological Monitoring for Ground Water Management in Davanagere District.
D. Vegetation map
E. Livestock map:
Socio economic survey
F. Preparation of conservation and Land Use Plan

8. Integrated approach for watershed development
Socio-economic development
Small farm mechanization
Maintaining soil health
and OM
Hydrology and hydrogeology
Integrated approach for watershed development
Use of RS/GIS/GPS
Soil and water conservation measures
Live fences
Mulching
Percolation pits
Bunds across slopes
Other conservation structures
Agri-Horti-Forestry Approach
Microclimate
Tree biodiversity
Microbial diversity
Reduce surface runoff
Reduce soil erosion
Reduce evaporation losses
Improve soil fertility
Animal Husbandry

9. Major research potential of watershed programmes
Validation of 1 ha IFS model for watersheds
Use of Remote Sensing, GPS and GIS in watershed programmes for resource characterization, management and impact assessment
Detailed soil mapping for balanced nutrient application
Capacity building with respect to soil health management among stake holders
Foliar nutrition for drought proofing
Small farm mechanization
Development of improved monitoring system for surface and ground water on watershed basis by using advanced monitoring tools.
To assess efficiency of different conservation structures in watershed and to develop simple techniques to assess watershed hydrology.
Develop community based sustainable ground water management system.

10. Success stories of UAS(B) on watershed programmes
During Established the AICRPDA, On station surface hydrological monitoring studies were made in small plots of < 1 ha.
Rajanukunte micro-watershed project ( ): Development of various production systems and resource management practices for sustainable dryland development
Mittemari watershed (1984): Drought proofing through in-situ moisture conservation, crop management, afforestation, dryland horticulture, water harvesting, use of agriculture implements involving farmers participation.
Kabbalanala watershed (1984): UAS through its ORP provided technical support in collaboration with line departments in implementing soil and moisture conservation, crops and cropping systems, alternate land use systems, drainage line treatment and runoff harvesting through people’s participation.
Kalyana Kere and Mavathur Kere ( ): An integrated approach from ridge to valley was implemented based on the resources and constraints. University involved in conducting on-farm research and validation, verification and demonstration of developed technologies besides training documentation.
During USDA aided project on “Integrated project for Soil Conservation and Watershed Development” operated at AICRPDA, GKVK for 5 years – studies carried out on run off, soil erosion, water harvesting, farm pond and seepage control techniques.
Kyasapura watershed ( ): Adoption of new cropping systems for increasing agriculture productivity.
During AICRPDA, GKVK under took construction of hydrological gauging structure in the micro watersheds of Kolar, Tumkur and Chitradurga district (WDD- Sujala I)
During to till date UAS, GKVK has under taken the project on “Establishment of Silt Monitoring and Hydrological Study Stations in Model Watershed under IWMP” in 14 districts - Studying the impact of large scale watershed treatments on runoff and soil loss.

11. Awards and recognitions to UAS(B) in Watershed Research
National Productivity Award: UAS(B) obtained National Productivity Award for Kabbalanala model watershed ( ), Mittemari model watershed ( ) and Kalyana Kere and Mavathur Kere ( )
Sujala I: UAS(B) was the main partner in capacity building programme for various stake holders
Adjudged as “Centre of Excellence” by the ICAR during 2004 and considered for infrastructure development support.
“Shri Choudhary Devilal outstanding AICRP Award” for the year by ICAR, New Delhi
“A” grade for AICRPDA Bengaluru Centre

12. Thank you…

13. Soil loss in Red and Black soils of Karnataka
Red soil
Black soil
Annual soil loss (t/ha) 10
60-80
Run-off (%) 30
40-50
WHC (%) 6 15
Infiltration rate (mm/hr) 25
12.5
District
Rainfall
Chitradurga
574mm (lowest)
Davanagere mm
Chamarajanagar
770mm
Udupi
mm (highest)
Value of rain water
770 mm of rainfall = 77 cm of water = 0.77 mm of water
1 ha = 100mX100mX0.77m = 770 cubic meters [1 cubic meter = 1000 liters]
770 cubic meters = 7,70,000 liter of water = Rs 7.7 crores / ha