1. Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds
The Periodic Table
Binary Compounds
Ternary Compounds
Salts
Bases

2. Table 1 examples of Compounds with Names Ending in ide
Symbol
Element
Stem
Binary Name Endings B
Boron
Bor-
Boride Br
Bromine
Brom-
Bromide Cl
Chlorine
Chlor-
Chloride F
Fluorine
Fluor-
Fluoride H
Hydrogen
Hydr-
Hydride I
Iodine
Iod-
Iodide N
Nitrogen
Nitr-
Nitride O
Oxygen
Ox-
Oxide P
Phosphor
Phosph-
Phosphide S
sulfur
Sulf- or sulfur-
Sulfide

3. Table 2 shows the more examples of compounds with the names ending in ide
Formula
Name
MgBr2
Magnesium bromide
Na2O
Sodium oxide
AlCl3
Aluminum chloride
PbS
Lead (II) sulfide
LiI
Lithium iodide
NH4F
Ammonium fluoride
Ca(OH)2
Calcium hydroxide
KCN
Potassium cyanide

4. Table 3 Names of Selected Binary Acids
Formula
Acid Name HF
Hydrofluoric acid
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
HBr
Hydrobromic acid HI
Hydriodic acid
H2S
Hydrosulfuric acid
H2Se
Hydroselenic acid

5. Table 4. Names and Formulas of Selected Ternary Compounds
K2CO3
Potassium carbonate
Al2(SO4)3
Aluminum sulfate
KClO3
Potassium chlorate
AlPO4
Aluminum phosphate
FeSO4
Iron (II) sulfate or ferrous sulfate
Fe2(SO4)3
Iron (III) sulfate or ferric sulfate
PbCrO4
Lead (II) chromate
H2SO4
Hydrogen sulfate
HNO3
Hydrogen nitrate
NaNO2
Sodium nitrite

6. Table 5. Names and Formulas of Selected Ternary oxyacids
H2SO3
Sulfurous acid
HClO4
Perchloric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric acid
HNO2
Nitrous acid
H3PO2
Hypophosphorous acid
HNO3
Nitric acid
H3PO3
Phosphorous acid
HBrO3
Bromic acid
H3PO4
Phosphoric acid
HIO3
Iodic acid
HClO
Hypochlorous acid
H3BO3
Boric acid
HClO2
Chlorous acid
H2C2O4
Oxalic acid
HClO3
Chloric acid
H2CO3
Carbonic acid

7. Table 6. Comparison of Acid and Salt Names in Ternary oxy-compounds
Name of Salt
HNO3
KNO3
Potassium nitrate
Nitric acid
HgNO3
Hg(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)2
Al(NO3)3
Mercury(I) nitrate or mercurous nitrate
Mercury(II) nitrate or mercuric nitrate
Iron(II) nitrate or ferrous nitrate
Aluminum nitrate
HNO2
Nitrous acid
KNO2
Co(NO2)2
Mg(NO2)2
Potassium nitrite
Cobalt(II) nitrite or cobaltous nitrite
Magnesium nitrite
HClO
HClO2
HClO3
HClO4
NaClO
NaClO2
NaClO3
NaClO4
Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium chlorite
Sodium chlorate
Sodium perchlorate
H2CO3
Carbonic acid
Na2CO3
NaHCO3
Sodium carbonate
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
or sodium bicarbonate

8. Table 7. Names of Selected Salts Containing more than One Positive Ion
Acid
Salt
Name of salt
H2SO4
KHSO4
Potassium hydrogen sulfate or potassium bisulfate
H2SO3
Ca(HSO3)2
Calcium hydrogen sulfite or calcium bisulfite
H2S
NH4HS
Ammonium hydrogen sulfide or ammonium bisulfide
H3PO4
MgNH4PO4
Magnesium ammonium phosphate
NaH2PO4
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Na2HPO4
Disodium hydrogen phosphate
Na3PO4
trisodium phosphate

9. KOH potassium hydroxide
NH4OH ammonium hydroxide
NaOH sodium hydroxide

10. Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Alkanes
Alkyl Substituents
Alkenes and Alkynes
Aromatic Compounds
Alcohols and Ethers
Carboxylic Acids
Diacids

11. 8. Sulfonic acids
9. Acid Anhydride
10. Acid Halides
11. Aldehydes
12. Amides
13. Esters and salts of carboxylic acids
14. Ketones
15. Organometallics and Metal Alkoxides
16. The prefixes
17. Summary

12. Tables 1. Names of Continuous-Chain Alkanes
Molecular formula
Name
CH4
Methane
C9H20
Nonane
C2H6
Ethane
C10H22
Decane
C3H8
Propane
C11H24
Undecane
C4H10
Butane
C12H26
Dodecane
C5H12
Pentane
C13H28
Tridecane
C6H14
Hexane
C14H30
Tetradecane
C7H16
Heptane
C15H32
Pentadecane
C8H18
Octane

13. Tables 1. Names of Continuous-Chain Alkanes
Hexadecane
C24H50
Tetracosane
C17H36
Heptadecane
C25H52
Pentacosane
C18H38
Octadecane
C26H54
Hexacosane
C19H40
Nonadecane
C27H56
Heptacosane
C20H42
Eicosane
C28H58
Octacosane
C21H44
Heneicosane
C29H60
Nonacosane
C22H46
Docosane
C30H62
triacotane
C23H48
Tricosane

14. Table 2. Trivial Names for Some Common Alkyl Groups
Structure
Name
CH3CH2CH2-
n-propyl
(CH3)2CH-
isopropyl
CH3CH2CH2CH2-
n-butyl
(CH3)2CHCH2-
isobutyl
CH3CH2CH(CH3) -
secondary-, or sec-butyl
(CH3)3C-
tertiary-, tert-, or t-butyl
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-
n-pentyl or n-amyl
(CH3)2CHCH2CH2-
Isopentyl or isoamyl
(CH3)3CCH2-
neopentyl
CH3(CH2)4CH2-
n-hexyl-
CH3(CH2)5CH2-
n-heptyl-
CH3(CH2)6CH2-
n-octyl-

15. Table 3. Trivial names for some alkenes and alkynes
Structure
Name
ethene or ethylene
Propene or propylene
1-butene
2-butene
isobutene
acetylene
Propyne ormethyl acetylene
1-butyne
4,5-dimethyl-2-hexyne
allene

16. Table 4. IUPAC Names for Some Unsaturated Groups
Structure
Name
methylene
ethenyl (vinyl)
2-propenyl (allyl)
1-propenyl
isopropylidene
acetylene

17. Table 5. Names for some Arenes and Aryl Groups
Structure
arenes
Name
Benzene
cumene
naphthalene
styrene
Anthracene
mesitylene
Toluene

18. Table 5. Names for some Arenes and Aryl Groups
Structure
aryl groups
Name
p-tolyl
Phenyl
1-naphthyl
Benzyl
cinnamyl

19. tert-butylalcohol benzyl alcohol
(CH3)3COH C6H5CH2OH
tert-butylalcohol benzyl alcohol

20. Table 6. Naming and Classification of Alcohols
Formula
IUPAC name
Common name
Primary
CH3OH
Methanol
Methyl alcohol
CH3CH2OH
Ethanol
Ethyl alcohol
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH
1-pentanol
n-pentyl alcohol
CH3(CH2)6CH2OH
1-octanol
n-octyl alcohol
(CH3)2CHCH2OH
2-methyl-1-propanol
Isobutyl alcohol
Secondary
CH3CH(OH)CH3
2-propanol
Isopropyl alcohol
CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3
2-butanol
Sec-butyl alcohol
Tertiary
(CH3)3COH
2-methyl-2-propanol
t-butyl alcohol

21. Table 7 Names of some monocarboxylic Acids
structure
Name of the acid
HCO2H
Formic acid
CH3CO2H
Acetic acid
CH3CH2CO2H
Propionic acid
CH3(CH2)2CO2H
Butyric acid
CH3(CH2)3CO2H
Valeric acid
CH2=CHCO2H
Acrylic acid
C6H5CO2H
Benzoic acid

22. Table 8. Names of Some Diacids
Structure
Name
HO2CCO2H
Oxalic acid
HO2CCH2CO2H
Malonic acid
HO2C(CH2)2CO2H
Succinic acid
Cis-HO2CCH=CHCO2H
Maleic acid
Trans- HO2CCH=CHCO2H
Fumaric acid
HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H
Tartaric acid

23. Methanesulfonic acid benzenesulfonic acid p-toluenesulfonic acid
CH3SO3H C6H5SO3H p-CH3C6H5SO3H
Methanesulfonic acid benzenesulfonic acid p-toluenesulfonic acid

24. CH3(CH2)4CHO hexanal
CH3CHO Acetaldehyde
C6H5CHO benzaldehyde

25. CH3(CH2)4CO2CH3 Methyl hexanoate
CH3CO2CH2CH ethyl acetate
CH3CH2CO2Na sodium propionate

26. (CH3CH2)3Al C6H5MgBr
triethylaluminum phenylmagnesium bromide

27. Table 9. Some Common Functional Groups Named as Prefixes
Structure
Name
-OR
Alkoxy -I
Iodo
-NH2
amino -F
Fluoro
-N=N-
azo -H
Hydro
-Br
Bromo
-NO2
Nitro
-Cl
Chloro
-NO
nitroso

28. -an- means all single bonds in the carbon chain
1 carbon = meth-
5 carbons = pent-
2 carbons = eth-
6 carbons = hex-
3 carbons = prop-
7 carbons = hept-
4 carbons = but-
8 carbons = oct-
-an- means all single bonds in the carbon chain
-en- means a double bond in the carbon chain
-yn- means a triple bond in the carbon chain

29. -e means only hydrogen is joined to the chain
-ol means an –OH
-amine means an –NH2
-al means a carbonyl group on the end of the chain
-one means a carbonyl group on the chain,
but not at the end
-oic acid means a carboxylic group on the chain