1. Commonly Misused Words

2. Lie and Lay Lie: to rest; to recline; to be in a place
Does not take a direct object (intransitive)
Lay: to put (something) in place
Usually takes a direct object (transitive)
He will lie down for a nap.
Please lay the drinks in the cooler.

3. Lie and Lay Base Present Participle Past Past Participle lie
(is/are) lying
lay
(has/have) lain
(is/are) laying
laid
(has/have) laid

4. Practice Do not (lay, lie) the camping gear here.
Melanie (lay, laid) in the sleeping bag and tried to keep warm.
The campground (lies, lays) in the valley.
We are (lying, laying) the tarp over the food.

5. Sit and Set
Sit: to rest in a seated, upright position; to be in a place
Rarely takes a direct object
Set: to put (something) in a place
Usually takes a direct object
Please sit in your seat.
Please set the canteens over there.

6. Sit and Set Base Present participle Past Past participle sit
(is/are) sitting
sat
(has/have) sat
set
(is/are) setting
(has/have) set

7. Practice We were (sitting, setting) near the campfire.
Charity had (sat, set) the flashlight on the picnic table.
Nick (sat, set) the rocks around the fire.
Grant (sat, set) in the hammock between the oak trees.

8. Rise and Raise Rise: to go up; to get up
Does not take a direct object
Raise: to lift; to cause (something) to rise
Takes a direct object
We woke up when we saw the sun rising.
We raised the poles to set up the tent.

9. Rise and Raise Base Present participle Past Past participle rise
(is/are) rising
rose
(has/have) risen
raise
(is/are) raising
raised
(has/have) raised

10. Practice (Raise, Rise) your hand if you want to roast marshmallows!
Amber jumped when she saw a snake (rise, raise) from the leaves.
We all groaned when Jaylon said we would (raise, rise) at 5:00 for a hike.
(Raise, Rise) yours a little; the marshmallow is burning.

11. Their There They’re Their Possessive form of they There
The performers made their own costumes.
There
Adverb meaning “at that place”
We were there at two o’clock.
They’re
Contraction of they are
They’re going with us to the jazz festival.

12. A Part Apart A part “To belong to something” Apart
I am so glad she is a part of our faculty.
Apart
Adjective meaning “to be separate from something”
The rocks fell 30 feet apart.
preposition when paired with from (meaning besides)
Apart from this cookie, I haven’t eaten anything all day.

13. Lose
Verb that rhymes with shoes
“To suffer loss of”
When did you lose your books?
Loose
Adjective that rhymes with moose
“Free; not close together; not firmly fastened”
The loose chickens roamed the barnyard.

14. Its Possessive form of it It’s Contraction of it is
The dog knocked over its bowl.
It’s
Contraction of it is
It’s due by the end of the week.

15. You’re Contraction of you are Your Possessive form of you
You’re a true friend.
Your
Possessive form of you
Wasn’t that your cue?

16. Passed Past Passed Verb, the past form of pass Went beyond Past
The red car passed me at the finish line.
Past
Noun meaning “time gone by”
To understand the present, you need to study the past.
Adjective meaning “of a former time”
Sometimes past events are more interesting than present ones.
Preposition meaning “beyond”
After you drive past the mall, turn right.

17. To Too Two To Preposition or part of the infinitive form of a verb Too
Are you going to the beach this summer?
Too
Adverb meaning “also” or “more than enough”
He is a senior, too.
It is too late to go now.
Two
Adjective or noun
We only had two dollars.
Two of my favorite fruits are apples and bananas.

18. Who’s Whose Who’s Contraction of who is or who has Whose
Who’s going to the movies this weekend?
Whose
Possessive form of who
Whose book is this?

19. Complete the practice worksheet. You may work with a partner.
“stuff”
Complete the practice worksheet. You may work with a partner.