1. Take out your interactive notebook and set up an In, Out Through on your next two open pages.

2. Why do atoms have a neutral (no) charge?
In Activity
Why do atoms have a neutral (no) charge?

3. Ionic Bonding
Atoms don’t have an electric charge. They are neutral because the number of positive charges (protons) is always equal to the number of negative charges (electrons)

4. IONIC CHEMICAL BONDING
Atoms connect with other atoms to form chemical bonds.

5. Types of Chemical Bonds
There are four types of chemical bonds:
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Metallic Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
We will study ionic and covalent bonding.

6. Ionic Bonding occurs when electron(s) are transferred from one atom to another. (Metals bonding with Nonmetals) Li F
Be sure to draw!

7. Ionic Bonding
When electrons are lost or gained the atom becomes an ion (an atom with a charge).
Negatively charged ions are attracted to positively charged ions like the opposite poles of a magnet.
Li+ F-
Cation
Anion

8. Ionic Bonding with Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) results in NaCl or table salt

9. Ionic Bonding
Here is what happens during the reaction between Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl).
When Sodium loses an electron it has an overall positive charge. This is called a Cation.
When Chlorine gains an electron it has an overall negative charge and is called an Anion

10. Here is another example of Ionic Bonding between Potassium and Fluorine.

11. F K In an IONIC bond, electrons are lost or gained,
resulting in the formation of IONS
in ionic compounds. F K

12. K F

13. K F

14. K F

15. K F

16. K F

17. K F

18. + _ K F

19. K F _ + The compound potassium fluoride
consists of potassium (K+) ions
and fluoride (F-) ions

20. K F _ + The ionic bond is the attraction between the positive K+ ion
and the negative F- ion

21. Out Activity Ionic Bonding
Draw the Electron Dot Diagram for Potassium and Iodine.
Show how these two will bond in an Ionic Bond.
Be sure to use arrows and charge symbols.

22. Ionic Bonding Notes Complete. Stop at this slide.

23. Covalent
Bonds

24. So what are covalent bonds?
Continue using the Cornell notes you started with Ionic Bonding. Make a new title called “Covalent Bonding” in the through section. So
what
are
covalent
bonds?

25. In covalent bonding,
atoms still want to achieve
a noble gas configuration
(the octet rule).

26. But rather than losing or gaining electrons,
In covalent bonding,
atoms still want to achieve
a noble gas configuration
(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gaining
electrons,
atoms now share an electron pair.

27. The shared electron pair is called a bonding pair
In covalent bonding,
atoms still want to achieve
a noble gas configuration
(the octet rule).
But rather than losing or gaining
electrons,
atoms now share an electron pair.
The shared electron pair
is called a bonding pair

28. Chlorine
forms a
covalent
bond
with
itself
Cl2

29. How
will
two
chlorine
atoms
react? Cl Cl

30. Cl Cl Each chlorine atom wants to
gain one electron to achieve an octet

31. Cl Cl do to achieve an octet? What’s the solution – what can they
Neither atom will give up an electron –
chlorine is highly electronegative.
What’s the solution – what can they
do to achieve an octet?

32. Cl Cl

33. Cl Cl

34. Cl Cl

35. Cl Cl

36. Cl Cl
octet

37. Cl Cl octet circle the electrons for each atom that completes
their octets

38. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the
electron pair in the middle
circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

39. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the
electron pair in the middle
circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

40. Cl Cl This is the bonding pair circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

41. Cl Cl It is a single bonding pair circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

42. Cl Cl It is called a SINGLE BOND circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

43. Single bonds are abbreviatedCl Cl
Single bonds are abbreviated
with a dash
circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

44. This is the chlorine molecule,Cl Cl
This is the chlorine molecule,
Cl2
circle the electrons for
each atom that completes
their octets

45. O2
Oxygen is also one of the diatomic molecules

46. O
How will two oxygen atoms bond?

47. O
Each atom has two unpaired electrons

48. O

49. O

50. O

51. O

52. O

53. O

54. O Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.

55. O Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative.
So both atoms want to gain two electrons.

56. O

57. O O

58. O O

59. O O

60. Both electron pairs are shared.

61. O O
6 valence electrons
plus 2 shared electrons
= full octet

62. O O
6 valence electrons
plus 2 shared electrons
= full octet

63. O O
two bonding pairs,
making a double bond

64. O O =
For convenience, the double bond
can be shown as two dashes.

65. This is the oxygen molecule,=
this is so cool!!
This is the oxygen molecule, O2