1. Describe the differences between kinetic and potential energy.
Define energy.
Describe the differences between kinetic and potential energy.
On the roller coaster below, at what points would kinetic energy be increasing?
On the roller coaster below, at what points would potential energy be increasing? G AA AB F D AC E H

3. Energy

4. What is ENERGY? Energy is the ability to do work.
Everything that happens in the world uses energy!
Most of the time we can’t see energy, but it is
everywhere around us!

5. Remember:
ALL matter is made up
of atoms.
Atoms NEVER
stop moving.
Therefore all matter has
energy

6. Energy… is NEVER created or destroyed!
can only be STORED or TRANFERRED.
This is called the Law of Conservation of Energy

7. How is all energy divided?
Potential Energy
Kinetic
Energy

8. Potential Energy is… The energy stored in an object.
"Potential" simply means the energy has the ability to do something useful later on.

9. Examples of Potential Energy:
A stretched rubber band..
Water at the top of a waterfall..
Yo–Yo held in your hand..
A drawn Bow and Arrow…

10. Two types of Potential Energy
Gravitational potential energy:
Comes into play when an object is off the ground. The object “could” fall and so it would have potential energy. The higher the object is off the ground the more energy it has.
Elastic potential energy:
When you stretch a rubber band, you are creating potential energy. The object “could” move forward and so it has potential energy. The more we pull the rubber band back, the more energy it has.

11. Gravitational Potential Energy
Formula: PE = mgh
Potential Energy = mass x gravity x height
Mass must be in kilograms.
Gravity is constant at 9.8m/s2
Height must be in meters.

12. The higher an object, the more potential energy.
The more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has.

13. Which object has more potential energy?

14. ANSWER A This brick has more mass than the feather;
therefore more potential energy!

15. Changing an objects’ height can change its potential energy.
If I want to drop an apple from the top of one of these three things, where will be the most potential energy? A C B

16. ANSWER A
The higher the object, the more potential energy!

17. Gravitational Potential Energy
Formula: PE = mgh= Joules
Potential Energy = mass x gravity x height
Mass must be in kilograms.
Gravity is constant at 9.8m/s2
Height must be in meters.

18. Honors

19. Calculating
PE = mgh
A bowling ball is sitting at the top of a hill that is 20 m high. The bowling ball has a mass of 1.2 kg.
PE= Joules

20. Calculating
PE = mgh
There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 45 m high. The bell weighs 15 kg.
PE = 6615 Joules

21. Calculating
PE = mgh
A cinder block is sitting on a platform 24.2 m high. It weighs 8 kg
PE=

23. Kinetic Energy

24. Potential Energy Converted to Kinetic Energy…
When stored energy begins to move, the object now transfers from potential energy into kinetic energy.

25. Kinetic Energy Is… The energy of a moving object.
"Kinetic" means movement!
When stored energy is being used up, it is making things move or happen.

26. Examples of Kinetic Energy:

27. The faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy is produced.
The greater the mass and speed of an object, the more kinetic energy there will be.

28. When these objects move at the same speed, which will have more kinetic energy?

29. ANSWER
The semi- truck has more mass;
therefore, more kinetic energy!

30. An object has the MOST kinetic energy when it’s movement is the GREATEST.
When an object has the LEAST potential energy, it has the MOST kinetic energy.

31. Kinetic and Potential Energy
Kinetic and potential energy generally work in a seesaw motion. As one increases generally the other decreases.
Kinetic
Potential
Potential
Kinetic
Kinetic and Potential Energy

33. A water bottle is knocked off a desk
A water bottle is knocked off a desk. When does the bottle have the MOST kinetic energy?
A. At the top of the fall. B. In the middle of the fall. C. At the bottom of the fall.

34. C. At the bottom of the fall.
It has the most kinetic energy when its movement and speed are greatest, which is at the bottom of the fall right before it hits the ground.
When an object has the LEAST potential energy is when it has the MOST kinetic energy.
BrainPop

35. Roller Coasters
When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST potential energy?
AT THE VERY TOP!
The HIGHER the train is lifted by the motor, the MORE potential energy is produced.
At the top of the hill the train has a huge amount of potential energy, but it has very little kinetic energy.

36. As the train accelerates down the hill the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
There is very little
potential energy at the bottom of the hill, but there is a great amount of kinetic energy.

37. When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST kinetic energy?
(When is it moving the fastest?)
(When does it have the LEAST potential energy???)
At the bottom of the tallest hill!

38. Kinetic Energy Formula: KE = ½ mv2 = Joules ½ mass x velocity2
Mass in kilograms
Velocity in meters per second squared

39. Honors

40. Calculating Kinetic Energy
KE = ½ mv2
A 26 kg object is moving at a velocity of 10 m/s.
KE= 1,300 Joules

41. Calculating Kinetic Energy
KE = ½ mv2
You serve a volleyball with a mass of 1.8 kg. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 40 m/s.
KE = 1440 Joules

42. Calculating Kinetic Energy
KE = ½ mv2
A car is traveling with a velocity of 30 m/s and has a mass of 1220 kg.
KE = 137,250 Joules

43. Design an Experiment
Does more potential energy create more kinetic energy? How could we prove it and provide evidence?
Gravitational
Elastic

45. Energy

46. Does more PE= more KE? Gravitational Potential Energy:
Tennis Ball
Elastic Potential Energy:
Rubber Band

47. Gravitational Energy How high should we drop the ball from?
How will we measure kinetic energy?
How can we reduce error?
What will our data collection look like?

48. Elastic Potential Energy
How far should we draw the rubber band back?
How will we measure kinetic energy?
How can we reduce error?
What will our data collection look like?

49. Elastic Potential Energy
Draw Distance
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average
20 cm
25 cm
30 cm
35 cm
40 cm

50. Gravitational Potential Energy
Drop Height
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average
1 m
2 m
3 m
4 m
5 m

51. Data Collection

52. Graphing

53. Reflection
Does more potential energy mean there is more kinetic energy? Explain using the data you gathered.
What are some other ways in which we could have tested the same concept?
What were some potential errors that could have occurred during data gathering? Give multiple reasons.
What would you change in the experiment if you were asked to do it again? Must give at least 3 things you would change and why.

54. https://oeta. pbslearningmedia. org/resource/hew06. sci. phys. maf

55. Which has a bigger effect?
Which as a bigger effect on the amount of kinetic energy? Mass or Velocity? Prove it.

56. Notes All energy is divided into two types: potential and kinetic.
Potential Energy: The energy stored in an object.
Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object.
Energy is never created or destroyed. It is always stored or transferred.