1. Life on the Home Front World War I (1914-1918)
Chapter 24, Section 3

2. Do Now: What Do You See? What is the Author Trying to Say?
What Symbolism is Being Used?
What Does it Mean?

3. Essential Questions:
How did the United States raise enough money to fight for the war?
For what purposes was propaganda used during World War I?
Should free speech be limited? Is free speech necessary for a country to be free?
Why was there a huge wave of African American migration to northern cities?

4. How is the U.S. Going to PAY for World War I?
U.S. Government Sold War Bonds!
Low Interest Loans By CITIZENS to the U.S. Government
Think of U.S. Savings Bonds
Baptism/Communion/ Confirmation/Bah(r) Mitzvahs/Weddings

5. Selling War Bonds
U.S. Government Officials Held Liberty Loan Drives to Raise $$$
Propaganda Posters
Hollywood Actors Were Used to Promote the Sale of War Bonds

12. “Victory Gardens” U.S. Citizens Were Asked to Grow Gardens at Home
Less Food Would Be Bought At Stores
Extra Food Could Then Be Shipped to the Soldiers in Europe!

18. U.S. Citizens At Home School Children Rolled Bandages
Collected Tin Cans, Paper, Toothpaste Tubs, Apricot Pits
Women Knitted Socks, Sweaters, Hospital Gowns

19. Rationing Citizens Did NOT Eat Wheat on Mondays & Wednesdays
NO Meat on Tuesdays
NO More Pleasure Drives (Save Gas)
Limited Use of Metals & Steel:
Needed for the War

21. Government Control of the Economy
Government Needed to Make Sure They Had Enough Supplies to Win the War
Government Wanted to Make Sure We Win!
Government Created 3 National Boards!

22. The War Industries Board
Managed the Buying & Distribution of War Materials
Made Sure the Factories Had Materials Needed for War Supplies
Built New Factories
Set Production Goals

30. War Industries Board War Industries Board Also Set Prices of Goods
Because Materials Were Scarce, Prices Would Skyrocket Up!
Supply & Demand
Only the Rich Could Then Buy Goods!

31. National War Labor Board
Settled Conflicts Between Workers (Labor Unions) & Factory Owners
Made Sure There Were NO Strikes During WWI
Can’t Have a Strike During a War!
No Supplies Would be Made!

32. The National War Labor Board

33. Committee on Public Information
Government Agency That Created Propaganda
Propaganda: Opinions Expressed for the Purpose of Influencing People to Take Action!
Posters, Pamphlets, Movies, Songs, Etc…

34. WWI: The War of Posters!

47. Find Your Favorite Piece of Propaganda on Hayes’ Walls!

48. Propaganda Created Prejudice:
U.S. Government Wanted to Create Support for WWI
Propaganda Led to Prejudice Against Central Power Countries!
German Americans Faced it the Worst!

49. What Were The “New” Names?

50. Espionage Act (1917) & Sedition Act (1918)
Made it Illegal to Criticize WWI
Heavy Fines & 10 Years in Jail
Why Do YOU Think the U.S. Made Criticism of the War Illegal?

54. Free Speech?
U.S. Arrested More Than 1,500 Pacifists, Socialists, & Other War Critics
Eugene Debs Was Arrested for Protesting the War! 10 Years in Jail!
What Was the U.S. Afraid Of?

55. Espionage & Sedition Acts
U.S. Government Passed the Alien & Sedition Acts in (7th Grade)
Limited Criticism of the Government!
Why Do YOU Think Many Americans Thought the Alien, Espionage (1917) & Sedition (1918) Acts Were a Violation of Their Rights?

56. Socratic Seminar: Marilyn Manson T-Shirt vs. School Dress Code

57. Debate
Should Governments Have the Right to Silence Its’ Citizens When They Feel Its’ in Their Best Interests?

58. Schenck vs.United States
Mr. Schenck Handed Out Anti-War Pamphlets in Times Square, NY
Arrested for Violation of the Espionage & Sedition Acts!
Sued - Claimed 1st Amendment Was Violated
Argued Espionage & Sedition Acts Took Away Freedom of Speech

59. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes
“The most stringent [strict] protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic… The question in every case is whether the words used… are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about … evils that Congress has a right to prevent.
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Schenck vs. the U.S., 1919

60. Free Speech? Can the KKK Have a Parade Down Columbus Avenue?
Can Eminem Curse on His New Album?
Should Free Speech Be Limited?

61. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes
The Supreme Court Ruled that Free Speech Can Be Limited!
You Do NOT Have a Right to Free Speech if it Creates a, “Clear & Present Danger!”
Arlington National Cemetery – We Will See His Grave!

62. The Great Migration
Labor Shortage in Factories Because Men Were Drafted!
500,000 African Americans Moved into Northern Cities for JOBS!
#1 Reason = Jobs
Also Left South to Escape Bigotry, Poverty, & Racial Violence (Better Life)

64. Mexican Migration to U.S. During WWI
Job Opportunities:
Railroads
Farming in the South West of the U.S.
Revolution in Mexico:
Many Mexicans Escaped to the United States
Some Mexicans Went to Northern Cities:
Factory Jobs

65. New Job Opportunities for Women During WWI
Women Worked in Steel Mills, Ammunition Factories & On Assembly Lines
Served as Streetcar Conductors & Elevator Operators
Jobs During WWI Helped Women Get the 19th Amendment!

68. The Flu Epidemic of 1918
Flu Epidemic of 1918 Killed 20 MILLION People Around the World!
Over 500,000 Americans Died
Schools & Public Places Were Shut Down
How Was the Flu Able to Reach 6 Continents?

78. Essential Questions:
How did the United States raise enough money to fight for the war?
For what purposes was propaganda used during World War I?
Should free speech be limited? Is free speech necessary for a country to be free?
Why was there a huge wave of African American migration to northern cities?

79. Essential Questions: What does it mean to have “free” speech?”
Should “free speech” be limited? Why or Why Not?
Is “free speech” necessary for a country to be free?