1. Geography & The Five Themes
Chapter One

2. GEOGRAPHY
The study of the Earth and the ways people live and work on it.

3. 3 Branches of Geography
Physical - climate, landforms, hazards, disasters, the distribution of plants and animals, etc.
Cultural - also known as human geography, includes language, religion, medicine, cities, entertainment, etc.
Economic – development, industry, how we move ourselves and our goods, how people make a living, etc.

4. LOCATION
Where is it?
How do I get there?

5. LOCATION
Absolute location – position on the globe using latitude and longitude
ex. Anchorage, Alaska 61°N, 150°W
Relative location – location in relation to other areas
ex. Madison Central is located across from Daniel Boone Elementary and next to the Madison County Country Club

6. Richmond’s Location Absolute - 37° N, 84° W
Relative - Richmond is located south of Lexington and north of Berea in the central part of Kentucky

7. PLACE
Every place on Earth has features that distinguish it from all other places.

8. PLACE
What is it like there?

9. PLACE Physical characteristics – landforms, climate, vegetation
Human characteristics – languages, customs, beliefs, government types, economies

10. What is unique about Madison County?

11. What is unique about Kentucky?

12. How are people and places connected?
MOVEMENT
How are people and places connected?

13. MOVEMENT
Places do not exist in isolation
People, goods, and ideas move between places

14. Movement in Madison County
Interstate 75
Many people travel to Lexington to work every day
Mail from Richmond is transported to Lexington to be postmarked

15. HUMAN/ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
How do people relate to the land?
How have people changed the environment?
What are the consequences of those changes?
How do people respond to changes in the environment?

16. HUMAN/ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
We adapt to the environment in many ways. Examples - wearing a coat when it is cold, using terraced farming on a hillside, irrigating a desert region to farm, making snow to ski
Often when humans modify or change the environment the result is negative. (air pollution, water pollution, waste materials)

17. H/E Interaction in Richmond
Martin Bypass – How did that development change the environment?
Recycling
Pollution - Kentucky River
Concrete wastelands
Army Depot
???

18. REGION Geographers create regions to help classify places.
What regions do you live in?

19. REGION Formal regions – places with similar attributes (ex. Corn Belt)
Functional regions – places connected by movements (ex. Larger cities and the smaller cities that surround it – people travel there to meet their needs)

20. Kentucky’s Physical Regions

21. Madison County’s Regions
Formal – Bluegrass
Functional – Lexington and the smaller communities that surround it like Richmond – many people travel to Lexington to work, shop, entertainment, doctor, etc.