1. SHAKESPEARE’S
GOT SWAG!

2. The Elizabethan Era

3. The City of London
In the 17th century, there were more than half a million people in London.
London is divided into two parts by the River Thames (pronounced Tems), the North bank and the South bank.
Back in Elizabethan times, the Thames was a main transportation route in the city and throughout the country.

5. The Thames was filthy. There was no sewage system so everything went into the river.
The river was used to transport commercial goods.
The only way to cross was by boat or on London Bridge.
Prisoners were sometimes tied to the side of the river instead of being placed in jail.
Criminals sentenced to death often had their severed heads showcased on London Bridge.

6. Streets were cobbled, narrow, and slippery because of the waste thrown out of windows.
The city was known for being very loud.
Houses were small and crammed.
Lots of theft occurred.
Still considered one of the prettiest, most modern cities of its’ time.
But life was quite different for the upper classes…

7. So why do we call it the Elizabethan Era?
Because of Queen Elizabeth I!

8. The Queen
Queen Elizabeth I was born in 1533 and died in Her father was King Henry VIII. Elizabeth became queen in 1558 when her sister, Mary died.
When she became queen, Elizabeth had to fix many problems. Catholics and Protestants were fighting in England. Elizabeth supported the Protestants and fixed the problem (kind of).
Elizabeth I was very powerful. She never married, maybe because she did not want to lose any of her power.

9. Under Elizabeth’s reign, Sir Francis Drake defeated the Spanish Armada (the world’s strongest army at the time).

10. Court Life
The Queen owned over 60 palaces and castles. When she traveled, nearly nobles would follow her. This was called “being in court.”
The Queen moved around every few weeks.

11. There were many weird rules for court life, such as the Queen’s head had to be higher than everyone else’s and one could not turn his/her back on the Queen.
Even with all the rules, people had fun in court.
There were daily events in court, such as jousting, plays, hunting, and dances.

12. Religion
Henry VIII (Elizabeth’s father) wanted to divorce his first wife, but the Catholic church would not allow it.
So, he separated from Catholicism and started the Church of England, a Protestant Christian religion.

13. When Henry VIII died, his son Edward VI took over and maintained the Anglican Church.
When Edward VI died, his sister Mary I took the throne. She brought back Catholicism as the main religion.

14. When Mary I died, her sister Elizabeth I became the queen
When Mary I died, her sister Elizabeth I became the queen. Elizabeth brought back the Church of England.
Because of all the changes, the religious situation was very tense.
Elizabeth made it illegal to practice the Catholic faith, but 20 years earlier, almost everyone was Catholic.

15. Education
Only boys went to school. Usually only until 14 years of age.
Wealthy girls were usually only taught reading and arithmetic at home.
Learning Latin was the most important thing.
Spelling was not taught.

16. Careers Around this time, the middle, merchant class began to appear.
People who were not nobles or farmers generally learned a skill.
If your parents wanted you to learn a skill, you would be given away as an apprentice. Boys were apprentices until age 24, girls until age 21.

17. Blacksmithing was a popular career.
The youngest son of a family was supposed to become a priest or religious man of some sort, the eldest inherited the family trade.

18. Exploration
Sir Francis Drake led the first English circumnavigation around the world, from
Drake was pretty much a pirate. He would capture ships from other countries, steal their money and food, and kill their crews.

19. Migration
Because people wanted to make money as merchants, many people moved away from the country into London and other big cities.
This made the cities very overcrowded.
London’s population nearly doubled from 1500 to 1700.

20. Entertainment The Elizabethan people loved art and entertainment.
Artists often had patrons: rich nobles who would pay for their expenses in exchange for artistic works.
So many new works were created, that the era gained the nickname of the English Renaissance (rebirth).
Painting and music were two of the most popular types of art. Poetry was also very highly considered.
BUT……..

21. THEATRE!
Going to the theatre was the most popular pastime of the Elizabethan people. It was cheap (1 penny!) and the poor and nobles would all go.
There was no seating in the middle, and the roof was open.
Nobles paid for more expensive seats on the edges of the theatre.
The Queen had her own booth.

22. The theatres were often shut down because of disease.
Only men could act, so young boys played the role of women.

23. The Globe Theatre Was the most popular theatre in London.
Built by Shakespeare’s acting company, The Lord Chamberlain’s Men in 1599.
Burned down in 1613.

26. Speaking Shakespeare

27. Words to know ADIEU - farewell NOUGHT - nothing ANON - soon
PLAGUE - curse
ATTEND - listen to
PRAY - beg
BUT SOFT - wait a minute, hold on
PRIVY - allowed to know a secret
BUT - only, except for
RESOLVE - plan
COUNSEL - advice
THITHER - there
DISPATCH - kill
THOU ART - you are
DOTH - does
THY - your
FOE - enemy
TIDINGS - news
HAPPY - lucky
WHENCE - where
HEAVY - sad, depressed
WHEREFORE - why
HENCE - away from here
WILT - will, will you
HIE, GO - hurry
WITHAL - in addition
HITHER - here
WOE - misery
MARK - pay attention
WOO - chase, as in a boy or girl chase
MARRY - indeed
WOULD - wish
METHINKS - I think

28. Inverted verb order
Shakespeare often rearranges subjects and verbs (i.e., instead of "He goes" we find "Goes he"); he frequently places the object before the subject and verb (i.e., instead of "I hit him," we might find "Him I hit"), and he puts adverbs and adverbial phrases before the subject and verb (i.e., “I hit fairly” becomes “Fairly I hit”).

29. Original Sentence: I lost my homework.
Look at the following sentence. Rewrite the sentence four times, changing the word order each time. Put one word on each blank provided below the original sentence.
Original Sentence: I lost my homework.
Rewrite #1: _________ _________ _________ _________.
Rewrite #2: _________ _________ _________ _________.
Rewrite #3: _________ _________ _________ _________.
Rewrite #4: _________ _________ _________ _________.
My homework lost I
My homework I lost
Lost my homework I
Lost I my homework

30. Your turn: “For this time, I will leave you.”
“Brought you Caesar home?”
“And fearful, as these strange eruptions are”
Now, create at least 3 original sentences using this kind of syntax (word order).

31. Omissions Which sounds more like the way you normally speak:
a) "Have you been to class yet?" "No, I have not been to class.  I heard that Ms. Raposo is giving a test today." "What is up with that?"
b) "Been to class yet?" "No.  Heard Raposo's givin' a test." "Wassup wi'that?"

32. Shakespeare did the same thing, so his plays sounded more authentic to the audience. This was also done to maintain the meter in his plays.
Examples:
'tis - it is
o'er - over
ne'er - never
e'er - ever
oft - often
e'en - even

33. Shakespeare is known for having invented many words…

34. Nouns: accused, addiction, alligator, amazement, anchovies, assassination, backing, bandit, bedroom, bump, buzzers, courtship, critic, dauntless, dawn, design, dickens, discontent, embrace, employer, engagements, excitements, exposure, eyeball, fixture, futurity, glow, gust, hint, immediacy, investments, kickshaws, leapfrog, luggage, manager, mimic, misgiving, mountaineer, ode, outbreak, pageantry, pedant, perusal, questioning, reinforcement, retirement, roadway, rumination, savagery, scuffles, shudders, switch, tardiness, transcendence, urging, watchdog, wormhole, zany
Verbs: besmirch, bet, blanket, cake, cater, champion, compromise, cow, denote, deracinate, dialogue, dislocate, divest, drug, dwindle, elbow, enmesh, film, forward, gossip, grovel, hobnob, humour, hurry, impedes, jet, jig, label, lapse, lower, misquote, negotiate, numb, pander, partner, petition, puke, rant, reword, secure, submerge, swagger, torture, unclog
Adjectives: aerial, auspicious, baseless, beached, bloodstained, blushing, circumstantial, consanguineous, deafening, disgraceful, domineering, enrapt, epileptic, equivocal, eventful, fashionable, foregone, frugal, generous, gloomy, gnarled, hush, inaudible, invulnerable, jaded, juiced, lackluster, laughable, lonely, lustrous, madcap, majestic, marketable, monumental, nervy, noiseless, obscene, olympian, premeditated, promethean, quarrelsome, radiance, rancorous, reclusive, remorseless, rival, sacrificial, sanctimonious, softhearted, splitting, stealthy, traditional, tranquil, unmitigated, unreal, varied, vaulting, viewless, widowed, worthless, yelping
Adverbs: importantly, instinctively, obsequiously, threateningly, tightly, trippingly, unaware

35. He invented many phrases we still use today…
All that glitters is not gold (The Merchant of Venice)
All's well that ends well (title)
In a better world than this (As You Like It)
Brave new world (The Tempest)
Break the ice (The Taming of the Shrew)
Dead as a doornail (2 Henry VI)
Heart of gold (Henry V)
In a pickle (The Tempest)
Knock knock! Who's there? (Macbeth)
Love is blind (Merchant of Venice)
Own flesh and blood (Hamlet)

36. Shakespeare loved puns
A pun is a clever play on words. Usually uses a word with 2 different meanings or words that sound the same but are spelled differently.
Jokes often use puns:
Q: What kind of knots do you tie in outer space? A: Astronauts. Q: Where do fish keep their money? A: In a river bank.
The butcher backed up into the meat grinder and got a little behind in his work.

37. Examples in Shakespeare:
ROMEO Not I, believe me: you have dancing shoes With nimble soles: I have a soul of lead Romeo speaks to Mercutio: he has a soul of lead (he's sad) so he has soles of lead (heavy feet).
MERCUTIO That dreamers often lie. ROMEO In bed asleep, while they do dream things true. Dreamers lie (are false), and lie (down)
MERCUTIO You are a lover; borrow Cupid's wings, And soar with them above a common bound. ROMEO I am too sore enpierced with his shaft Soar/sore : hurt/fly

38. Shakespeare loved insulting people
A most notable coward, an infinite and endless liar, an hourly promise breaker, the owner of no one good quality. (All’s Well That Ends Well)
Methink'st thou art a general offence and every man should beat thee. (All’s Well That Ends Well)
'Sblood, you starveling, you elf-skin, you dried neat's tongue, you bull's pizzle, you stock-fish! O for breath to utter what is like thee! you tailor's-yard, you sheath, you bowcase; you vile standing-tuck!  (Henry IV)
I had rather chop this hand off at a blow, And with the other fling it at thy face. (Henry VI)

39. Artless base-court apple-john Bawdy bat-fowling baggage beslubbering beef-witted barnacle Bootless beetle-headed bladder churlish boil-brained boar-pig cockered clapper-clawed bugbear clouted clay-brained bum-bailey craven common-kissing canker-blossom Currish crook-pated clack-dish dankish dismal-dreaming clotpole dissembling dizzy-eyed coxcomb droning doghearted codpiece errant dread-bolted death-token fawning earth-vexing dewberry fobbing elf-skinned flap-dragon froward fat-kidneyed flax-wench frothy fen-sucked flirt-gill gleeking flap-mouthed foot-licker Goatish fly-bitten fustilarian gorbellied folly-fallen giglet impertinent fool-born gudgeon infectious full-gorged haggard jarring guts-griping harpy loggerheaded half-faced hedge-pig Lumpish hasty-witted horn-beast
mammering hedge-born hugger-mugger
mangled hell-hated jolthead
mewling idle-headed lewdster
Paunchy ill-breeding lout
pribbling ill-nurtured maggot-pie
puking knotty-pated malt-worm
puny milk-livered mammet
Quailing motley-minded measle
rank onion-eyed minnow
Reeky plume-plucked miscreant
roguish pottle-deep moldwarp
Ruttish pox-marked mumble-news
saucy reeling-ripe nut-hook
spleeny rough-hewn pigeon-egg
spongy rude-growing pignut
surly rump-fed puttock
Tottering shard-borne pumpion
unmuzzled sheep-biting ratsbane
vain spur-galled scut
Venomed swag-bellied skainsmate
villainous tardy-gaited strumpet
warped tickle-brained varlot
wayward toad-spotted vassal
weedy unchin-snouted whey-face
yeasty weather-bitten wagtail