1. Selected results: Gauteng
Seretloane Mabitsela

2. Background
The South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) 2016 is a national sample survey designed to produce information on health and nutrition of the population of South Africa
Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) implemented the survey in collaboration with the National Department of Health (NDoH) and the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)
The SADHS 2016 is the third DHS to be conducted in South Africa
The first SADHS was conducted in 1998 and the second one in 2003

3. Objectives of the survey
To provide information on family planning, maternal and child health, child survival, HIV/AIDS, reproductive health, nutrition, and adult health in South Africa.
Information collected will assist health policy makers to plan and prioritise health programmes for all people living in South Africa

4. Information Collected in SADHS 2016
Demographic indicators
Reproductive health & contraception
HIV prevalence of adults
Under-5 mortality rate, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, maternal mortality ratio, fertility rates
Number of sexual partners, STIs, circumcision, use of contraceptives, unmet family planning
Context for all other programme information
Maternal, new-born & child health programme indicators
Management of NCDs & risk factors
Women’s status
Uncontrolled hypertension, high HBA1c, chronic respiratory disease, overweight and obesity, smoking, alcohol, eating fruit and vegetables, drinking sugar sweetened beverage and intention to change salt intake
Ante-natal care, HIV testing, births in facilities, post natal care, exclusive breast feeding, infant feeding, underweight, stunting, anaemia, diarrhoea and respiratory infection
Women’s role in household decision making, domestic violence

5. Diabetes and HIV testing Blood Pressure Measurement
Types of testing
Anthropometry
Anaemia Testing
Height and weight measurements
recorded for children age 0-59 months and for women and men age 15 and older
Blood specimens for anaemia testing were collected from women and men age 15 and older and from children age 6-59 months
Diabetes and HIV testing
Blood Pressure Measurement
Biomarkers collected finger-prick blood specimens for laboratory Diabetes (HbA1c) and HIV testing from women and men age 15 and older who consented
Three blood pressure measurements were taken from consenting women and men age 15 and older using Omron 1300 digital blood pressure monitors

6. SA fertility rate is declining

7. Fertility

8. 2,4 3,1 In 2016 the Total Fertility Rate stood Fertility
at for Urban Women for Non-Urban Women
2,4
3,1

9. by 19 years of age 16% of girls have begun childbearing
Fertility
by 19 years of age 16% of girls have begun childbearing
Hospital
School
Girls with lower levels of education are more likely to fall pregnant.

10. Percentage distribution of teenagers who began childbearing by age
As expected teenage pregnancy increases with age.
Fewer 19 year olds have begun childbearing in 2016

11. Percentage distribution of teenagers who began childbearing: Gauteng
The Northern Cape and North West have the highest percentages of teenagers who began childbearing, Gauteng is just below the country average of 15,6%

12. Fertility preferences
61% of Married Mothers who already have 2 children have no desire for more children or sterilised
88% of Married Mothers who already have 4 children have no desire for more children or sterilised
88%
61%

13. Contraception
58% of all women not only use contraception but use modern methods of contraception

14. Contraception
Contraceptive use among women currently married or living with someone as married

15. Contraception: Gauteng
Contraceptive use among women currently married or living with someone as married

16. Selected contraceptive use amongst sexually active women
Contraception
Selected contraceptive use amongst sexually active women
Unmarried - use of injectables declined from 44% to 26%

17. Contraception Selected contraceptive use amongst sexually active women
Unmarried: condom use increased from 3% to 24%

18. Contraception preferences: Gauteng
Selected contraceptive use amongst sexually active women in GP
Injectables the most preferred method, unmarried= is male condom, married= injectables

19. Summary: contraceptive use
Overall, first commonly used = Depo (3 months), followed by male condom
Drop in selected methods of contraceptives except for male condom among both unmarried and married women
Among currently married woman 15% of family planning need is unmet

20. Infant and child mortality rates are basic indicators of a country’s socioeconomic progress as well as quality of life

21. Comparison of childhood mortality, 1998 and 2016
Deaths per 1,000 live births in the 5 years before the survey

22. Child health

23. Immunisation coverage 24-35 months

24. Immunisation coverage 24-35 months
Only 42% of month old children
have received all
age appropriate
vaccinations.

25. Immunisation coverage 24-35 months: Gauteng
Low levels all vaccinations
Only half received measles 2

26. Nutritional Status of Children by Age Pattern
Stunting is low height for age
Stunting clearly remains a national concern.

27. Breastfeeding Status of Babies 0-5 Months
32% of children less than 6 months are exclusively breast fed which is less than the recommended 50% of exclusively breastfeeding as per WHO recommendation

28. Adult health risk factors

29. Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months5%
Among the men who had two or more partners in the past 12 months, 65% of them reported using a condom during their last sexual intercourse.
Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months
Among the women who had two or more partners in the past 12 months, 58% reported using a condom during their last sexual intercourse
Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months

30. Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months in Gauteng
Condom
Use
62%
Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months in Gauteng
Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months
Female 4%
62%
Condom
Use
Among the men who had two or more partners in the past 12 months, 68% of them reported using a condom during their last sexual intercourse.
Among the women who had two or more partners in the past 12 months, 62% reported using a condom during their last sexual intercourse
Male
17%
68%
Condom
Use
Multiple Sexual Partners (2+) in past 12 months

31. Intercourse in the past 12 months with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with
Among the men who had intercourse with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with them, 69% used a condom at last sexual intercourse
Among the women who had intercourse with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with them, 60% used a condom at last sexual intercourse

32. Intercourse in the past 12 months with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with them in Gauteng
Among the men who had intercourse with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with them, 67% used a condom at last sexual intercourse
Female
43%
66%
Condom
Use
Among the women who had intercourse with a person who was neither their spouse nor lived with them, 66% used a condom at last sexual intercourse.
Male
67%
Condom
Use
55%

33. Sexual partners Gauteng=5 Gauteng=24
The average number of lifetime sexual partners among all men age
15-49 is 15
Gauteng=24
The average number of lifetime sexual partners among all women age is 4
Gauteng=5

34. Women have higher levels of knowledge regarding testing than men
Knowledge and History of HIV Testing
Women have higher levels of knowledge regarding testing than men
Women 15-49
Men 15-49
92%
93%
Know where to test
82%
69%
Ever Tested
59%
Tested in the past 12 Months
and received the last results
45%
In the age group 15-24, 31% of women and 42% of men have never tested for HIV and AIDS

35. Knowledge and History of HIV Testing: GautengLP
88%
Men
91%
Women
Knowledge of where to test GP
96%
Men
91%
Women
South Africa
94%
Men
93%
Women MP
94%
Men
97%
Women NW
97%
Men
98%
Women FS
96%
Men
Women
KZN
93%
Men
91%
Women NC
86%
Men
93%
Women EC
96%
Men
97%
Women WC
93%
Men
Women

36. Ever tested and received results: Gauteng
Women have higher levels of testing than men GP
70%
Men
80%
Women LP
55%
Men
78%
Women
South Africa
69%
Men
82%
Women MP
72%
Men
86%
Women NW
74%
Men
84%
Women FS
74%
Men
84%
Women
KZN
73%
Men
81%
Women NC
62%
Men
81%
Women EC
63%
Men
86%
Women WC
74%
Men
82%
Women

37. Women have higher levels of testing than men
Tested in the 12 months and received results: Gauteng
Women have higher levels of testing than men

38. Nutritional Status
Based on BMI score, two-thirds (68%) of women in South Africa are overweight or obese
Just under one third of men (31%) are overweight or obese.

39. Prevalence of hypertension (blood pressure >140/80 mm/Hg and/or medication) by Sex and Age Group
Hypertension increases with Age.
After age 45, women have higher percentage of those who are hypertensive than men

40. Prevalence of hypertension (blood pressure >140/80 mm/Hg and/or medication) by Sex: Gauteng
Gauteng ranking third lowest for both men and women

41. Prevalence of Anaemia in Adults by Age
31% of adult women and 17% of adult men are anaemic

42. Prevalence of Anaemia in adult women: Gauteng
32% of adult women in Gauteng anaemic, ranked third

43. Prevalence of Anaemia in adult men: Gauteng
17% of adult men anaemic in Gauteng, same as the National

44. Break/Section Slide Achohol and Tobbaco
Smoking and alcohol

45. Prevalence of Tobacco use by Population Group and Sex
Overall males smoke daily more than women
Male
Female
Cigarette smoking between the different population groups more similar in males as opposed to females
Coloured and white women have much higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (38% and 15% respectively) than Black/African and Indian women (3% each).

46. Prevalence of Smoking Cigarettes by women: Gauteng
One in 20 women smoke

47. Prevalence of Smoking Cigarettes by Men: Gauteng
One in four men smoke

48. Report having drunk alcohol in the past 7 days by Population Group and Sex
Alcohol consumption is more common among men than women

49. Report having drunk alcohol in the past 7 days by Sex: Gauteng
Men has the highest rate

50. Experience of
violence

51. Domestic violence
1 in 5 women report having experienced physical violence
21% of women over 18 years has experienced physical violence

52. Domestic violence in Gauteng
Physical violence: Ever=18% and in the 12 months= 8%
Sexual violence: Ever=8% and in the 12 months=3%

53. Conclusion
Information collected will assist health policy makers to plan and prioritise health programmes for all people living in South Africa
A comprehensive and detailed report due February 2018
The Key Indicator Report is available on the Stats SA website