1. Environmental Science Do Now Tuesday, 9/26/17
Take your Do Now sheet out and complete..
1) Define ecology.
2) Define habitat.
3) Define abiotic.
4) Define biotic.
5) At which level does life begin?
6) Put these terms in order from the smallest to the largest: ecosystem, organism, biosphere, community, population, atom, organ, molecule, tissue, cell, organelle, organ system

2. Environmental Science Do Now Tuesday, 9/26/17 Key
Take your Do Now sheet out and complete..
1) Define ecology.
2) Define habitat.
3) Define abiotic.
4) Define biotic.
5) At which level does life begin?
6) Put these terms in order from the smallest to the largest: ecosystem, organism, biosphere, community, population, atom, organ, molecule, tissue, cell, organelle, organ system

3. Reminders of Important Dates
Back to School Night will occur on Wednesday, September 27, 2017 from 5:30 – 7:30 pm.
Meet NEA business partners/Raffles
Students &/or Parents who come out will earn a bonus test grade of 100% (You must come to my classroom! If I don’t see you, you weren’t here!!!)
1st Quarter Progress report grades close on Wednesday, October 4, 2017.
If you are failing a class, you have 8 more days to improve your grade before progress report grades are finalized!

4. Tonight’s Homework
Use your notes on evolution through natural selection to write 6-8 sentence summary of the process.

5. Objective
Students will know the mechanism of evolution through natural selection by taking notes, performing close read and performing the Teddy Graham lab.
Mastery: 70% (70/100 points) of points or better on the Teddy Graham lab

6. Engage What is evolution? How does a species evolve?
What causes evolution?
How quickly does evolution of a species occur?
Can you think of an example of modern-day evolution?

8. New Vocabulary Words Evolution Adaptation Natural selection
Artificial selection
Mutation

9. Explore – Worth 500 points
Students will close read/annotate one of two articles on evolution.
MRSA
Source:
Pesticide-Resistance
Source:

10. Evolution through Natural Selection PPT (students will copy the notes)
Explain

11. Darwin & Evolution by Natural Selection
Insect eaters
Bud eater
Seed eaters
Cactus
eater
Warbler
finch
Tree finches
Ground finches

12. Charles Darwin Proposed a way how evolution works
How did creatures change over time?
by natural selection
Collected a lot of evidence to support his ideas
British naturalist
What did Darwin say?
What evidence supports Evolution by Natural Selection?
What impact did Evolution have on biology?

13. Voyage of the HMS Beagle
Invited to travel around the world
(22 years old!)
makes many observations of nature
main mission of the Beagle was to chart South American coastline
After graduation Darwin was recommended to be the conversation companion to Captain Robert FitzRoy, preparing the survey ship Beagle for a voyage around the world.
FitzRoy chose Darwin because of his education, his similar social class, and similar age as the captain.
Darwin noted that the plants and animals of South America were very distinct from those of Europe
Robert Fitzroy

14. Voyage of the HMS Beagle
Stopped in Galapagos Islands
500 miles off coast of Ecuador
The origin of the fauna of the Galapagos, 900 km west of the South American coast, especially puzzled Darwin.
On further study after his voyage, Darwin noted that while most of the animal species on the Galapagos lived nowhere else, they resembled species living on the South American mainland.
It seemed that the islands had been colonized by plants and animals from the mainland that had then diversified on the different islands

15. Galapagos
Recently formed volcanic islands. Most of animals on the Galápagos live nowhere else in world, but they look like species living on South American mainland.
800 km west of Ecuador

16. Darwin found…many unique species
Many of Darwin’s observations made him wonder… Why?
Darwin asked:
Why were these creatures found only on the Galapagos Islands?

17. Darwin found…clues in the fossils
present day Armadillos
Darwin found…clues in the fossils
Darwin found:
Evidence that creatures have changed over time
ancient Armadillo
Darwin asked:
Why should extinct armadillos & modern armadillos be found on same continent?

18. Darwin found: Different shells on tortoises on different islands
Darwin asked:
Is there a relationship between the environment & what an animal looks like?

19. Darwin found… birds Darwin found:
Finch?
Sparrow?
Woodpecker?
Warbler?
Darwin found:
Many different birds on the Galapagos Islands.
He thought he found very different kinds…
Finch?
Sparrow?
Woodpecker?
Warbler?

20. But Darwin found… a lot of finches
Darwin was amazed to find out:
All 14 species of birds were finches…
Finch?
Sparrow?
Woodpecker?
Warbler?
But there is only one species of finch on the mainland!
Large ground finch
Small ground finch
Finch?
Sparrow?
Darwin asked:
If the Galapagos finches came from the mainland, why are they so different now?
Warbler finch
Tree finch
Woodpecker?
Warbler?

21. The finches cinched it! different beaks are inherited variations
serve as adaptations that help birds compete for food
these birds survive & reproduce
pass on the genes for those more fit beaks
over time nature selected for different species with different beaks
Darwin found:
The differences between species of finches were associated with the different food they ate.
Finch?
Sparrow?
Woodpecker?
Warbler?
Darwin said:
Ahaaaa! A flock of South American finches were stranded on the Galapagos…
Large ground finch
Big seed eater
Small ground finch
Small seed eater
Insect eater
Warbler finch
Leaf & bud eater
Tree finch

22. Relationship between species (beaks) & food

23. Darwin’s finches Darwin’s conclusions variations in beaks
differences in beaks in the original flock
adaptations to foods available on islands
natural selection for most fit
over many generations, the finches were selected for specific beaks & behaviors
offspring inherit successful traits
accumulation of winning traits: both beaks & behaviors
separate into different species

24. From 1 species to 14 species…
Warbler finch
Woodpecker finch
Small insectivorous
tree finch
Large
insectivorous
Vegetarian
Cactus finch
Sharp-beaked finch
Small ground
finch
Medium
ground finch
Large ground
Insect eaters
Bud eater
Seed eaters
Cactus
eater
Warbler
Tree finches
Ground finches
natural selection for best survival & reproduction
variation

25. Earlier ideas on Evolution
LaMarck
evolution by acquired traits
creatures developed traits during their lifetime
give those traits to their offspring
example
in reaching higher leaves giraffes stretch their necks & give the acquired longer neck to offspring
not accepted as valid

26. Darwin’s view of Evolution
giraffes that already have long necks survive better
leave more offspring who inherit their long necks
variation
selection & survival
reproduction & inheritance of more fit traits 

27. Asking Questions is a good adaptation!

28. Darwin found… more fossils
present day Sloth
Darwin found… more fossils
Darwin found:
Evidence that creatures have changed over time
(extinct) Giant ground sloth
Darwin asked:
Why should extinct sloths & modern sloths be found on the same continent?

29. Extend
Teddy Graham Evolution Lab

30. Evaluation Teddy Graham Lab – 70/100 points or better
Seed Germination Lab
Each pair of students must earn, at least, 10/15 points on their lab report (Due: Monday, October 2, 2017)
SKILL MASTERY LEVELS:
90 – 100% (13-15 points): SKILLS EXCEPTIONALLY MASTERED
80 – 89% ( points): SKILLS WELL MASTERED
70 – 79% (10 points): SKILLS ADEQUATELY MASTERED
60 – 69% (9 points): SKILLS BASICALLY MASTERED
<60% (<9 points): SKILLS NOT MASTERED

31. Seed Germination Lab – Day #2
Today you will:
Record any observations about your seeds (For example: no seed germination, seed germination, dry, damp, smelly, brown, wet…etc.). Be observant!
Your and your partner will water your seeds, if needed. Be specific, record your steps.
For example: Added 10 mL of vinegar solution to the Petri plate labeled “vinegar” and 10 mL of water to the Petri plate labeled “water”. Then, sit the plates back in the windowsill.
copyright cmassengale

32. Seed Germination Lab – Day #3
Today you will CONTINUE:
Record any observations about your seeds (For example: no seed germination, seed germination, dry, damp, smelly, brown, wet…etc.). Be observant!
Your and your partner will water your seeds, if needed. Be specific, record your steps.
For example: Added 10 mL of vinegar solution to the Petri plate labeled “vinegar” and 10 mL of water to the Petri plate labeled “water”. Then, sit the plates back in the windowsill.
copyright cmassengale