1. Industrial Experience LEM2011
10/09/2018
Leadership
Industrial Experience
LEM2011

2. Objectives
10/09/2018
Discuss the theoretical framework underpinning the management of teams
Analyse the distinction between leadership and management
Analyse management skills
Evaluate personal skills and performance
Initial assessment – what is your experience of leading / being led? Think of + & - examples of each and what qualities make a good leader

3. Describe these famous leaders in one word…
10/09/2018
Describe these famous leaders in one word…
Starter activity, 5-10 mins – try to stimulate discussion in group about some of the leaders
Some students will know all of these, others might not know any – promote working together
E&D – males, females and various ethnicities represented

4. Mahatma Gandhi 10/09/2018 Mahatma Gandhi Biography
Mahatma Gandhi was a prominent Indian political leader who campaigned for Indian independence. He employed non-violent principles and peaceful disobedience. He was assassinated in 1948, shortly after achieving his life goal of Indian independence. In India, he is known as ‘Father of the Nation’.

5. Nelson Mandela 10/09/2018 Biography Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela (1918 – 2013) was a South African political activist who spent over 20 years in prison for his opposition to the apartheid regime. He was released in 1990 and, in 1994, was later elected the first leader of a democratic South Africa. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (jointly with F.W. de Klerk) in 1993 for his work in helping to end racial segregation in South Africa. He is considered the father of a democratic South Africa and widely admired for his ability to bring together a nation, previously divided by apartheid. Nelson Mandela is one of the most admired political leaders of the Twentieth and Twenty First Century for his vision to forgive and forge a new ‘rainbow’ nation.

6. 10/09/2018
Tony Blair
Synopsis
Tony Blair was born on May 6, 1953 in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 1994, he became the youngest leader of the Labour Party. In 1997, he was sworn in as prime minister of the United Kingdom. He stepped down as prime minister and left his position as leader of the Labour Party in In more recent years, he has been in the press for allegedly attempting to keep quiet a phone-hacking scandal.

7. Margaret Thatcher 10/09/2018 Synopsis
Born on October 13, 1925, in Grantham, England, Margaret Thatcher became Britain's Conservative Party leader and in 1979 was elected prime minister, the first woman to hold the position. During her three terms, she cut social welfare programs, reduced trade union power and privatized certain industries. Thatcher resigned in 1991 due to unpopular policy and power struggles in her party. She died on April 8, 2013, at age 87

8. Queen Elizabeth II 10/09/2018 Synopsis
Queen Elizabeth II was born Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on April 21, 1926, in London, to Prince Albert, Duke of York (later King George VI), and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. She married Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh in 1947, became queen on February 6, 1952, and was crowned on June 2, During her reign, she has tried to make the British monarchy more modern and sensitive to the public.

9. Martin Luther King 10/09/2018 Martin Luther King Biography
Martin Luther King Jr was one of America’s most influential civil rights activists. His passionate, but non violent protests, helped to raise awareness of racial inequalities in America, leading to significant political change. Martin Luther King was also an eloquent orator who captured the imagination and hearts of people, both black and white.

10. Barack Obama 10/09/2018 Synopsis
Born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii, Barack Obama is the 44th and current president of the United States. He was a civil-rights lawyer and teacher before pursuing a political career. He was elected to the Illinois State Senate in 1996, serving from 1997 to He was elected to the U.S. presidency in 2008, and won re-election in 2012 against Republican challenger Mitt Romney. President Obama continues to enact policy changes in response to the issues of health care and economic crisis.

11. Definition: Leadership
10/09/2018
Definition: Leadership
“The action of leading a group of people or an organisation, or the ability to do this”
Synonyms:
headship, directorship, governance, jurisdiction, captaincy, control, rule, command, power, mastery, domination, premiership, sovereignty
Learners to come up with own definitions and compare to this dictionary definition – can it be improved? 3 mins
Stretch – list synonyms

12. “The process of dealing with or controlling things or people”
10/09/2018
Leadership
Management
“The action of leading a group of people or an organisation, or the ability to do this”
“The process of dealing with or controlling things or people”
Discuss difference between the terms – 5 mins
List on board, qualities of a leader

13. Leadership Management Adair (2012):
10/09/2018
Leadership
Management
Adair (2012):
“our understanding of management is undergoing a slow revolution ... There is now a growing recognition that managership is one form – among many – of leadership ... All of your employees are leaders in their own way.”
While there is a difference between the words, they are often used interchangeably, which probably reflects are more modern approach to running a business.
Complete Leadership Skills sheet
Adair, J. (2012) John Adair's 100 Greatest Ideas for Being a Brilliant Manager. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Available at: (accessed on 20th January 2015.)

14. Action Centred Leadership Model (Adair, 2012)
10/09/2018
Action Centred Leadership Model (Adair, 2012)
achieving the task
managing &
Developing
individuals
managing the team or group
Discuss model and interpretation of it – check understanding
John Adair - Action Centred Leadership Model – from
John Adair is a renowned leadership theorist. He devised his Action Centred Leadership Model following observations of leaders and their followers during the 1970s. Adair captured his theory in a 3 circle diagram; in which each of the circles overlapped.
The three overlapping circles illustrate that each of the functions are interdependent. This is because individuals make up teams
Teams/individuals complete tasks
Without a task there is no need for a team or individual.
If one element is missing or weak then the other elements will suffer. For example if the team is weak then the task will suffer and one weak individual can affect team performance and subsequently task completion. Adair said that leaders should therefore concentrate on:
Task Completion (achieve the task)
Creating and sustaining a group of people that work together as a team (build and sustain a team) and
Development of individuals within the team (develop the individual).

15. 8 functions of a “brilliant” manager (Adair, 2012)
Define the task
Plan – set aims & objectives
Brief team & allocate tasks
Control & coordinate
Evaluate against the plan
Motivate team
Set an example
Support the team

16. Management / leadership styles
10/09/2018
Management / leadership styles
There are four main styles:
Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Bureaucratic
Familiar words?
Many text books use these four categories, but others subdivide more – for AS2 you might find that you refer to models of management styles and skills. Encourage to look up other / similar models, find one that suits your placement best.

17. Autocratic Full control of decision making
10/09/2018
Autocratic
Full control of decision making
Employees have little or no input
Good in crisis situations
Motivation through rewards
From:
Authoritarian leaders provide clear expectations for what needs to be done, when it should be done, and how it should be done. There is also a clear division between the leader and the followers. Authoritarian leaders make decisions independently with little or no input from the rest of the group.
This is widely used and encouraged in the armed services – particularly the army as soldiers need to follow orders in very stressful situations like war, battle and protecting civilians
This type is used when the leader tells her employees what she wants done and how she wants it done, without getting the advice of her team. Some of the appropriate conditions to use it are when you have all the information to solve the problem, you are shot on time, or your employees are well motivated.
Some people think that this style includes yelling, using demeaning language, and leading by threats and abuse of power. This is not the authoritarian style….. it is an abusive, unprofessional style of leadership.
Title The Relationship Between Time Orientations and Leadership Styles of Parochial School Administrators
AuthorReuben Nwankwo
ContributorTexas Southern University
PublisherProQuest, 2008
ISBN ,

18. Democratic Encourages participation in decision making
10/09/2018
Democratic
Encourages participation in decision making
Strong coaching, listening and motivating skills
Teamwork and communication are important
Prepared to make final decision when agreement can’t be reached

19. Laissez-faire Gives employees as much freedom as possible.
10/09/2018
Laissez-faire
Gives employees as much freedom as possible.
Managers communicate goals to employees but allow them to choose how to complete objectives, make decisions and resolve problems on their own.
From:
Can be effective in situations where group members are highly qualified in an area of expertise, but can lead to poorly defined roles and a lack of motivation.
In the public services you would use this style when managing staff who are highly skilled and experienced - e.g. SAS, SBS etc.
In this style, the leader allows the employees to make the decision. However, the leader is still responsible for the decisions that are made. This is also used when employees are able to analyse the situation and determine what needs to be done and how to do it. You cannot do everything! You must set priorities and delegate certain tasks.

20. Bureaucratic Everything is done ‘by the book' or by the policy
10/09/2018
Bureaucratic
Everything is done ‘by the book' or by the policy
They reinforce the rules
If it isn’t covered by the book, the manager refers to the next level above

21. Evaluate management styles
10/09/2018
Evaluate management styles
Give advantages and disadvantages of each
In what circumstances is each appropriate?
Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Bureaucratic
Write advantages and disadvantages each & discuss
Tutor to circulate, check each learner’s understanding of the terms. Summary sheet available if needed

22. Where does each management style belong on here?
10/09/2018
Where does each management style belong on here?
high
Authority of leader
Relates back to task in previous week plotting product characteristics – to test understanding of concept and promote further interpretation
low
high
Autonomy of team

23. 10/09/2018
Which manager?
This manager is a more coaching style manager. The team input is important and s/he finds out what the players want and gives them what they ask.
This manger believes in providing employees as much freedom as possible. They communicate goals but allows them to choose how to complete objectives.
This manager is very domineering and s/he motivates people with a fiery personality. Her/his opinion matters above all.
This leader manages by the book as everything has to be done according to procedure or policy. S/he is more likely to say ‘Sorry, that’s the rules!’.
Richard Branson
Alex Ferguson
Female police sergeant
Sven Goren-Eriksson

24. Leadership style scenarios
10/09/2018
Leadership style scenarios
Read the scenario you are given
Determine what style is being used
Comment from the perspective of...
An employee
The manager / leader
Could a different style work better?
1-3 = harder examples (differentiate)
Students to add comments and pass on to neighbour

25. Your leadership qualities
10/09/2018
Your leadership qualities
Think about your work experience to date and/or a future leadership role – how will these skills be used?
Leadership qualities sheet – individual work / self assessment

26. References
Adair, J. (2012) John Adair's 100 Greatest Ideas for Being a Brilliant Manager. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Available at: (accessed on 20th January 2015.)