1. The Internet and the World Wide Web
CHAPTER 3
The Internet and the World Wide Web

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this class, students should be able to:
Explain and differentiate the Internet and World Wide Web
Describe the Internet services

3. INTERNET Large network that connects smaller networks globally.
A worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, education institutions and individuals.
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Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland.
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

4. History of Internet The Internet, or Net, was Launched in 1969.
National computer network
US funded project called ARPANET.
Started by the Pentagon’s Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) - U.S. Department of Defense.
Original Goal
allow scientist from different location to share information and work together on military science projects.
could function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster or nuclear attack.
Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland.
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

5. THE WORLD WIDE WEB
The web, short for World Wide Web, is one of the more popular services on the Internet.
World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1992 at CERN (Center for European Nuclear Research).
Contains billions of documents called Web pages.
A Web page can contain:
Text
Graphics
Audio
Video
It has built-in connection or links to other documents, graphics and other Web pages or Web sites.
A Web site is a collection of related Web pages.
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Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland.
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

6. The Internet and the Web
Actual physical network comprised of wires, cables & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online
Connect millions of computers and resources throughout the world.
Web
A multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet.
Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland.
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

7. Browsers Programs that provide access to Web resources.
Browsers allow you to search or surf the Web
It uses URL (uniform resource locator) to connect to other resources
It may contain hyperlinks, graphics and text
Primary functions of web browsers:
To bring information resources to the user (retrieval / fetching)
Allowing users to view the information (display, rendering)
Access other information (navigation, following links)
Example of well-known browsers:
Mozilla Firefox
Google chrome
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Opera
Safari
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Browsers allow you to search or surf the Web
Navigate, search for information and communicate using the Web
Use URL (uniform resource locator) to connect to other resources

8. Browsers Eight common user interface elements in a browser are:
Back and forward buttons to go back to the previous resource and forward respectively.
A refresh or reload button to reload the current resource.
A stop button to cancel loading the resource. In some browsers, the stop button is merged with the reload button.
A home button to return to the user's home page.
An address bar to input the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the desired resource and display it.
A search bar to input terms into a search engine. In some browsers, the search bar is merged with the address bar.
A status bar to display progress in loading the resource and also the URI of links when the cursor hovers over them, and page zooming capability.
The viewport the visible area of the webpage within the browser window.
Browsers allow you to search or surf the Web
Navigate, search for information and communicate using the Web
Use URL (uniform resource locator) to connect to other resources

9. Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
URL is a formatted text string used by Web browsers, clients and other software to identify a network resource on the Internet.
All URLs have at least two parts:
Protocol is the rules for exchanging data between computers.
Domain name is the name of the server where the resource is located.
Domain code/top-level domain identifies the type of organization.

10. INTERNET SERVICES Communications is the most popular Internet activity
Types of communications:
or electronic mail (Key Term)
Transmission of electronic messages (Key Term) over the Internet
Has three basic parts: header (Key Term), message, and signature
Header
Address
Subject – very important to include this in a message
Attachments (Key Term)
Spam (Key Term) – unsolicited
Distraction, Nuisance
Discussion groups
Participate in forums and debates
Includes mailing lists (Key Term), newsgroups (Key Term), chat groups (Key Term), and instant messaging (Key Term)
Mailing lists – message is sent to a list address (Key Term)
Newsgroups – uses a special network called UseNet (Key Term)
Chat - allows direct, live communications
IRC – Internet Relay Chat (Key Term) is a very popular chat service
IM – instant messaging, can send messages back and forth in real time
Lurking (Key Term) - this is a technique you can use before you participate in a discussion group
You observe and don't respond until you feel more comfortable with the group

11. INTERNET SERVICES Communication Searching Online shopping
Exchanging
Discussion Groups
Instant messaging
Social networking
Searching
Search engine
Online shopping
E-commerce
Entertainment
Education or e-learning
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Most common Internet applications
Communicating - sending and discussion group participation
You can chat live with others
Ask students what chat software they use
Shopping – fastest-growing applications
Searching - using virtual libraries
Entertainment – music downloads; integration of TV and PC
Education or e-learning
You can take classes on almost any subject (Key Term)

12. Communication Most popular Internet activity Types of communication
Social Networking
Instant Messaging
Discussion Groups
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Communications is the most popular Internet activity
Types of communications:
or electronic mail (Key Term)
Transmission of electronic messages (Key Term) over the Internet
Has three basic parts: header (Key Term), message, and signature
Header
Address
Subject – very important to include this in a message
Attachments (Key Term)
Spam (Key Term) – unsolicited
Distraction, Nuisance
Discussion groups
Participate in forums and debates
Includes mailing lists (Key Term), newsgroups (Key Term), chat groups (Key Term), and instant messaging (Key Term)
Mailing lists – message is sent to a list address (Key Term)
Newsgroups – uses a special network called UseNet (Key Term)
Chat - allows direct, live communications
IRC – Internet Relay Chat (Key Term) is a very popular chat service
IM – instant messaging, can send messages back and forth in real time
Lurking (Key Term) - this is a technique you can use before you participate in a discussion group
You observe and don't respond until you feel more comfortable with the group

13. Electronic Mail Also known as e-mail.
Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet.
To send we need:
account
Access to the Internet
program
Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address has three parts
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name - references a specific organization
Domain code (Key Term) - geographical location or organizational identification
Domain identification
= .com = commercial
= .edu = education and research
= .org = organizations (usually non-profit)
= .net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial)
= .gov = government

14. Basic Parts of an e-Mail
3 basic parts of electronic mail:
Header
Address
Subject
Attachment
Message
Signature Line
Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address has three parts
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name - references a specific organization
Domain code (Key Term) - geographical location or organizational identification
Domain identification
= .com = commercial
= .edu = education and research
= .org = organizations (usually non-profit)
= .net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial)
= .gov = government

15. Address
Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address has three parts:
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name – references of a specific organization
Domain code - geographical location or organizational identification
Most common domain identification are:
= .com = commercial
= .edu = education and research
= .org = organizations (usually non-profit)
= .net = major network centres (usually easier to access than commercial)
= .gov = government
Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address has three parts
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name - references a specific organization
Domain code - geographical location or organizational identification
Domain identification
= .com = commercial
= .edu = education and research
= .org = organizations (usually non-profit)
= .net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial)
= .gov = government

16. Social Networking
A social networking service is an online service (most of it are web- based) for people around the world to share interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections.
It allow individuals to create a public profile (user’s profile), to create a list of users with whom to share connection (social links) , and view and cross the connections within the system.
It also provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as e- mail and instant messaging.
Social network sites provide tools for photo and video sharing and blogging.
Among popular social networking sites are:
Facebook
Twitter
Instagram
Flickr
MySpace
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Source: wikipedia.org

17. Discussion Groups Mailing lists Newsgroups Chat groups
Group of names and addresses given a single name.
When a message is sent to the mailing list, everyone on the list receives the message.
Newsgroups
Online area where users discuss a particular subject.
Chat groups
Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer.
Chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to discuss topics of interest.
Mailing lists allow members to communicate via a list address
Sign up by sending an request to the mailing list subscription address (Key Term)
Messages sent
Unsubscribe
Newsgroups use the UseNet
Most popular discussion group
Located on a special network called UseNet
Chat groups support live conversations
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) favorite of many users
Allow “live” communication in real time
Communication by typed messages
Lurking is good – Reading communications before contributing
Helps potential participants understand the culture of the group
Uses lists (instant messaging) to activate notification when live
Must join, then sign on to participate
Individual communication
Group communication
Mailing lists are more private than Chat groups

18. Instant Messaging
Online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the internet.
It is an extension of that provides direct, live communication between two or more people.
Some instant messaging programs also include extra features such as:
Text/voice chat
File transfer and file sharing (photo, video)
Voice/video call
Location sending
Currently, instant messaging applications have been downloaded in  smartphones and mobile device.
Most widely used instant messaging application software are:
WeChat
WhatsApp
Facebook Messenger
Line
Skype (Desktop and mobile)
QQ (Desktop and mobile)
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19. Search Engines
Specialized programs to assist in locating information needed on the internet.
Types of searching method:
Keyword search
User must enter keyword or phrases reflecting the
information needed.
Directory search
Provided by search engine.
Users can choose a directory
or list of categories or topics
that fits the information needed.
Keyword search – enter a keyword or a phrase
Returns a number of hits (Key Term)
Each hit includes a hyperlink
Directory search
Known as an index search
Select a category or topic that fits the information you want
Note: a recent study by the NEC Research Institute found that any one search engine includes only a fraction of the informational sources on the Web

20. Electronic Commerce Short for electronic commerce
Business transaction that occurs over the Internet.
Business to consumer (B2C) Sale of goods to general public
Consumer to consumer (C2C) One consumer sells directly to another
Business to business (B2B) Business providing goods and services to other businesses

21. Electronic Commerce ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Goods and services can be purchased at any time of day or night.
Inability to provide immediate delivery of goods.
Buyers do not need to go to the shop to buy goods.
Inability to “try on” prospective purchases.
Reduce inventory.
Security of online payment.
Electronic commerce is buying and selling over the Internet
Three basic types of electronic commerce: business to consumer; consumer to consumer; and business to business
Web storefronts (Key Term) are virtual stores for B2C commerce; just like being in the store except you do it from home
Web auctions (Key Term) growing in popularity; similar to traditional auctions – no one sees each other
Auction house sites – merchandise presented for auction
Person-person auction sites – more like flea markets; forum for buyers and sellers to gather
Electronic payment -- easy, secure payment method
Checks -- slowest and least convenient
Credit cards -- easier to work with, somewhat vulnerable to theft
Electronic cash (Key Term) or e-cash (Key Term) -- also known as cybercash (Key Term) and digital cash (Key Term)
Purchased from third party (usually a special bank); more secure than credit cards

22. Entertainment
A website which offers an interactive and engaging environment.
Popular entertainment Web sites offer music, videos, sports, games, chats and others.

23. Educational
A website which offers exciting, challenging avenues for formal and informal teaching and learning.
Some examples are:
Companies provide online training to employees.
Colleges offer online classes.
Instructor use to enhance classroom teaching by publishing course materials and others supporting materials through special webpage.
Online lecture through Skype or recorded video. P
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