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Protists
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POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists
POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists POINT > Explain why protists are important in nature
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Protist characteristics
All protists are eukaryotic Most protists are unicellular One of the first groups of living things (1.5 billion years ago) Protists are very important in ecological food chains Some protists cause disease in humans “Protists” are not really one group
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POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists
1. Animal-like Protists: Animal-like protists: 1. Move on their own 2. Are heterotrophs (eat other organisms for energy)
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POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists
2. Plant-like Protists: Like plants, most plant-like protists do not move on their own and are autotrophs (use photosynthesis for energy)
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POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists
3. Fungi-like Protists: Like fungi, these organisms are heterotrophs and get energy by decomposing dead organisms
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CHECK: Do protist cells have a nucleus? What are the three main groups of protists? Are most protists unicellular or multicellular?
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POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists
Animal-like protists are also called protozoans All animal-like protists are unicellular There are four groups: 1. Sarcodines : Example is amoeba Amoeba move using pseudopods Use pseudopods to capture food:
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POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists
There are four groups: 2. Ciliates : Example is paramecium Move using cilia M
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POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists
There are four groups: 3. Flagellates: Flagellates move using a whip-like structure, the flagella
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POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists
There are four groups: 4. Parasitic protists: Example Plasmodium doesn’t move on its own Plasmodium causes the disease malaria Malaria is transmitted by mosquito in tropical regions
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CHECK: What are the four groups of animal-like protists? How do amoeba move? How does a paramecium move? How does Plasmodium move? Are flagellates prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Are ciliates unicellular or multicellular? What protist causes the disease malaria?
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
Plant-like protists can be unicellular or multicellular Plant-like protists are autotrophs: make their own food using light energy (photosynthesis) 70% of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by plant-like protists
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
1. Euglena 2. Diatoms 3. Dinoflagellates 4. Red Algae 5. Green Algae 6. Brown Algae
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
1. Euglena Green color for photosynthesis Can move using flagella Live in fresh water Can be a heterotroph under certain conditions Eyespot: sensitive to light
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
2. Diatoms Diatoms have a glass-like cell wall with geometric shapes Diatoms are used in toothpaste, car polish & reflective paint
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
3. Dinoflagellates Two flagella Some can glow in the dark Dinoflagellates can cause Red Tide: poisons from dinoflagellates kills fish
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
4. Red algae Multicellular “seaweeds” Live in deep ocean waters Common as food in some Asian and European countries
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POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
5. Green algae Most green algae are unicellular Green algae can live in water and on land in wet places Green algae are closely related to plants
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6. Brown algae Brown algae can contain brown, green, yellow, orange and black pigments. Giant kelp can be 100 meters long! POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists
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CHECK: What are the six groups of plant-like protists? Which type of plant-like protist causes Red Tide? Which type of plant-like protist can eat other organisms? Which type of plant-like protist has glass-like cell walls? Which group of plant-like protists do giant kelp belong to? Are most green algae unicellular or multicellular? Which plant-like protists live in very deep water?
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POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists
Fungi-like protists are heterotrophs that get energy from dead organisms Fungi-like protists reproduce with spores: tiny cells that are able to grow into a new organism Fungi-like protists are both unicellular and multicellular
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POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists
1. Water molds 2. Downy molds 3. Slime molds Live in water or wet places These molds attack some plants: Caused the Irish Potato Famine (1840’s)
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POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists
Slime molds reproduce by fruiting bodies with spores GY_uMH8Xpy0
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CHECK: What are two characteristics of fungi-like protists? What are the 3 groups of fungi-like protists? What is a spore? Are fungi-like protists autotrophs or heterotrophs?
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POINT > Explain why protists are important in nature
Protists produce most of earth’s oxygen Protists are the foundation for food chains in the oceans Protists are important as decomposers
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Homework: Read pages S.A. #1-3 page 235 GRAS pages 94-97 Finish Study Guide
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