1. Early 20th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM: Cubism Futurism
Art Deco
to show the ‘concept’ of an object rather than creating a detail of the real thing
to show different views of an object at once, emphasizing time, space & the Machine age
to simplify objects to their most basic, primitive terms

2. Pablo Picasso
Considered most influential artist of 20th Century
Blue Period
Rose Period
Analytical Cubism
Synthetic Cubism

3. Lola, the artist’s sister, 1901.
Early works by a young Picasso
Girl Wearing Large Hat, 1901.
Lola, the artist’s sister, 1901.

4. Blue Period (1901-1904) Moves to Paris in his late teens
Picasso’s Blue Period
Blue Period ( )
Moves to Paris in his late teens
Coping with suicide of friend
Paintings were lonely, depressing
Major color was BLUE!

5. Pablo Picasso, Blue Nude, 1902. BLUE PERIOD
Picasso’s Blue Period
Pablo Picasso, Blue Nude, 1902.
BLUE PERIOD

6. Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901. BLUE PERIOD
Picasso’s Blue Period
Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901.
BLUE PERIOD

7. Picasso’s Blue Period
Pablo Picasso, Tragedy, 1903.
BLUE PERIOD

8. Pablo Picasso, Le Gourmet, 1901. BLUE PERIOD
Picasso’s Blue Period
Pablo Picasso, Le Gourmet, 1901.
BLUE PERIOD

9. Picasso’s work at the National Gallery

10. Rose Period (1904-1906) Much happier art than before
Picasso’s Rose Period
Rose Period ( )
Much happier art than before
Circus people as subjects
Reds and warmer colors
Pablo Picasso, Harlequin Family, ROSE PERIOD

11. Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905. ROSE PERIOD
Picasso’s Rose Period
Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, ROSE PERIOD

12. Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905. ROSE PERIOD
Picasso’s Rose Period
Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, ROSE PERIOD

13. Pablo Picasso, Girl With a Goat, 1906. ROSE PERIOD
Picasso’s Rose Period
Pablo Picasso, Girl With a Goat, 1906.
ROSE PERIOD

14. Much more abstract than before…
Beginnings of Cubism
Much more abstract than before…
Pablo Picasso, Composition with Skull, 1908.

15. Georges Braque, Musical Instruments, 1908.

16. Georges Braque, Fruitdish, 1908-09.

17. Pablo Picasso, Three Musicians, 1921.

18. Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, 1907.
“I paint forms as I think them, not as I see them”

19. Paul Cezanne (Post-Impressionist)
Major Influences…
Paul Cezanne (Post-Impressionist)
Femme de Vert 1909

20. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.
Major Influences…
African Zimba Mask
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.

21. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.
Major Influences…
African Zimba Mask
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.

22. Analytical Cubism Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Vollard, 1910.
Little contrast in color
Complex and systematic design
Faceted shapes, translucent divisions of space
Differing views of the same subject in the same work
Invented by Picasso and George Braque- at the same time, but not really in collaboration
Retains some sort of depth
Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Vollard, 1910.
ANALYTICAL CUBISM

23. Pablo Picasso, Aficionado, 1912.
Analytical Cubism
Pablo Picasso, Aficionado, 1912.
ANALYTICAL CUBISM

24. Synthetic Cubism George Braque, Gillet, 1914. Synthetic Cubism
Invented by Braque and Picasso
Puts forms back together after breaking them apart
“Collage” comes from French word for “glue”
Foreign materials are pasted onto the design- makes the collage look like a real surface
Scraps are changed and painted on, giving them a double meaning
George Braque, Gillet, 1914.
New Space Concept - first since Masaccio

25. Pablo Picasso, Glass and Bottle of Suze, 1912.
Synthetic Cubism
Pablo Picasso, Glass and Bottle of Suze, 1912.
SYNTHETIC CUBISM

26. Futurism Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913.
First announced on Feb. 20, 1909 Newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian poet and editor Tommaso Marinetti:
We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshiping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and worm-ridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal.
To purposely intended to inspire public anger and amazement, to arouse controversy, and to attract widespread attention.
Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913.

27. Boccioni, Dynamism of a Cyclist, 1913. FUTURISM

28. Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. FUTURISM

29. Natalia Goncharova, The Cyclist. 1913. FUTURISM

30. Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913-1914. FUTURISM

31. Art Deco William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930.
The Chrysler Building, NYC
Art Deco
Art Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design.
This movement was a combination of many different styles and movements of the early 20th century, including Constructionism, Cubism, Modernism, Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, and Futurism.
Its popularity apexed during the 1920s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and ultra modern.
William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930.

32. The Chrysler Building, NYC

33. The Chrysler Building, NYC

34. The Chrysler Building, NYC

35. The Chrysler Building, NYC

36. The Chrysler Building, NYC

37. Elevators, The Chrysler Building, NYC

38. Simon Kenton HS, Independence, KY

39. Cincinnati Museum Center (formerly Union Terminal)

40. Cincinnati Museum Center (formerly Union Terminal)

41. Other Art Deco examples

42. Other Art Deco examples

43. Other Art Deco examples

44. Other Art Deco examples

45. Other Art Deco examples

46. Other Art Deco examples

47. Other Art Deco examples

48. Other Art Deco examples

49. DADA Started as a reaction to the horrors of WWI and Nihilism
Began independently in Zurich and NY
French for “hobbyhorse”, but the word itself had no meaning
Believed that reason and logic had been responsible for war
Only hope was anarchy, irrationality, and intuition
Pessimism and disgust of the artists helped them reject tradition-
Arp pioneered the use of chance in artwork- released him from the role of artist
For Dadaists, the idea of chance comes from the unconsciousness- influenced by Freud
Jean Arp, Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance,

50. “We had lost confidence in our culture
“We had lost confidence in our culture. Everything had to be demolished… At the Cabaret Voltaire we began by shocking common sense, public opinion, education, institutions, museums, good taste, in short, the whole prevailing order.”
Hannah Hoch, The Pretty Maiden, DADA

51. Jean Arp
Mountain, Table, Anchors, Navel
DADA

52. Marcel Duchamp Duchamp was the central figure in NY Dada scene
Exhibited his first “ready- made” sculptures - mass produced common products “selected” by the artist
Free from the opinions of the population- neither good or bad taste
Forces viewers to see the “artness” of objects
Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1913.

53. Marcel Duchamp, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even (The Large Glass)
DADA

54. "I am still a victim of chess
"I am still a victim of chess. It has all the beauty of art -- and much more. It cannot be commercialized. Chess is much purer than art in its social position.“
Marcel Duchamp

55. Marcel Duchamp
Bicycle Wheel,
1913.
DADA

56. Marcel Duchamp
Nude Descending a Staircase,
1912.

57. In 1919, Duchamp drew a moustache and goatee, graffiti-style, on a postcard of the Mona Lisa and added the caption L.H.O.O.Q. – which, as any French schoolboy could tell you, sounds like elle a chaud au cul (“She’s hot in the ass”). It quickly became an icon of the international Dada movement.
Duchamp, L.H.O.O.Q., 1919.