1. Protostome Animals(animals that form mouth first)
Animal Kingdom
Protostome Animals(animals that form mouth first)

2. What is an animal?

3. What is an animal?

4. What is an animal?

5. What is an animal? Multicellular Heterotroph Develops from an embryo
Eukaryotic
Most reproduce sexually
Highly structured
Can move

6. How are animals classified?

7. Structure of Animals

8. How are animals classified?
At least 4 million animals
40,000 species of vertebrates (fish, snakes, mammals, frogs, birds)
Most animals are invertebrates (insects, beetles, jellyfish, worms)
The animal kingdom is divided into 2 subkingdoms
Eumetazoa – almost all living species
Parazoa – 5000 species of sponges (simplest, no symmetry, no organs)

9. Animal Kingdom

10. Developmental Patterns
Zygote
Blastula
Gastrula
Archenteron
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Mesoderm

11. Embryo Development
All eumetazoa (true animals) begin life by dividing to form a hollow ball of cells called a blastula.
The blastula folds in on itself to form the gastrula.
The opening in which the cells flow is called the blastopore.
The blastopore becomes the mouth or the anus.

12. Tube Within a Tube
The hollow center of the gastrula is called the archenteron which becomes the gut.
The gastrula represents the body plan of the adult
It is a tube within a tube. The inner tube is the digestive tract
Mouth
anus

13. Formation of the Blastopore

14. Tube Within a Tube The outer tube is the body wall.
Between the two tubes is a fluid filled space or cavity (coelem when lined with mesoderm cells) in which the organs hang.

15. Aceolomates –simplest animals (jellyfish, flatworms) have no cavity (coelem.)
Pseudoceolomates – have a cavity with organs but it is not lined with mesoderm cells. (tiny worms, nemotodes)

16. acoelomates
No cavity
Jellyfish
Flatworms

17. Pseudoceolomates Cavity with organs No mesoderm cell lining Nemotodes
Tiny worms

18. Tube Within a Tube
Coelomates – include the most complex animals (snails, earthworms, insects, and vertebrates)

20. Coelomates Coelomates are divided into to major groups.
Blastopore becomes the mouth – protostomes
Blastopore becomes the anus - deuterostomes

21. Formation of Blastopore

22. Gastrulation

23. Mouth First/Anus First

24. Protostomes
Zoologists divide true animals according to the presence or absence of a coelem and according to whether the blastopore develops into a mouth (protostomes) oe an anus (deuterostomes)
Protostomes include snails earthworms, spiders and insects
Deuterostomes include starfish, sea urchins and vertebrates (us).

25. Symmetry Zoologists also classify animals according to symmetry.
Radial Symmetry – can be rotated along their central axis without changing appearance. There is no left or right side.
Bilateral Symmetry – left and right halves are mirror images of one another, anterior and posterior. (more complex)

26. Symmetry
Radial
Bilateral
Central axis
Left, Right, front, back

27. Symmetry