1. Interworking Architecture for WLANs, WMANs and 3G Cellular Networks
November 2004
Interworking Architecture for WLANs, WMANs and 3G Cellular Networks
Young M. Woo, Kookmin University, Korea
Young J. Lee, Kookmin University, Korea
Yeong M. Jang, Kookmin University, Korea
Ki J. Lee, DACOM, Korea
Brian Lee, DACOM, Korea
Dong C. Lee, DACOM, Korea
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

2. Contents Background Interworking Architecture
November 2004
Contents
Background
Interworking Architecture
Vertical Handover Procedure
Technical Requirements
Summary
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

3. Background WLAN 802.11b: 11Mbps , 802.11a/g: 54Mbps Hotspot area
November 2004
Background
WLAN
802.11b: 11Mbps , a/g: 54Mbps
Hotspot area
Much higher data rates compared with 3G cellular, but can only cover users with low mobility in smaller areas
WMAN
In Korea, WiBro service is expected to be commercialized in 2006
Broadband wireless internet service and move anywhere with seamless wireless internet connection
3G Cellular Network
Limited peak rates that range from 64kbps to nearly 2.4Mbps as a maximum
Wide area coverage
Always on, ubiquitous connectivity with relatively low data rates to users with relatively high mobility
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

4. Background (Cont.) Characteristics Characteristics WLAN (802.11a/b/g)
November 2004
Background (Cont.)
Characteristics
Characteristics
WLAN
(802.11a/b/g)
WMAN
(802.16/e)
3G Cellular Network
(1X EV-DO)
Data Rate
~54Mbps
24Mbps/6Mbps
2.4Mbps/
153.6Kbps
Range
50~100m
Several km
Several tens km
Mobility
Below 30~40km/h
About 60 km/h
Over several tens km/h
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

5. November 2004
Background (Cont.)
Interworking for 3G cellular networks, WMAN, and WLAN
Ubiquitous service
Triple mode terminal
Suitable interworking models
CDMA-WLAN
WLAN-WMAN
WMAN-CDMA
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

6. Background (Cont.) Loose Coupling No change in infrastructure
November 2004
Background (Cont.)
Loose Coupling
No change in infrastructure
L3 handover
Use Mobile IP
Easy implementation
Tight Coupling
Low latency handover
Seamless service
L2 handover
Exchange equipment
Heavy traffic
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

7. Interworking Architecture
November 2004
Interworking Architecture
Phase 1
Loose coupling interworking
Roaming agreement
AAA : Authentication Authorization and Accounting
HA : Home Agent
FA : Foreign Agent
PDSN : Packet Data Serving Node
MSC : Mobile Switching Center
BSC : Base Station Controller
BTS : Base Transceiver System
PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network
PAR : Packet Access Router
APM : Access Point Manager
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

8. Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
November 2004
Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
Phase 2
Loose coupling + Tight coupling
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

9. Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
November 2004
Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
WMAN-CDMA Networks
Loose coupling
Voice oriented (CDMA networks) and data oriented (WMAN)
Data transmission during movement (about 60km/h) in the large coverage.
No need to modify CDMA infrastructure existed widely
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

10. Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
November 2004
Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
CDMA Network-WLAN
Loose coupling
Voice oriented (CDMA) and data oriented (WMAN)
High data transmission rate in the dense area
No need to modify CDMA infrastructure existed widely
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

11. Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
November 2004
Interworking Architecture (Cont.)
WLAN-WMAN
Tight coupling
Data oriented (WMAN, WLAN)
Seamless data transmission as a low latency handover
Efficient than loose coupling
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

12. Vertical Handoff Procedure
November 2004
Vertical Handoff Procedure
3G CDMA Networks-WMAN Call Flow for Phase 2 (CDMA → WMAN)
R-P(RAN-PDSN interface)
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

13. Vertical Handoff Procedure (Cont.)
November 2004
Vertical Handoff Procedure (Cont.)
3G CDMA Networks-WLAN Call Flow for Phase 2 (CDMA → WLAN)
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

14. Vertical Handoff Procedure (Cont.)
November 2004
Vertical Handoff Procedure (Cont.)
WMAN-WLAN Call Flow for Phase (WMAN → WLAN)
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

15. Technical Requirements
November 2004
Technical Requirements
Loose Interworking Architecture
Seamless handoff algorithm
Handoff decision algorithm
Layer 2.5 functionality
Tight Interworking Architecture
Load balancing in the core network (e.g., CAC)
Exchange equipment
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea

16. Summary Interworking for 3G CDMA Network, WMAN, and WLAN
November 2004
Summary
Interworking for 3G CDMA Network, WMAN, and WLAN
Triple mode terminal
Combined loose coupling and tight coupling architecture
Seamless handoff algorithm
Load balancing algorithm
Kookmin Univerisity & DACOM, Korea