1. Writing for Publication Health Sciences Íde OSullivan Regional Writing Centre at UL www.ul.ie/rwc

2. Regional Writing Centre2 Outline Developing an academic writing and research output plan Developing an effective research and writing strategy Establishing peer relationships to support scholarship

3. Regional Writing Centre3 Reflection: Understanding academic writing Writers relationships with academic writing Writing likes and dislikes Positive/creative aspects of academic writing Struggles and fears Paradoxes and contradictions Barriers to effective and pleasurable writing The meaning and purpose of academic writing and research

4. Regional Writing Centre4 The paradoxes of academic writing (Murray and Moore 2006:7) The starting versus finishing paradox The originality versus convention paradox The logic versus emotion paradox The easy versus difficult paradox The public versus private paradox

5. Developing an academic writing and research output plan

6. Regional Writing Centre6 Freewriting/Writing to prompts What writing for publication have you done, and what would you like to do in the short, medium and long term? Keep writing non-stop for 5 minutes. Write in sentences. Do not edit or censor your writing. Private writing -- no one will read it. Discuss what you have written in pairs.

7. The Writing Consultation (Murray, Thow, Moore, and Murphy 2008) Potential Prioritise academic writing Stimulate writing practices Stimulate motivation Create time for writing Reconceptualise writing practices Foster change in writing practices Encourage peer support and collegiality Enhance writers motivation

8. Developing an effective research and writing strategy

9. Regional Writing Centre9 My process: Strategies Assessing my research/writing process Cognitive Strategies Metacognitive Strategies Affective Strategies Social Strategies

10. Regional Writing Centre10 Effective research and writing Writing would be so much better for me if …

11. Regional Writing Centre11 Writing strategies Where and when do you write? How long does it take you to get started? What kind of avoidance tactics go on? Why are you not writing? Write about why you are having difficulty making advances in your paper I dont feel ready to write. Writers block … Why write about why you are having difficulty?

12. Regional Writing Centre12 Writing strategies Getting unstuck Writing to prompts/freewriting (write anything) Set writing goals Write regularly Integrate writing into your thinking Break it down into a manageable process Dont allow yourself to freeze up. When you are feeling overwhelmed… Satisfy yourself with small advances until you feel more confident and unstuck. Seek help. Talk to friends. Talk about how you feel, but talk about your ideas as well. Eat lots of chocolate.

13. Regional Writing Centre13 Sharing strategies

14. Regional Writing Centre14 Getting started Choose one of your short-term writing plans Lay an egg… (Phil Race)

15. Regional Writing Centre15 Writing an abstract Browns 8 questions (Murray 2005:108- 114) Framework to help you draft an abstract Allows you to see the paper as a whole and focus on the main points of the argument Written at an early stage in the writing process, it helps you maintain the main focus as you write the paper. Revise it as you go.

16. Regional Writing Centre16 Browns 8 questions 1. Who are the intended readers? (3-5 names) 2. What did you do? (50 words) 3. Why did you do it? (50 words) 4. What happened? (50 words) 5. What do the results mean in theory? (50 words) 6. What do the results mean in practice? (50 words) 7. What is the key benefit for readers (25 words) 8. What remains unresolved? (no word limit)

17. Regional Writing Centre17 Writing a page 98 paper Early: to establish direction/focus Associate your project with the literature Distinguish your project from the literature Build on research question/hypothesis Focus reading/thinking Manageable writing task: 325 words To develop thinking about your thesis ? Late: to focus thinking as you draft conclusion and revise your introduction (Murray 2006: 105)

18. Regional Writing Centre18 Writing a page 98 paper My research question is … (50 words) Researchers who have looked at this subject are … (50 words) They argue that … (25 words) Debate centres on the issue of … (25 words) There is work to be done on … (25 words) My research is closest to that of X in that … (50 words) My contribution will be … (50 words) (Murray 2006: 104)

19. Establishing peer relationships to support scholarship

20. Regional Writing Centre20 Academic Literacy […] literacy is seen as a social practice rather than a set of cognitive skills to be learnt and assimilated. This approach takes account of the cultural and contextual components of writing and research practices (Lea and Street 1996:2).

21. Regional Writing Centre21 Peer review Dialogue about writing Getting feedback on writing The writing sandwich (Murray 2005:85): writing, talking, writing Writing buddies (Murray and Moore 2006:102) The Writing Consultation (Murray, Thow, Moore and Murphy 2008) Writers groups Writers retreats

22. Avenues to explore A writing for publication programme (Murray and Moore 2006 96-101)?

23. Regional Writing Centre23 Resources Moore, S. (ed.) (2009) Supporting Academic Writing Among Students and Academics, SEDA Special (24). London: SEDA. Brown, R. (1994/1995) Write Right First Time, Literati Club, Articles on Writing and Publishing, Special Issue for Authors and Editors. Elbow, P. (1973) Writing without Teachers. New York: Oxford University Press. Lea, M. and Street, B. (1996) Academic literacies, Learning Matters, 3: 2-4. Leedy, P.D. and Ormond, J.E. (2005) Practical Research: Planning and Design, 8th edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education. Ballenger, B. (2006) The Curious Researcher: A Guide to Writing Research Papers, 5th edition. New York: Pearson Longman. Ebest, S.B., Alred, G., Brusaw, C.T. and Oliu, W.E. (2005) Writing from A to Z: The Easy-to-use Reference Handbook, 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill. Moore, S. (ed.) (2008) Supporting Academic Writing Among Students and Academics, SEDA Special (24). Moore, S. and Murphy, M. (2005) How to be a Student: 100 Great Ideas and Practical Hints for Students Everywhere. UK: Open University Press. Murray, R. (2005) Writing for Academic Journals. UK: Open University Press. Murray, R. (2006) How to Write a Thesis, 2nd edition. UK: Open University Press. Murray, R. and Moore, S. (2006) The Handbook of Academic Writing: A Fresh Approach. UK: Open University Press. Murray, R., Thow, M., Moore, S. and Murphy, M. (2008) The writing consultation: developing academic writing practices, Journal of Further and Higher Education, vol. 32(2): 119-128.