1. Transactional analysis and coaching
Camellia, Pritesh, Oli & Adam

2. “The eternal problem of the human being is how to structure his/her waking hours”   Eric Berne, Games People Play

3. Structure What is Transactional Analysis How it works
How it is relevant
How it is used in coaching conversations
“Research the allocated communication theory/ approach in the context of coaching and summarise for the wider group: 1. What it is and how it works; and 2. How it’s relevant/ can be used within a coaching conversation.”

4. What is Transactional Analysis ?
It was first developed in the 1950’s by Eric Berne, and is now extensively used in coaching, psychotherapy, education and organisational change.
Transactional analysis (TA) is a practical theory of personality, communication and systems.
TA is designed to increase the communication effectiveness of individuals - TA examines the social transactions we make with one another on a daily basis.
It provides us with concepts to understand who we are and how to change our patterns of behaviour.
The goal of transactional analysis is to increase awareness, spontaneity and the capacity for relationship.

5. Transactional analysis – How it works
Transactional Analysis also involves the identification of the ego states behind each and every transaction.
Berne defined an ego state as “a consistent pattern of feeling and experience directly related to a corresponding consistent pattern of behavior.” 2
Berne went on to describe 3 ego states:1
Parent – taught concept
Child – felt concept
Adult – learned concept
1 -
2- Berne, Eric. Transactional Analysis in Psychotherapy

6. To be able to communicate clearly with others…
Learn to recognise / differentiate between straight and crossed transactions. This can come about when we can work out the ego state we are using and the respondent is using.
Straight transactions
Crossed transactions
Parent
Parent
Parent
Parent
Adult
Adult
Adult
Adult
Child
Child
Child
Child

7. Transactional Analysis Drivers
Kahler (1975) identified five common drivers that motivate us, and which can be at the root of dysfunctional behaviours:
Be Perfect
Be Strong
Hurry Up
Please Others
Try Hard

8. Why is transactional analysis relevant?
Transactional Analysis allows for greater perspective and understanding of the relationships between human needs and behaviours, as well as frameworks relating to the ways that organisations function.
This has practical applications
Help people understand themselves better including what ego state they are in
Enhance their relationships
Solve problems
Make positive changes in their lives.
This can be applied to coaching as a way of analysing what goes on between coach, client and any other individuals involved in the relationship.
Through this analysis those involved can better understand their decisions, review them and to make revised decisions where previous choices are leading to current problems.

9. Getting deeper: How is TA Used in Coaching?
Recognise the state
Use questioning to enable the client to recognise if state is helpful or not
Using questioning so client can develop strategies
How did that situation make you feel?
What did you do as a result?
What was getting in the way?
What advice would you give to yourself?

10. Thank you

11. References
Berne E. What Do You Say After You Say Hello? New York: Grove Press, 1973.
Berne, E. Games People Play. New York: Grove Press, 1964.
Kahler, T. Process Therapy in Brief. Human Development Publication, 1979.
Karpman, S.E. Funny tales and script drama analysis. Transactional Analysis Bulletin. AOW. 1968; 7 (26): 38.
Klein, M. How to be happy though human. Transactional Analysis Journal. 1988; 17 (4).
Klein, M. Lives People Live: A Textbook of Transactional Analysis. Chichester: John Wiley