1. Decision Making Processes
Chapter 12

2. Good Terms to Know Organizational Decision-making
Problem identification
Problem solution
Programmed decisions
Nonprogrammed decisions

3. Individual Decision Making
Two Approaches
Rational Approach
When do we use it?

4. Rational Approach

5. Individual Decision Making
Bounded Rationality Perspective
When do we use it?
Intuitive Decision-making
Nonprogrammed=
Programmed=

6. Organizational Decision Making
What is it?
Four models
Management Science Approach
Carnegie Model
Incremental Decision Making Process
Garbage Can Model

7. Management Science Approach
Similar to rational individual approach
Structured
Technology

8. Carnegie Model Coalitions Why use coalitions? Implications
Satisfication
Short-term outlook
Discussion and bargaining
Problem identification and implementation strategies

9. Incremental Decision Process Model
Focuses on sequence of events from problem discovery to solution

11. Learning Organizations
What are they?
How are they different from other organizations?
Two Approaches to Decision Making
Combine Incremental Process & Carnegie Models
Garbage Can Model

12. Garbage Can Model Extremely organic environments Three Causes
Problematic preferences
Unclear, poorly understood technology
Turnover

13. Garbage Can Model Stream of Events Consequences Problems
Potential solutions
Participants
Choice opportunities
Consequences

14. Garbage Can Model

15. Contingency Decision-Making
Two dimensions
Problem consensus
Technical knowledge about solutions

17. Special Decision Circumstances
High Velocity Environments
Characteristics
How to overcome them
Decision Making & Learning
Escalating Commitment
Why does it happen?