1. You have exactly 5 minutes to finish the lab from last week
You have exactly 5 minutes to finish the lab from last week. Please find your paper and start working. When the alarm goes off, I will pick up your paper. You will also need your ISN today, so get it out and be ready to move on after 5 minutes.

2. Breaking down matter
Please fill in the following under your first warm up page
Use a hands lens to examine a sugar cube.
Write down 4 Qualitative Observations.
Examine the tiniest sugar particle you can. Write down its physical properties.
What do you notice about the original sugar cube and the smallest particle?
Is the smallest particle still considered sugar?
What physical change has taken place?

4. The Atoms Family
The Atoms Family was created by Kathleen Crawford, Presentation developed by Tracy Trimpe, 2006,

6. 1st Verse:
They’re tiny and they’re teeny,
Much smaller than a beany,
They never can be seeny,
The Atoms Family.
Chorus
2nd Verse:
Together they make gases,
And liquids like molasses,
And all the solid masses,
The Atoms Family
3rd Verse:
Neutrons can be found,
Where protons hang around;
Electrons they surround
The Atoms Family.
Chorus
Chorus:
They are so small.
(Snap, snap)
They’re round like a ball.
They make up the air.
They’re everywhere.
Can’t see them at all.

7. The Atoms Family Story
In the center of Matterville, there is a place called the Nucleus Arcade, where two members of the Atoms Family like to hang out. Perky Patty Proton, like her sisters, is quite large with a huge smile and eyes that sparkle (+). Patty is always happy and has a very positive personality. Nerdy Nelda Neutron is large like Patty, but she has a boring, flat mouth and eyes with zero expression (o). Her family is very apathetic and neutral about everything. Patty, Nelda, and their sisters spend all their time at the arcade.
Name:
Patty Proton
Description:
Positive
Favorite Activity:
Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade
Name:
Nelda Neutron
Description:
Neutral
Favorite Activity:
Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade

8. Around the Nucleus Arcade, you will find a series of roadways that are used by another member of the Atoms Family, Enraged Elliott Electron. Elliott races madly around the Arcade on his bright red chrome-plated Harley-Davidson. He rides so fast that no one can be sure where he is at any time. Elliott is much smaller than Patty and Nelda and he is always angry because these bigger relatives will not let him in the Arcade. He has a frown on his face, eyes that are squinted with anger, and a very negative (-) attitude.
Name:
Elliott Electron
Description:
Negative
Favorite Activity:
Racing around the arcade

9. The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers
The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers. The second energy street, called the Energy Freeway, can hold 8 brothers. The third energy street, called the Energy Superhighway, can hold 18 of the brothers.
Matterville
Energy Superhighway Can hold 18 electrons
Energy Freeway Can hold 8 electrons
Nucleus Arcade Contains protons & neutrons
Energy Street Can hold 2 electrons

10. The morale of Matterville is stable as long as each negative Electron brother is balanced out by one positive Proton sister. The number of residents in Matterville depends on the Proton and Neutron families.
Challenge: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron was kidnapped?

11. Challenge 2: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron moved to Matterville?

12. They’re tiny and they’re teeny,
Much smaller than a beany,
They never can be seeny,
The Atoms Family.

13. They’re round like a ball. They make up the air. They’re everywhere.
They are so small.
(Snap, snap)
They’re round like a ball.
They make up the air.
They’re everywhere.
Can’t see them at all.

14. Together they make gases,
And liquids like molasses,
And all the solid masses,
The Atoms Family

15. They’re round like a ball. They make up the air. They’re everywhere.
They are so small.
(Snap, snap)
They’re round like a ball.
They make up the air.
They’re everywhere.
Can’t see them at all.

16. Neutrons can be found,
Where protons hang around;
Electrons they surround
The Atoms Family.

17. They’re round like a ball. They make up the air. They’re everywhere.
They are so small.
(Snap, snap)
They’re round like a ball.
They make up the air.
They’re everywhere.
Can’t see them at all.

18. 8.5A
Describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud

19. Chemistry?
Please define the following words in your ISN using the atoms family song and your textbook. Label the page Chemistry Vocab. We will be adding to your notes throughout the week.

20. Make a new entry in your table of contents and label it Plastic Bag Lab. Copy the chart below. Go to your lab table and get started.
What happened when you brought the following materials near each other?
Materials
Attract or Repel
Use what you know about electrons, protons, and charges to explain your observations
Charged plastic + Charged Skin
Charged plastic + neutral desk
Charged plastic + charged plastic

21. Vocab Element Atom Proton Neutron Electron Atomic Number Mass Number
Electron Cloud
Isotopes
Average Atomic Mass
Vocab

22. Element- A basic Substance that can’t be simplified
Atom- the smallest amount of an element
Proton- Positive Charge (1+), Located in the nucleus, same mass as a neutron
Neutron- neutral charge (0), located in the nucleus, together the protons and neutrons make up the most of the mass of an atom

23. Electron- Negative charge (1-), located in the electron cloud around the nucleus
Atomic Number-The number of protons in an atom of an element
Mass Number- The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

24. Electron Cloud- Located around the nucleus, it is where all of the electrons are located
Isotopes- Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Average Atomic Mass- Average mass of the element’s isotopes, weighted according to the abundance of each isotope

25. Isotope Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14 Abundance 98.89% <1.11%
<0.01%
Protons 6
Neutrons 7 8
Mass Number 12 13 14

26. The Atoms Family - Atomic Math Challenge
Atomic Number
Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
protons
electrons
Atomic number equals the number of ____________ or ________________.
protons
neutrons
Atomic mass equals the number of ______________ + _______________.

28. Practice

29. 8.5B protons and electrons
The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

30. Valence Electrons
Fill Me Up!!
Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
Atoms combine so that their valence shells are full of electrons.
This means two things:
If a neutral atom’s valence shell is full, then the atom will not react with  other atoms.
If a neutral atom’s valence shell has space available, then the atom will  react with other atoms based on the number of electrons found in the  valence shell.
Three generalizations:
Some atoms only need 1, 2, or 3 more electrons to fill the valence shell.
Some atoms need to remove 1, 2, or 3 electrons to have the energy layer full
Some atoms tend to react with other atoms in a way electrons are shared rather than giving up or receiving electrons.

31. Looking at your periodic table, answer the following questions:
How many protons does Iron have? How do you know?
How many electrons does Potassium have? How do you know?
How many neutrons does Neon have? How do you know?

32. Can you create a Bohr Model for the first 18 elements in your ISN.

33. The Atoms Family - Atomic Math Challenge
Atomic Number
Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Number of Protons = Number of Electrons
Atomic Number = Number of Protons
Atomic Mass or Mass Number = No. of Protons + No of Neutrons
To calculate:
Number of neutrons = Mass Number - No. of protons

35. 8.5C periodic table
The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements group
period

36. Periodic Table Arrangement

37. Vocab
Please use your book to write vocab definitions in your own words in your ISN under the chemistry Vocabulary page.
Periodic Table -Valence Electrons
Dmitri Mendeleev
Group Noble Gases
Period Stable Atoms
Metal Unstable Atoms
Nonmetal Compounds
Metalloids
Chemical Bond

38. Periodic Table- an organized table that lists all of the elements
DMitri Mendeleev- Responsible for creating the periodic table
Group- A column in the periodic table
Period- A row in the periodic table
Metals- 75% of the periodic table are metals, located on left side and in the middle, all metals are shiny and conduct thermal energy and electricity

39. Nonmetals- Located on the right side of the periodic table (exception is hydrogen), many are gases and they do NOT conduct thermal energy or electricity
Metalloids- Located between metals and nonmetals, have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Chemical Bond- Force that holds 2 or more atoms together
Valence electrons- the outermost electron of an atom that participates in chemical bonding

40. Noble Gases- elements in group 18, with the exception of helium, noble gases are chemically stable. They do not easily react, or form bonds, with other elements.
Unstable Atoms- Reactive, becomes stable by forming chemical bonds with other atoms

41. Paste the periodic table in your ISN.
Make a new entry in your Table of Contents and title it Periodic Table.
Paste the periodic table in your ISN.
Label the following on your periodic table:
Group
Period
Valence Electrons
Color the following:
Metals (blue)
Nonmetals (yellow)
Metalloids (Green)
Noble Gases (purple)
Make a legend

42. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!!
The key number for the valence shell is the number “8”.
Atoms combine so that their valence shells are full of electrons.
Called the octet rule. (oct = 8 like octopus!)
The number “2” is also a key number
 Only for the atoms hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, and  boron.
Look at your Bohr Models and answer the following:
How many valence electrons does hydrogen, Lithium, and sodium have?

43. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!! This means two things:
If a neutral atom’s valence shell is full, then the atom will not react with  other atoms.
If a neutral atom’s valence shell has space available, then the atom will  react with other atoms based on the number of electrons found in the  valence shell.

44. Valence Electrons Fill Me Up!! Three generalizations:
Some atoms only need 1, 2, or 3 more electrons to fill the valence shell.
 (they will accept electrons from other atoms!)
Some atoms need to remove 1, 2, or 3 electrons to have the energy layer below full.
 (they will give away electrons to other atoms!)
Some atoms tend to react with other atoms in a way electrons are shared rather than giving up or receiving electrons.

47. Energy Levels
Electrons in energy levels closest to the nucleus are strongly attracted to it.
Electrons in energy levels farthest from the nucleus have a weak attraction to the nucleus. The outermost electrons are involved in chemical bonds

48. Who am I? practice I am an element found in group 2 period 3.
Mg- magnesium

49. Who am I? practice I am an element found in group 2 period 3.
I am element with an ionic charge of -1 found in period 2. Explain your answer.
I am an element found in period 3 with no ionic charge. Explain your answer.

50. I am element with an ionic charge of -1 found in period 2
I am element with an ionic charge of -1 found in period 2. Explain your answer.
(F) flourine is found in period (row) 2 and wants to gain a valence electron to become stable
Best if Flourine gains an electron to be stable making it F-

51. I am an element found in period 3 with no ionic charge
I am an element found in period 3 with no ionic charge. Explain your answer.
Argon (Ar) is found in period (row) 3 and is a stable element since it is in group 18.

52. Uses:
Treats arthritis
cleansing flux in welding
mild antiseptic
cockroaches, silverfish, ants, fleas, and other insects.
rockets (as an igniter)
pyrotechnic flares

53. Warm up Na Cl Draw atom structure Provide its periodic table info
How many valence electrons does it have?
What group is it in?
Draw atom structure
Provide its periodic table info
How many valence electrons does it have?
What group is it in?

54. Na sodium Cl chlorine
1 ve-
Found in group 1
7 ve-
Found in group 7A

55. Sodium gives its valence electron to chlorine to make NaCl (table salt)
Loses an e-
Gains e-
Na+
Cl-
Na loses an electron so
it has a + ionic charge
Cl gains an electron so it has
a – ionic charge

56. •. I am a metal with one valence electron found in period 2. Who am I
• I am a metal with one valence electron found in period 2. Who am I? Am I an ion? If so, what’s my charge? Lithium +1 charge

57. I am a metalloid with 5 protons. Who am I. Am I an ion
I am a metalloid with 5 protons. Who am I? Am I an ion? If so, what’s my charge?
Boron +3 charge

58. I am a noble gas found in period 2. Who am I
I am a noble gas found in period 2. Who am I? Neon is not an ion because its stable

59. Chemical equation reactants product Fe + O2 --→ Fe2O3 Fe= 1 Fe=2
O= O=3
This is unbalanced equation! It does not follow the Law of conservation of mass!