1. Do Now
Now: Grab your novels and read for 10 minutes. Remember to respond to at least one question on your reading response sheet.
Then: Work on this week’s vocabulary list:
Keep in mind that this is the last cycle of the semester. Are YOU going to do EVERYTHING in YOUR power to ace this cycle and pass this course???

2. Universal Patterns in Literature
Archetypes
Universal Patterns in
Literature

3. Why do we tell stories?
To help us escape reality by entering a world where the good guy wins, the forces of evil are defeated, and love conquers all.
To help define roles of “good” and “evil” --heroes and villains-- so that we can better recognize those with similar morals and motives in our real lives.

4. Storytelling is essential for the survival of humanity and provides hope.
Stories connect us with our cultural and spiritual past. They help us understand many of our accepted traditions and rituals.
They allow us to tell our own stories to others and, using archetypes, help us better relate to the stories of others.

5. But what is an Archetype? And what does it have to do with Heroes?

6. A Simple Definition…
According to the American Heritage Online Dictionary…an archetype is an original model or type which other similar things are patterned after, in other words a prototype or first model for all others.
Example: Frankenstein and Dracula are both archetypes that have influenced subsequent horror story characters – i.e. Freddy Krueger, Jason, Michael Myers, etc.

7. Let’s start with the two guys who came up with the concept:
Joseph Campbell
Carl Jung

8. Carl Jung first applied the term archetype to literature
Carl Jung first applied the term archetype to literature. He recognized that there were universal patterns in all stories and mythologies regardless of culture or historical period and hypothesized that part of the human mind contained a collective unconscious shared by all members of the human species, a sort of universal, primal memory.
Joseph Campbell took Jung’s ideas and applied them to world mythologies. In A Hero with a Thousand Faces, among other works, he refined the concept of hero and the hero’s journey—George Lucas used Campbell’s writings to formulate the Star Wars saga. Recognizing archetypal patterns in literature brings patterns we all unconsciously respond to in similar ways to a conscious level.

9. The term archetype can be applied to:
An image
A theme
A symbol
An idea
A character type
A plot pattern

10. Archetypes can be expressed in
Myths
Dreams
Literature
Religions
Fantasies
Folklore

11. What Archetypes Are You?
Go to:
Reflect on your life and take the psychological archetypes quiz.
Post your top five traits on our class padlet:

12. Characteristics of archetypes:
Shared with all of humanity
Connects us to past and future
Express themselves in various forms
Grow out of people’s social, psychological and biological beings
Universal & keep common traits
Cannot be explained by interactions among cultures
Recurrent, happen over all generations & cultures

13. It’s a bird! It’s a plane! It’s an…archetype!

14. The Hero Hero=male Heroine = female
This archetype embodies key traits valued by it’s originating culture.
Generally superhuman
Able to perform extraordinary deeds for others

15. The Young Person from the Provinces
Hero/heroine is taken away as a young person
Raised by strangers
Later returns home where he/she is a stranger who can see new problems and solutions.

16. The Initiates
Young hero/heroine who, prior to their quest, goes through training and ceremony
Usually innocent and often wear white

17. The Tragic Hero
An honorable protagonist with a tragic flaw (aka fatal flaw)
This flaw leads to his or her demise
The death of the tragic hero saves others in the story.

18. The Anti-Hero
A character that has some characteristic that are anti-ethical
Performs “heroic” acts that are not done in heroic ways.

19. Onto the ladies… Female Archetypes

20. Mother Goddess Ideas of nourishment and creation
Worshipped as a source of life
Has the ability to give new birth to objects that seem dead

21. The Temptress Sensual beauty
Protagonist is physically attracted to her
She ultimately brings about his downfall

22. The Platonic Ideal Source of inspiration & spiritual ideal
Protagonist has intellectual rather than physical attraction toward her

23. The Unfaithful Wife/Friend
Married to a man she sees as dull
Attracted to a more desirable man

24. Damsel in Distress Vulnerable woman Must be rescued by the hero
Often used to ensnare the hero

25. In General… Character Archetypes

26. The Trickster A “wise-fool,” rascal who looks out for himself
Inventive agent whose actions can benefit human society
Symbolizes humans’ excess & outrageousness

27. Mentors Serve as teachers or counselors to the initiates
Sometimes role models and parental figure

28. Group of Companions
Loyal companions willing to face any perils in order to be together

29. Loyal Retainers Protect the hero/heroine
Reflect the nobility of the hero/heroine
Somewhat like servants
Heroic themselves

30. The Friendly Beast
Animal that befriends man

31. Evil Figure with Good Heart
Redeemable devil figure
Saved by nobility (or love) of the hero/heroine

32. The Outcast
Banished from social group for some crime against fellow people
Destined to become a wanderer

33. The Devil Figure Evil incarnate
Offers worldly goods (fame/knowledge) in exchange for their soul

34. The Scapegoat
Public punishment and/or death gets rid of a sin that has been visited upon a community

35. The Creature of the Nightmare
Monster
Usually summoned from the deepest, darkest part of human psyche to threaten the hero/heroine.

36. Homework
Vocabulary.com
Apex