1. Introduction to transformations

2. Introduction to transformations
If a shape is transformed, its appearance is
changed. This can be done in different
ways. These changes can be:
Translation
Rotation
Reflection

3. Congruent shapes
Congruent means identical in shape
and size.

4. Translation
When you translate a shape, you can move it up or down or from side to side, but do not change its appearance in any other way.
When a shape is translated, each of the vertices (corners) must be moved in exactly the same way.

5. Translation

6. Which shapes are translations of triangle A?
                                                                             

7. Answers

8. Rotation
If you put a piece of paper on a table and place your pen in the middle of it, you can rotate the paper while keeping the pen in a fixed position.
In doing this you are rotating the paper about its centre.

9. Rotation

10. Reflection
If you look in a mirror, you see your own image. You (the object) and your image appear to be the same distance from the mirror.
An object and its image are always the same perpendicular distance from the mirror line.
Look at the following examples:

11. Reflection

13. Let’s practice together