1. Revolution and Constitution

2. Reading of the Declaration of Independence from the State house in Boston

3. Ok, so we fought a War for Independence, now what laws will govern this country?

4. What are the Articles of Confederation?
1st US Constitution
“Firm league of friendship”
Too weak to govern effectively
More like 13 different countries.
Gov’t under Articles could NOT
Tax
Raise army
Coin money
Could only
Pass laws if 9/13 colonies agreed
Change Articles if all agreed
Failure!

5. So…the Articles of Confederation were tossed…Intro the Constitution

7. The Constitution divides Government into 3 parts, or branches…
3 branches of government
Branch 1 Legislative = Congress
Branch 2 Executive = President
Branch 3 Judicial = Supreme Court

8. Branch #1 = Legislative Leader = Congress
Congress is made up of 2 houses
1. Senate – 2 equal votes
2. House of Representative – based on population
Main Function (JOB): Make Laws
Legislative = Law making

9. Congress
Congress is made up of 2 houses

10. The Senate = 100 members

11. The House of Representatives = 435 members

12. Branch #2 = Executive Leader = President
President, Vice President, and Cabinet
Main Function (JOB): Enforces Laws
Makes sure the laws Congress makes are followed by all Americans

13. The White House

14. Presidents

15. Branch #3 = Judicial Leader = Supreme Court
9 Supreme Court Judges
Main Function (JOB):
Interprets Laws or Settle Disputes
Makes sure the laws Congress makes follows the Constitution

16. The Supreme Court Justices

17. The Supreme Court

18. Compromises/Ratification – How it Came to Be
Our founding fathers fought about what the Constitution should and shouldn’t say, so it became a “bundle of compromises”
3/5 Compromise
Great Compromise
Electoral College

19. Census Year
North or South
1790
All States
694,207
Connecticut
North
2,648
Delaware
8,887
Georgia
South
29,264
Kentucky
12,430
Maryland
103,036
New Hampshire
157
New Jersey
11,423
New York
21,193
North Carolina
100,783
Pennsylvania
3,707
Rhode Island
958
South Carolina
107,094
Virginia
292,627

20. Three-Fifths Compromise
Southern states wanted to count all their slaves when determining population
Why?
North refused…
Agreed that the states count 3/5 of their slave population (60%)

21. Great Compromise Small vs. Large states
Small wanted equal number membership
Large wanted based on states population
Agreed to have two house congress
One with equal members-Senate
One represented state size- House of Reps

22. Electoral College
Rather than win by popular vote, Presidents must win the largest number of Electors.
Each state is given the number of Electors it was in both houses of Congress.
# House of Rep + 2 Senators=Electors

23. Nominee
George W. Bush
Al Gore
Party
Republican
Democratic
Home state
Texas
Tennessee
Electoral vote
271
266
Popular vote
50,456,002
50,999,897
% of Popular Vote
47.9%
48.4%
% of Electoral Vote
50.1 %
49.9

24. Nominee
Barack Obama
John McCain
Party
Democratic
Republican
Home state
Illinois
Arizona
Electoral vote
365
173
Popular vote
69,456,897
59,934,814
% of Popular Vote
52.9%
45.7%
% of Electoral Vote
67.8%
32.2%

25. Debate… Federalists Anti-Federalists
Liked Const. balance of power between states and federal gov’t
Alexander Hamilton
John Jay
James Madison
Believed Const. was too strong
Wanted states to have more rights
Patrick Henry
George Mason
Demanded Bill of Rights

27. Bill of Rights
Federalists agreed to add “Bill of Rights” to the Const.
Spelled out personal liberties
Rights gov’t can’t take away
Native Americans, slaves, women excluded

28. Explain the different compromises that made up the Constitution.
Summary
Explain the different compromises that made up the Constitution.