1. What is the difference between weathering, erosion, and deposition?
Erosion is picking up and carrying sediment, deposition is dropping the sediment off somewhere new
Sedimentary Review

2. What is the difference between clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks?
Clastic are made of sediments from other preexisting rocks, chemical combine rocks due to water (dissolved sediments left behind)
Sedimentary Review

3. Sedimentary Review What is compaction?
Sediments are pressed together due to the weight of them being on top of each other
Sedimentary Review

4. Name some special features that sedimentary rocks can have that help show where they came from, or what was going on when they formed?
Strata (layers), fossils, ripple marks
Sedimentary Review

5. Metamorphic

8. Metamorphism Metamorphism- Transformation (Butterflies)
Parent Rock- What you started out with before metamorphism
Most geologic metamorphism occurs between the upper mantle, and a few kilometers below the surface
All because it requires a lot of heat and pressure
Metamorphism

9. Contact- Magma gets close enough to local areas of rocks to heat them up and alter them. Typically small changes
Marble from Limestone
Regional- Occurs over large areas of the Earth’s crust. Mountain building and other tectonic movements. Very high pressure and heat making major changes
Types of Metamorphism

11. Agents of Metamorphism
Heat- Most important because it drives chemical reactions and softens the rock to allow it to recrystallize.
The temperature needed to change it all depends on what the rock is made of.
As you move down, temperature tends to increase Celsius per kilometer
Crystals become unstable at temperatures higher than they were formed at
Agents of Metamorphism

12. Agents of Metamorphism
Pressure
Confining pressure- due to burial, pressure is equal from all sides. Increases with depth. Makes rocks more compact and dense
Directed pressure- more pressure from one way than others. Mountain building, creates folds in the rock
Agents of Metamorphism

13. Agents of Metamorphism
Fluid
Hydrothermal- Hot water dissolves minerals and encourages recrystallization by taking away old ones and adding new minerals
Often means it’s a change in the overall composition of the rock
Agents of Metamorphism

14. Foliated
Has a layered appearance
Classification

15. Non-Foliated
Has no layered appearance
Classification

16. Metamorphic Lab For each rock- Something unique about the rock
Foliated or non-foliated
Is there evidence of the parent rock? (can you tell the parts it’s made of?)
Metamorphic Lab