1. Temple of Julius Caesar
Grace Costello

3. History
Construction begun by Augustus in 42 BC after senate deified Caesar posthumously
Dedicated the temple to father on August 18,29 BC after the Battle of Actium (naval battle: Augustus (Octavian) vs Cleopatra and Mark Antony)
Built on the cite of Caesar’s cremation
Caesar was the first resident of Rome to be deified and given a temple as a result
“Temple of the Comet Star:” a comet appeared some time after Caesar’s murder, said to be the deified soul of Caesar symbolizing “new birth” as Augustus gained power

4. Temple Layout
High platform that supported temple served as a rostra with the beaks of the ships from the Battle of Actium used as decoration
Podium held up by rostra with staircase
Much of the temple remained intact until the marble and stone was used to construct palaces and churches in 15th Century
Only parts of the cement core of the platform have been preserved
Not sure of style, most likely Corinthian with 6 pillars in the front
Temple destroyed in a fire during the reign of Septimius Serverus, then rebuilt

5. Decoration
One statue in the center of the frontal pediment and two on either corners
Fire tongues decorated all around pediment in Etruscan style to represent the comet event
Niche and altar in front

6. Reconstruction Statues on frontal pediment Comet tongues
Corinthian pillars
niche
altar

7. Present day View from behind Remains of the altar
View from behind
Remains of the altar

8. Temple of Vespasian

10. History
Dedicated to the deified Vespasian and his son the deified Titus
Begun by Titus in 79 AD after the death of his father
Titus’ brother Domitian completed the temple and dedicated it to both his brother and father in 87 AD
Purpose was to honor the Flavian Dynasty and the family that ruled at the time, ensure that they would be honored through a ceremony of apotheosis

11. Structure Corinthian order Hexastyle (six pillars spanning a portico)
Particularly narrow due to limited space
In a small space between the temple and the Concord, a two story brick vaulted room lined with marble was built against the Tabularium (dedicated to Titus)
Foundation made of tufa concrete, core of podium made of white marble
The cella walls were lined with expensive foreign marbles
Interior highly ornate with sacred objects and symbols

12. Reconstruction

13. Present Day Remaining pillars
Pediment inside the Tabularium next to temple

14. Citations
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