1. Frank Deppisch, Ralph Engel, Paolo Lipari, James Pinfold
GGI workshop:”Colliders Physics and the Cosmos” (25th -29th September 2017) Collider Physics, High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos (25th -29th September 2017) A summary of the main points
Frank Deppisch, Ralph Engel, Paolo Lipari, James Pinfold

2. The Talks Neutrinos, 0nbb and the LHC – Frank Deppisch
Searching for Monopoles and Other Exotica at Colliders and in Cosmic Rays – James Pinfold
From the Knee to the Ankle – What Astroparticle physics and Collider physics together can say about the main features of the cosmic ray energy spectrum – Paolo Lipari
Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Hadronic Interactions Part 1: Cosmic-Ray Physics – Ralph Engel
Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Hadronic Interactions Part 2: Particle Physics Aspects – Ralph Engel

3. Neutrinos, 0nbb and the LHC
Neutrinos much lighter than other fermions
Dirac or Majorana? Lepton Number Violation?
◦Neutrino masses need BSM physics, but at what scale?
Neutrino physics is BSM physics
Neutrino mass models can be searched for at LHC
Wide range of scenarios and signatures
Observation of LNV processes
Likely pinpoints the origin of neutrino mass generation
Can falsify high scale baryogenesis scenarios
Important information for model selection, e.g.
Observation of 0nbb
Observation of LNV at the LHC

7. Searching for Monopoles and Other Exotica at Colliders and in Cosmic Rays
MoEDAL is the newest experiment at the LHC that started data taking at √s=13 Tev in 2015
Aim to search for highly ionizing avatars of new physics, very long- lived particles and highly penetrating phenomena
Complementary to general purpose LHC detectors ATLAS & CMS
The search for the magnetic monopole uo to 6-7 TeV mass is a key aim, but many others defined (Int.J.Mod.Phys. A29 (2014) )
Possible use of MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Long-Lived particles) subdetector detector propoed at this meeting, for
Searching for heavy sterile neutrinos (RE: Frank’s talk)
High energy muons studies useful in understanding cosmic muons may be possible – the possibility arose from the meeting (RE: Ralph’s 2nd talk on the muon problem)

10. MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles (MAPP)
MAPP will be able to take data in p-p, p-A,A-A and also fixed target interactions using SMOG (an internal gas target in LHCb)
MAPP has three motivations
To search for particles with charges <<1e (ATLAS & CMS limited to searches with particles of charge e ≥ 1/3)
To search for new pseudo-stable neutrals with long lifetime and anomalously penetrating particles

11. Cosmic-MoEDAL
With a high altitude, large area array using same Nuclear Track Detector Technology used in MoEDAL we can extend the search for monopoles from the LHC’s TeV scale to the GUT scale.
Such a array can also search for other exotic cosmic particles: Q-balls, nuclearites, primordial black holes, microscopic black hole remnants and other highly ionizing particles produced in UHECR air showers
A good example of the synergy between collider and cosmic ray physics that is the topic of this meeting
The initial planning is now underway

13. From the Knee to the Ankle…....
Overview of the landscape of cosmic ray air shower physics and its synergy with particle physics
Uncertainties in the air shower models
Need to include diffraction, elastic scattering, etc.
“An understanding of the origin of the positron and antiproton fluxes is of central importance for High Energy Astrophysics”
The e-, e+, p-bar spectra found from AMS, PAMELA, etc.
What can we learn from the ration of e+/p-bar – why are they similar (e+/p-bar ~ 2 at E > 30 GeV)?
Is there a secondary origin for both fluxes
Is he energy dependence of the e-/p fluxes NOT the effect of propagation, but formed at injection?
Is there a new source of positrons to compensate for energy loss of positrons?
Will the spectrum turn down? Etc.

15. Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Hadronic Interactions Part 1: Cosmic-Ray Physics
AUGER and TA description and differences
What is the origin of the flux suppression at 6x1019 eV?
Composition estimate using rise time of signal and shower fluctuations
Composition dependence changing with energy
Change of model predictions thanks to LHC data
Proton-air cross-sections
Large Scale anisotropy
Transition from galactic to extragalactic CRs
Photon and neutrino fluxes at very high energies
TA x 4 Project and AugerPrime status and physics reach

23. Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Hadronic Interactions Part 2: (1)
Composition interpretation essential for understanding astrophys
LHC data of central importance for more reliable composition interpretation
Good collaboration between members of CR community & LHC/HEP
Feedback from air-shower observations, CR int. models successful at LHC
Cosmic ray data at eV likely not protons (except exotic physics)
p interactions as major uncertainty for muon discrepancy id’ed
Need measurement of energy dependence of ρ0 production
Consistent description at lower energy, transition to direct measurements
Forward charm production of increasing interest
Primary flux composition also directly linked to inclusive lepton fluxes

24. Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Hadronic Interactions Part 2: (2)
So far models only tuned for p-p interactions (& partially p-Pb, Pb-Pb)
Models with similar p-p predictions differ significantly for p-O
EG: difference in multiplicity prediction of models corresponds to
difference between p and He of cosmic ray particles (ΔXma ~20 g/cm2)
Forward particle production in p-O essentially unknown
Peripheral collisions in p-O much more important than in p-Pb
Model predictions give only lower limit to real uncertainty due to similar assumptions,
need data to estimate real uncertainty