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The Birth of Islam Pgs 286-291.

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Presentation on theme: "The Birth of Islam Pgs 286-291."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Birth of Islam Pgs

2 Muhammad Born in 570AD in Mecca Orphaned at 6, raised by his Uncle
Leader of the Qurayrsh Very powerful tribe Worked leading caravans across trade routes. Known as “Al-Amin” - the honest Married Khadija Wealthy widow, had 3 daughters and adopted his cousin Ali as his son.

3 Muhammad’s Revelation
Praying (mediating) in a cave outside Mecca. The angel Gabriel appears in a dream. Gabriel tells Muhammad that he is a prophet. Revealed that there is no God but Allah. Started the religion of Islam – people who follow Muhammad were known as Muslim.

4 The Revelation

5 Mecca – Holy City A main trading city
People prayed at the Kaaba – “cube” Square-shaped temple that holds a sacred black rock and the gods & goddesses of the tribes.

6 The Religion of Islam Muhammad wanted people to give up their old gods/goddesses and follow Allah. Started to teach others about Allah, and people began to follow his ideas. Meccan tradespeople were angry because they thought that they would lose business. Criticized their way of life.

7 Hijra Meccan leaders were threatening him, Muhammed leaves.
Travels to Medina in 622. Religious leader in Medina. The trip from Mecca to Medina (the hijra) starts the Islamic calendar. Many people started to follow him in Medina.

8 Return to Mecca Muhammad returns to Mecca with 10,000 followers and takes over the city. Smashes the idols in the Kaaba.

9 The Death of the Prophet
Muhammad dies in 632 AD after uniting most of Arabia. His followers wrote down his teachings after his death. Called the Quran (Koran, Qur’an)

10 Quran Holy book of Islam
Contains the revelations of Allah to Muhammad AND Serves as a guide for living to the Muslims. Final revelations of Allah.

11 Five Pillars of Islam Five duties of every Muslim:
Believe in one God, Allah Pray five times (facing Mecca) each day Give to those in need Fasting during Ramadan Go on a hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca at least once.

12 Islam Grows Islam spreads quickly through the Middle East.
5 billion Muslims today Islam varies from country to country. No clergy Ramadan is a month long fast

13 Mecca

14 Women in Islam In the Quran, and in Muhammad’s teachings, women are equal to men. In daily life, women do not have many rights. Public life is restrictive. Family life is more open.

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