1. Blockchain: The Future of Healthcare Data?
Dr Robert M. Learney PhD MBBS
Centre for Cryptocurrency Research and Engineering
Imperial College London

2. Blockchain: The Future of Healthcare Data?
Dr Robert M. Learney PhD MBBS
Centre for Cryptocurrency Research and Engineering
Imperial College London

3. Distributed Ledgers: The Future of Healthcare Data?
Dr Robert M. Learney PhD MBBS
Centre for Cryptocurrency Research and Engineering
Imperial College London

4. Meet the Team Will Knottenbelt Cathy Mulligan Rob Learney Melek Somai
Professor of
Applied Quant.
Analysis
Cathy Mulligan
Smart Cities
Telecoms
Government Advisor
Rob Learney
Bioengineering
Future of Medicine
Melek Somai
Public Health
Digital Transformation
Iain Stewart
Mathematics of
Security & Scaling

5. Triple Aims of Healthcare
Experience of Care
Population Health
Per Capita Costs
DM Berwick, Health Affairs

6. Core Elements Patient Involvement Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration
DM Berwick, Health Affairs

7. How to Connect the Dots?

8. The ‘Integrator’ Patient Involvement Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration

9. Local Population Needs Emphasis on Prevention
Patient Involvement
Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration

14. The ‘Integrator’ Patient Involvement Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration

15. The ‘Integrator’ Patient Involvement Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration

16. The Future of Healthcare is Data

17. All Driven By Data Patient Involvement Local Population Needs
Emphasis on Prevention
Financial Management
Macro-System Integration

18. Imagine: Healthcare in 2027
Alim 26
Married
1 Young Child
Works at a Supermarket

19. Imagine: Healthcare in 2027
Alim 26
Married
1 Young Child
Works at a Supermarket
Severe Asthma

20. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

21. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

22. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

23. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

24. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

25. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

26. Alim’s Healthcare Journey

27. Alim’s Healthcare Journey$
Sells data back to watch manufacturer
Sells data to inhaler manufacturer

28. Alim’s Healthcare Journey
Every healthcare encounter is still an experiment

29. Millions of Patients
Millions of Journeys

30. NHS Atlas of Variation in Healthcare, Public Health England
Sept. 2016

31. Artificial Intelligences / Expert Systems
Healthcare Records
Devices & Software
Doesn’t have to be sinister
Can design systems so it’s not possible to be sinister

32. Artificial Intelligences / Expert Systems
Healthcare Records
Devices & Software
Doesn’t have to be sinister
Can design systems so it’s not possible to be sinister

33. Roadblocks to Progress
Identity Management System
Secure Data Storage
Secure Backup System
Legal Compliance
Data Formats
Communication Protocols
APIs
Repetition &
Reinvention
Opaque/Absent
Standards
It’s like going back to scratch each time you want to create a new healthcare app, service or product

34. Roadblocks to Progress
Identity Management System
Secure Data Storage
Secure Backup System
Legal Compliance
Data Formats
Communication Protocols
APIs
Repetition &
Reinvention
Opaque/Absent
Standards
It’s like going back to scratch each time you want to create a new healthcare app, service or product

35. N-Squared Problem of APIsC D E F G H I
Image of table

36. Monopoly Pressures

38. Permissionless Innovation
Healthcare Service
Established Companies
Patients
Companies
New
New entrants, established companies, patients and the NHS all able to take part and benefit from the healthcare economy

39. What is Distributed Ledger Technology?

46. Key Features of DLT: High availability Synchronised records
Secure against intrusion
Cryptographic keys
Impossible to alter history

47. Cryptographic Signatures
Core Components
DLT
P2P Message Passing
Cryptographic Signatures
Distributed Copies
Consensus Mechanism

48. DLT vs. Blockchain

49. DLT Permissions Closed Group Traditional Systems PAXOS PBFT
New Systems
Hyperledger
Open Group
Blockchains
Bitcoin
Ethereum
Tangles
IOTA
Permissions

50. One Possible System

51. A Patient Chain

52. A Patient Chain
Healthcare
Events
Root Identity

55. Time
Place
Patient
Provider

56. Antibiotic Prescription

57. Asthma Management App

58. Asthma Management AI

59. Re-Imagining Radiology

60. Process
Request
X-Ray

61. Government Financial Control AI
Bid
Offer
Marketplace
Government Financial Control AI

62. Data
Location

63. Request
Logged +

64. Request
Logged +
Proxy
Re-Encryption

65. Remaining Issues Who should be allowed to read/write?
Who should process and store (act as nodes)?
What automatic permissions built in?
Digital identities for healthcare practitioners?
Transitioning legacy systems?
Novel architecture

66. In Conclusion

67. DLT in Healthcare Always available, distributed records
Access controlled by cryptographic keys
Standardised message passing
Audit trail embedded into system
Unable to hide illegal views or sharing
Permissionless innovation

69. Asthma Management AI
Traffic Monitoring AI
Air Pollution AI

70. Request
Logged