1. The Kidney

2. The Kidneys You have two of them – the size of your fist!
Located in the middle of your back, right at the 12th rib.

3. Function to…. Regulate the composition of your blood
Keep the concentrations of various ions and other important substances constant
Keep the volume of water in your body constant
Remove wastes from your body (urea, ammonia, drugs, toxic substances)
Keep the acid/base concentration of your blood constant
Help regulate your blood pressure
Stimulate the making of red blood cells (Erythropoietin)
Maintain your body's calcium levels
Metabolizes Vitamin D to the active form your body can use.

4. Blood Flow Your kidneys receive the blood from the renal artery
process it
return the processed blood to the body through the renal vein and­ remove the wastes and other unwanted substances in the urine.
Label the renal artery, renal vein

5. Structures of the Kidney
Renal Capsule
tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney
Renal Cortex
The outer part of the kidney
Contains the renal corpuscles and renal tubules

6. Structures of the Kidney
Medulla –
Innermost part of the kidney
Split into the Renal Pyramids (Medullary Pyramids
contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood.
Loop of Henle
Collecting Tubule
Space between the pyramids is known as the renal column

7. Structures of the Kidney
Calyx-
Moves urine from collecting duct to renal pelvis
Renal Pelvis-
The point of convergence of the calyces. Urine funnels into the ureter from this point.

8. Nephron Functional unit of the kidney
Found in cortex and medulla
Regulates water concentration
Filters blood
Reabsorbs necessary
ions and substances
Creates urine

9. Bowman’s Capsule
The Bowman's capsule contains the primary filtering device of the nephron, the glomerulus.
Blood is transported into the Bowman's capsule from the afferent arteriole.
Filtered water and aqueous wastes are passed out of the Bowman's capsule into the proximal convoluted tubule.

10. Glomerulus The main filter of the nephron
Located within the Bowman's capsule
Made of a ball of capillaries
Semipermeable allowing water and soluble wastes to pass through and be excreted out of the Bowman's capsule as urine.
Filtered blood passes into the efferent areteriole to be returned to the body.