1. Elements and Ions

2. Vocab Elements – substance that contain only one type of atom
Isotope – elements that differ in mass number; elements that differ in the amount of neutrons.
Mass number – number of protons plus the number of neutrons
Protons – Subatomic particle that is positive and found inside the nucleus of the atom.
Neutron - Subatomic particle that is neutral in charge and found in the nucleus of the atom
Electron - negative particle outside the nucleus and balances the charge of the protons
Ion - An atom that has lost or gained electrons.
Subatomic – smaller than an atom
Compound – (also known as a molecule) two or more elements chemically combined.

3. Elements There are three types of elements Metals : Metals Non-metals
Metalloids
Metals :
Metals are solid at room temperature, except mercury
Metals are malleable – you can make sheets out of them
Metals are ductile – you can make wires out of them
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
Metals make up the majority of the periodic table
Metals have luster - shiny

4. Elements
Non – metals:
Can be solid, liquids, or gases at room temperature
Are not good conductors of heat or electricity
No luster- not shiny
Very brittle when in solid form
Not ductile
Not malleable
Metalloids – have properties of both metal and nonmetals
we will talk about these more later.

5. Ions
Ions are elements that have lost electrons or gain one or more electrons.
When an element gains electrons it becomes negative in charge.
When an element loses electrons it becomes positive in charge.
Metals become positive because they lose electrons when forming compounds.
Nometals gain electrons and become negative when forming compounds.
Positive Ions are known as Cations.
Negative ions are known as Anions.

6. Practice: Label the following Ions as Cations or Anions Fe+3 Cl -
Ag +2
Zn +2
O 2-
Br -
F -
Fr +
Ca +2
Cation
Anion
Cation
Cation
Anion
Anion
Anion
Cation
Cation

7. Ions Cations: positive ions Anions: negative ions
If there is just a plus (+) only one electron has been lost
If there is a +2 then 2 electrons have been lost; +3 three electrons have been lost, etc.
Anions: negative ions
If there is just a negative (-) only one electron has been gained
Now if there is a -2 then 2 electrons been gained; -3 three have been gained etc.

8. Practice
In the following ions indicate how many electrons have been lost or gained.
Fe+3
Cl -
Ag +2
Zn +2
O 2-
Br -
F -
Fr +
Ca 2+
3 electron lost
1 electron gained
2 electrons lost
2 electrons lost
2 electrons gained
1 electron gained
1 electron gained
1 electron lost
2 electron lost

9. Questions
What is an ion?
Compare and contrast element and compound

10. Bell ringer 10/24
Define the following: substance, compound, ion, cation, anion, proton, neutron, electron, element
Compare contrast element and ion.
List the three types of elements
Indicate which is a cation or an anion; how many electrons were lost or gained; and which is a metal and a non-metal of the following ions, finally name the element:
Mg2+
I-1
Ti4+ K+

11. Bell ringer 10/24 Honors
Define the following: substance, compound, cation, anion, proton, neutron, electron, element
Compare contrast element and ion.
List the three types of elements
Indicate which is a cation or an anion; how many electrons were lost or gained; and which is a metal and a non-metal of the following ions, finally name the element:
Mg2+
I-1
Ti4+ K+
What is an ion?
Compare and contrast element and compound.