1. Nixon and the Watergate Scandal
Emma Reilly & Sophie Annoni

2. President Nixon Nixon, the 37th president.
The Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9, 1913.
He died April 22, 1994 from a stroke.
B. Nixon’s presidency
Remained in office from 1969 until 1974
He became the only U.S. president to resign from office.
He became president easily, with a overall 60.7% of the nation voting in his favor.

3. II. Nixon’s advisors Nixon’s administration.
Nixon had a small group of advisors that dealt with his needs as the president.
H.R. Haldeman: chief of staff
John Erlichman: chief domestic advisor
John N. Mitchell: attorney general
John W. Dean III: presidential council
2. All these men (including Nixon) were republican and part of the Executive branch.

4. III. The Watergate Scandal
The burglary at Watergate.
The scandal centered on Nixon’s administration’s attempt to cover up a burglary of the Democratic National Committee headquarters in Washington D.C.
June 17th :30 AM, a guard stationed at the Watergate office caught five men breaking into the facility.
The men planned on taking photographs of important Democratic documents of the party’s strategies and to wire-tap the office’s telephones to gather confidential information and spy on the opposite party.

5. 4. Three days after the scandal, Nixon’s chief of staff H
4. Three days after the scandal, Nixon’s chief of staff H.R Haldeman noted in his journal about Nixon’s “near obsession” with how to respond to the scandal.
B. The coverup.
It came to light that Nixon was not being truthful.
After the break-in, he arranged to provide hundreds of thousands of dollars in “hush money” to the burglars to keep them from saying Nixon could have been part of the burglary.
He paid the FBI and CIA to cease all investigations on the matter.
It was clear that this crime was much more than a break-in and was an abuse of presidential power.
The people started to believe that there was more to the break-in, and that Nixon was a part of it. Under pressure, his conspirators began to crack and reveal secrets regarding the Watergate incident.

6. IV. The Trials The burglars taken to court
Though only 5 men were found, it turned out that 7 men were involved in the burglary. At Nixon’s aid, 5 of the 7 men pleaded guilty without trial, and the other two were trialed in January of 1973.
The judge of the trials John J. Sirica and other members of the Senate Committee started to suspect that there was more to the trial and began more investigations.
B. John Dean’s Testimony
One of Nixon’s aides John Dean III testified in front of the Grand Jury on June 25, 1973.

7. 2. Dean had told the Grand Jury and the Senate that President Nixon had secretly taped all of the Oval Office’s phone calls, and all of the other crimes the president had committed (including being a part of the burglary at Watergate).
V. The Secret Tapes
Nixon had a hard time trying to protect the recorded phone call tapes to himself and not released to the public during the summer of 1973.
His lawyers argued that being he was the president, he had the right to keep his taped confidential.
Sirica, the Senate and a prosecutor Archibald Cox were all determined to get the tapes in their hands.
After Cox stopped demanding for the tapes, Nixon ordered that he was fired.
When this order was demanded by Nixon, many Justice Department officials resigned out of protest on October 10th, This was also known as the Saturday Night Massacre.

8. 5. Eventually, Nixon gave up some, but not all of the tapes.
B. Watergate coverup falls apart.
May 1st 1994, the Grand Jury appointed a new prosecutor to charge the seven men who were part of the burglary two years prior.
The jury was unsure if they could indict a president running in office, so they called him an “unindicted co-conspirator”.
VI. The Resignation of President Nixon.
In July of 1994, the court demanded Nixon hand in the remaining tapes.
Nixon had no choice but to hand in the tapes and face the consequences.
The House of Representatives sought the right punishment for Nixon was for him to be impeached for abuse of presidential power, criminal coverup, and other violations to the constitution.

9. VIII. After Watergate B. Nixon Resigns
On August 5th, Nixon handed the tapes over to the senate which gave undeniable evidence of Nixon’s involvement in the Watergate crimes.
Nixon knew he was going to be impeached after the taped were released. He was out of the office as the United State’s 37th president on August 8th.
VIII. After Watergate
Political life in america had crumbled after Watergate and Nixon’s tapes.
The negative effect of Nixon’s dishonesty created an atmosphere of distrust between people and politicians.