1. Volume 108, Pages 35-40 (January 2018)
Impaired TNF, IL-1β, and IL-17 production and increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HTLV-1 infected individuals 
Natália B. Carvalho, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Anselmo S. Souza, Eduardo M. Netto, Sérgio Arruda, Silvane B. Santos, Edgar M. Carvalho 
Tuberculosis 
Volume 108, Pages (January 2018)
DOI: /j.tube
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2. Fig. 1
HTLV-1 infection leads to a decrease in TNF production in response to PPD. PBMCs from healthy subjects (HS) and HTLV-1 infected individuals without TB were stimulated with PPD (1 μg/ml) or TT (0.5 Lf/ml) for 72 h. Levels of TNF and IL-10 in supernatants were assayed by ELISA. (A) TNF production by PPD stimulated cells. (B) Relative levels of TNF under PPD (PPD stimulated cells/unstimulated cells ratio). (C) TNF production by PPD or TT stimulated cells. (D) The ratio IL-10 production/TNF production by cells from HTLV-1 infected individuals without TB. Bars represent the median of each group. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon T test (*p < 0.05) and Mann Whitney test (#p < 0.05).
Tuberculosis  , 35-40DOI: ( /j.tube )
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3. Fig. 2
Frequencies of TNF producing cells from HTLV-1 infected individuals after PPD stimulation. PBMCs from HTLV-1 infected individuals without TB (n = 5) were stimulated with PPD (1 μg/ml) for 16 h (lymphocyte staining) or 6 h (monocyte staining). Cells were stained for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14 and TNF and collected using II FACSCanto flow cytometer. To analyze the data, the monocyte or lymphocyte populations were selected according size and granularity. Results are presented as means ± standard deviations. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon T test.
Tuberculosis  , 35-40DOI: ( /j.tube )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
IL-1β and IL-17 production by PBMCs from healthy individuals and HTLV-1 infected individuals after PPD stimulation. PBMCs from healthy subjects (HS) and HTLV-1 infected individuals without TB were stimulated with PPD (1 μg/ml), E. coli LPS (0.1 μg/ml) or PHA (10 μl/ml) for 72hs. Levels of (A) IL-1β and (B) IL-17 in supernatants were assayed by ELISA. Bars represent the median of each group. Statistically significant differences between unstimulated and stimulated cells were indicated by an asterisk (Wilcoxon T test, *p < 0.05).
Tuberculosis  , 35-40DOI: ( /j.tube )
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5. Fig. 4
IL-1β and IL-17 production by PBMCs from patients with TB and HTLV-1 and TB co-infected individuals after PPD stimulation. PBMCs from TB without HTLV-1 and HTLV-1 and TB co-infected individuals were stimulated with PPD (1 μg/ml), E. coli LPS (0.1 μg/ml, data not shown) for 72hs. Levels of (A) IL-1β and (C) IL-17 in supernatants were assayed by ELISA. The ratio PPD stimulated cells/unstimulated cells for (B) IL-1β and (D) IL-17 production was evaluated. Bars represent the median of each group. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon T test (*p < 0.05) and Mann Whitney test (#p < 0.05).
Tuberculosis  , 35-40DOI: ( /j.tube )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions