1. Warm-Up Write your homework – have it stamped
Draw a line through your Table of Contents to separate this section of the unit & then update it for today!
Get something to correct your Unit Test with
Date
Session #
Activity
Page
12/16 & 12/17 1
“The Big Question:” Warm-up on Page 1
Homework answers on page 2
1-2
Evolution Notes 3
Natural Selection Notes & Gallery Walk 4

2. “THE BIG QUESTION” “THE BIG QUESTION PART 2” Warm-Up (page 1)
Does everything evolve?
“THE BIG QUESTION PART 2”
How do we know everything evolves…what could we use as evidence?

3. Homework (page 2) Take a few minutes and…
Write down any and all questions that come to your mind about evolution - at least 10 - that you would like answered.
Leave space between your questions so that you can answer them for homework!
Scan the QR code I give you to take you to a website to search the answers…or search on your own!

4. How would they be related?
EVOLUTION (PAGE 3)
Evolution – The process of change over time
evolution can be biological or geological
How would they be related?

5. GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Geological evolution is driven by the idea that Earth itself has changed since it’s formation 4.6 billion years ago. Remember all of our previous evidence?
Law of Uniformitarianism
Geologic Time Scale
Tectonic Plate Movement
Continental Drift & Pangaea
Law of Superposition
Fossils

6. BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Biological evolution is driven by the changes in Earth…living things evolve in response to changes in their environment.
This response leads to a change in genetic material that is passed through generations, or the process of Natural Selection or “Survival of the Fittest.”
There are 4 Principles of Natural Selection!

7. 4 Principles of Natural Selection (PAGE 4) Page B22 - B23 in book
Overproduction
Variation
Adaptation
Selection
Definition:
Example:
Naturally occurring differences in traits due to differences in genetics -these variations or mutations get passed to offspring
When an organism makes more offspring than the environment can support to ensure that at least some survive
Organisms with an adaptation will be “naturally selected” to survive and reproduce passing on the adaptation.
Inherited trait that gives an organism an advantage in its environment over other members of its species

8. Example of Evolution
So how do animals and plants adapt to their environment over time?
Elephant Adaptation Video - shows how evolution of the Earth affects the evolution of a species

9. GALLERY WALK (PAGE 4) Objective:
- Analyze each picture to find examples of the 4 principles of Natural Selection.
Activity:
Each photo is numbered, so…in your notebook number Next to each number write as many examples of the 4 principles of Natural Selection as you can justify!

10. Example of Gallery Walk
Sea Turtle Land Turtle VS.

11. Extra Credit – 5 points
Create an additional example that could be added to our gallery walk by finding one ORIGINAL example of Natural Selection that we did not talk about in class, and creating the informational poster about it!
EXAMPLE:
The warrior ant of Africa can learn to imitate the chemical signal from other ant colonies so they can invade and take over undetected! This is an example of adaptation because…

12. WARM-UP Write your homework – get it stamped!
Update your table of contents for today!
Get your homework out to be checked, and be ready to share some of the answers you found!
Date
Session #
Activity
Page
12/17 &
12/18 2
Evidence of Evolution Notes & Images
5-6
Genotype Vs. Phenotype Analysis 7

13. WARM-UP/REVIEW: What is evolution?
We focused on geological evolution in the last section of this unit, so we are going to focus on biological evolution in this section…HOW DOES BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION HAPPEN?
Process by which species change over time in response to their environment.
This response leads to a change in genetic material that is passed through generations, or the process of Natural Selection or “Survival of the Fittest.”

14. WARM-UP/REVIEW: What were the 4 Principles of Natural Selection again?
Would you be selected to survive? Let’s find out from our “Survival of the Fittest Challenge!”

15. SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST CHALLENGE
Based on the challenges of this environment, what traits or genetic variations are important in giving students the physical advantage or adaptation for survival?
What if the environmental demands changed?
So, what can you infer about the relationship between variations (which are genetic) and adaptations (which are physical advantages)?

16. Evidence of Evolution
The body structure and characteristics are dependent on the genetic code! In other words, the genetic variation leads to the physical adaptation! This idea was the basis used as evidence for evolution! GENOTYPE – genetic code or DNA structure PHENOTYPE – body structures and characteristics

17. HUH? What does all that mean?
Evidence of Evolution
Now, when Charles Darwin, “The Father of Evolution,” first proposed the idea that ALL species descend from a common ancestor he needed evidence to support his claim. The major pieces of evidence can be broken into…
Fossils
Embryology
Comparative Anatomy
Molecular Biology
HUH? What does all that mean?

18. Evidence of Evolution
It means that we use both the genetic characteristics and physical characteristics to as evidence to determine how a species has evolved and how they are related to each other!
GENOTYPE – genetic code or DNA structure
molecular biology
PHENOTYPE – body structures and characteristics
fossils, embryology, comparative anatomy

19. Evidence of Evolution: Fossils
Fossils – show change in a single species over time or similarities between species
Evolution of the Modern Horse

20. Evidence of Evolution: Embryology
Embryology – shows similar developmental stages amongst different species
Embryology Challenge:
Embryos of a human, chicken, tortoise, fish, rabbit & salamander…which one is which?

21. Embryology Challenge

22. Evidence of Evolution: Comparative Anatomy
Homologous Structures – same anatomical structure but different function that arise from different organisms sharing a common ancestor

23. Evidence of Evolution: Comparative Anatomy
Analogous Structures – different anatomical structure but similar function that arise from common environmental demands

24. Evidence of Evolution: Comparative Anatomy
Vestigial Structures – Anatomical remnants that were important in an organism’s ancestors, but are no longer used in the same way

25. Evidence of Evolution: Molecular Biology
Molecular Biology - the genetic structure of an organism
Key to understanding how traits are passed from one generation to the next
Scientists can tell how closely related organisms are – the difference in gene sequences between organisms is very small!!

26. Back to Phenotype Vs. Genotype
Both the phenotype and genotype are useful in determining the relationships between organisms, but what is the relationship between them?
Complete the Genotype Vs. Phenotype Analysis with a partner of your chosing.
Complete the Genotype Vs. Phenotype Pros & Cons Chart for homework once you have some experience working with both of them!

27. Warm-Up No homework over break!
Update your Table of Contents for today!
Get your homework out to be checked…share some of your pros & cons!
Date
Session #
Activity
Page
12/20 & 1/6 3
Survival of the Fittest Scenarios & Natural Selection Nemo Style 8

28. Warm-Up/Review: Evidence of Evolution

29. Warm-Up/Review: Evidence of Evolution

30. Warm-Up/Review: Evidence of Evolution

31. Warm-Up/Review: Evidence of Evolution

32. Warm-Up/Review: Evidence of Evolution

33. What does “Survival of the Fittest” really mean?
What is the Connection?
What is the connection between phenotypes /genotypes and Natural Selection?
What does “Survival of the Fittest” really mean?
In the next few scenarios, describe the type of animal that would most likely be “selected” to survive…

34. Survival of the Fittest
Scenario 1: Drought
There has been a drought and all of the grass has dries up and dies first, but the leaves on bushes and trees are slower to die…who survives the longest?

35. Survival of the Fittest
Scenario 2: Predator is Approaching
A predator is approaching the herd, but is not hunting yet…who will know sooner and therefore have a better chance to escape?

36. Survival of the Fittest
Scenario 3: Predator Fight
A predator has arrived. It is too late to run away or hide, the animals must fight off the predator…who has the best chance at fighting?

37. Survival of the Fittest
Scenario 4: Blizzard
The weather becomes very cold. There is a blizzard and the land is covered in snow…who survives?

38. Survival of the Fittest
Scenario 5: Volcanic Eruption
There has been a volcanic eruption. Lava flows down the mountain onto the plains and kills anything in its path…who will make it?

39. Survival of the Fittest
Classroom Challenge Mini – Lab
There are 4 utensils that need to be tested to ensure your survival, and which habitat you are most suitable for.
Each person will receive a utensil, you will rotate the utensils for each round.
You will have 30 seconds to test each utensil and then 10 seconds to record your results.
Your cup is your “stomach” and your stomach must remain upright on the table the entire time.

40. Are Humans Speeding Up Evolution?

41. Natural Selection: Nemo Style
Keep in mind:
The 4 Principles of Natural Selection
The idea of “Survival of the Fittest”
Basic scientific information

42. Extra Credit – 10 Points Possible
Create an ORIGINAL cartoon or comic strip that illustrates the idea of “Survival of the Fittest”

43. Warm-Up Update your Table of Contents
No homework – quiz on Evolution scheduled for next Wednesday
Date
Session #
Activity
Page
4/16 4
Biological Classification Notes 8

44. What do we use all of this evidence for?
To build relationships between organisms and once we have those relationships established we can use them to build evolutionary trees and classify organisms based on the taxonomic system

45. The Tree of Life How did this evolutionary tree start? Let’s Find Out…

46. Warm-Up/Review:
We know that there are many different species on Earth, but where did they all come from?
Speciation – over time the beneficial variations that are passed on to the next generation will accumulate and the result will be an entirely different organism (not just a variation of the original, but an entirely new creature)

47. Isolation

48. Evolution Telephone
Don’t believe that one small change can accumulate into many…let’s try it using Evolution Telephone
How does this game of telephone relate to speciation?

49. Biological Classification
How are we able to organize and identify all of these different species?
Taxonomy – biological classification is also referred to as taxonomy – it is a system to organize & describe all life on Earth

50. Biological Classification
What are the benefits of biological classification (taxonomy)?
Simple organization
Examine relationships between organisms that exist now
Construct evolutionary trees to explore the origins of life on Earth
Examine relationships between modern & ancient organisms

51. Biological Classification
What are the categories we use to classify an organism?
Example:
Life form: Humans
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Sapiens

52. Biological Classification
How closely related to the other species in our kingdom, phylum etc. are we?
Evolutionary Tree –
also known as a phylogenetic tree; like a family tree but shows the relationships between species branching back to common ancestors

53. The Tree of Life
Technology activity Intro to Reading Phylogenetic Trees
Practice with phylogentic trees – beetle activity
Next lesson – pull it all together “Story of the Whippo”

54. Warm-Up
Update your Table of Contents – write a reminder about the Evolution Test next Wednesday
Get your folder so that we can file some quizzes!
Last few Vietnam presentations before we go…(4th block only)
Date
Session #
Activity
Page
4/18 5
Nothing to paste in today
XXXX

55. Directions in the Computer Lab
1. Complete any remaining research or additions for your “Big Question.” This page must be ripped out of your notebook and turned in.
2. Complete the “Understanding Evolution” WebQuest
* Staple both together & turn in for a class work grade!