1. KEY CONCEPT Some animals other than humans exhibit behaviors requiring complex cognitive abilities.

2. Animal intelligence is difficult to define.
Cognition mental process of knowing through perception or reasoning.
Like…the ability to judge
or complex reasoning.
- Everything that seems like
cognition may not be.

3. Some animals can solve problem
Complex solving behaviors have been observed in dolphins, primates, and corvids (smart birds)
First documented by James Kohler in 1914

4. Dolphin smart?

5. Tool use helps an animal accomplish a task.
some dolphins use sponges to protect and hunt
crows and chimpanzees make probing sticks
capuchin monkeys use rocks to crack nuts

6. Chimps termite fishing

7. Cognitive ability and social groups seem to correlate as animals with cognition seem to…
Have relatively large brains for their body size
Live in complex social groups

8. Cultural behavior spreads through a population by learning, not by selection.
taught to one generation by another
aided by living in close proximity