1. Unit 4
What Tools Should You Use?

2. You will be
able to:
1. identify tools in English.
2. select proper tools for specific tasks.

3. Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 Warming up Reading and Vocabulary
Reading and Writing 5
Culture Corner 6
My Progress Check 4
Extended Activities 2
Reading and Vocabulary

4. Warming up 1
Listen and match.

5. Warming up 2
Listen to the dialogue and choose the correct answer to each question.
Mike: Could you pass me the wrench, please?
Peter: What type?
Mike: The double open-end wrench. 12 mm.
Peter: Here you are.
Mike: This bolt can’t be removed by the double open- end wrench. It needs a screw and a nut.
Mike: Thanks.
1. Which of the following doesn’t Mike ask for? O
A. A wrench. O
B. A screw. P
C. A bolt.
2. Why does Mike ask for a wrench? O
A. He wants to play with it. O
B. He wants to repair a car. P
C. He wants to remove a bolt.
3. What size of wrench does Mike need? O
A. 8 mm. O
B. 10 mm. P
C. 12 mm.

6. Reading and Vocabulary1
Read the words and expressions. Which ones do you know?
nut 螺母
bolt 螺栓
sharp 锋利的
steady 稳定的
socket wrench 套筒扳手
adjustable wrench 活动扳手

7. Reading and Vocabulary2
Read the text with these questions in mind.
1. What are wrenches used for?
2. How many common types of wrenches are there?
3. What are the common sizes of wrenches?
Wrenches
Wrenches are the tools used to turn nuts and bolts. There are many types and sizes of wrenches. The common types are open-end wrench, box-end wrench, socket wrench and adjustable wrench. The common sizes of wrenches are 6 mm, 8 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm.
When you use a wrench, you should follow the proper steps. Firstly, choose a wrench of the right size and type for your work. Secondly, check the wrench teeth. Are they clean and sharp? Thirdly, fit the wrench correctly on the bolt or nut before you apply pressure. Finally, turn the bolt or nut in a slow and steady motion.
Remember, wrenches should be used with care and be stored properly.
be used to do... 被用来做……，注意used to do 表示“过去常常”。例如： Wood is used to make furniture. 木头被用来做家具。He used to go to the park after supper. 他过去晚饭后常去公园。
mm = millimetre 毫米 cm = centimetre 厘米 dm = decimetre 分米
Notes:
The common sizes of wrenches are 6 mm, 8 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm.
Wrenches are the tools used to turn nuts and bolts.
There are four common types of wrenches: open-end wrench, box-end wrench, socket wrench and adjustable wrench.

8. Reading and Vocabulary3
Put the following steps in the right order. D B A C

9. Reading and Vocabulary4
Decide whether the following statements are true or false. J
1. Wrenches are usually used to remove nuts and bolts. L
2. There are five kinds of wrenches. L
3. The common sizes of wrenches are 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm. L
4. You should use a wrench to remove the bolt or nut in a quick and steady motion.

10. Reading and Vocabulary5
Choose the right Chinese for the English.
梅花扳手
活动扳手
套筒扳手
开口扳手
open-end wrench
socket wrench
开口扳手
套筒扳手
adjustable wrench
box-end wrench
活动扳手
梅花扳手

11. Reading and Writing 1
Read the words and expressions. Which ones do you know?
electrical 电的
installation 安装
professional 专业的
primary 主要的
wire stripper 剥线钳
soldering iron 焊铁

12. Common Electrical Tools
Reading and Writing 2
Read the text with these questions in mind.
1. How many electrical tools are mentioned in the text?
2. What are the functions of each tool?
Common Electrical Tools
Electrical work ranges from simple electrical wiring to high-tech measurement and installation. There are many professional tools for different electrical purposes, but some tools are commonly used by all electrical workers.
Wire strippers are the commonest tool in electrical work. They are used to remove insulation from the ends of wires and they have different types and sizes for wires of different types.
Multimeters are the primary instrument to measure voltage, resistance and amperage within a circuit. Electrical workers agree that having such a meter makes their work very convenient.
A soldering iron is a tool that is widely used in electrical work. Soldering irons are used to repair broken wires and circuit boards.
A good set of screwdrivers can be found in the tool box of any electrician. They are typically used to adjust different resistors and capacitors, and to connect wires to proper terminals.
Four electrical tools are mentioned in the text: wire strippers, multimeters, soldering irons and screwdrivers.
Wire strippers are used to remove insulation from the ends of wires. Multimeters are used to measure voltage, resistance and amperage within a circuit. Soldering irons are used to repair broken wires and circuit boards, and screwdrivers are typically used to adjust different resistors and capacitors, and to connect wires to proper terminals.

13. Reading and Writing 3
Fill in the blanks with the proper names of electrical tools.
1. If we want to adjust different resistors and capacitors, we use ___________.
2. If we want to repair broken wires and circuit boards, we use ____________.
3. If we want to measure voltage, resistance, and amperage within a circuit, we use ___________.
4. If we want to remove insulation from the ends of wires, we use ___________.
screwdrivers
soldering irons
multimeters
wire strippers

14. Reading and Writing L L L L 4
Decide whether the following statements are true or false. L
1. The commonest tool in electrical work is the multimeter. L
2. Electrical workers always complain about multimeters. L
3. Electrical workers only use four types of electrical tools. L
4. A soldering iron is seldom used in electrical work.

15. Reading and Writing 5 Fill in the blanks with the right prepositions.
1. Electrical work ranges ____ simple tasks ____ advanced measurement and installation.
2. We should select the right tools ____ different purposes.
3. Some electrical tools are commonly used ____ all electrical workers.
4. Wire strippers are used to remove insulation ____ the ends of wires.
from to
for by
from

16. Reading and Writing 6
Put the two sentences together after the example.
Example: A stripper is the commonest tool.
It is used to remove insulation from the ends of wires.
A stripper is the commonest tool that is used to remove insulation from the ends of wires.
electrical tool 电力工具。本文讲的是电力工具，因此提到了多个与电力工作相关的词汇，如insulation（绝缘材料），circuit board（电路板），terminal（接头，端子）等。
remove from 从……除去
例如：It’s difficult to remove these chemicals from water.
这些化学物质很难从水中除掉。
jack 千斤顶，起重器
Notes:
1. A screwdriver is an electrical tool.
It is used to turn the screw.
_____________________________________________
2. An oiler is a device.
It is always used to put oil into the engine.
3. A jack is a useful tool.
It can be used to raise the car when we want to remove the tyre.
A screwdriver is an electrical tool that is used to turn the screw.
An oiler is a device that is always used to put oil into the engine.
A jack is a useful tool that can be used to raise the car when we want to remove the tyre.

17. screwdriver-type test pencil
Extended Activities 1
Read and match.
needle nose pliers
pen-type test pencil
disconnection clamp
screwdriver-type test pencil
electrical knife
stripping pliers

18. Extended Activities 2
Look at the following pictures, and then complete the sentences.
What are they doing?
He is using ___________ to tighten the screw.
a screwdriver
He is using ________ to remove the nut.
a wrench
He is using __________ to check electricity.
a test pencil
He is using _____ to punch.
a drill

19. Extended Activities J L J L J J 3
Discuss with your partner and tick out the right usage of the tools.
You must hold the metal pen hanging with your fingers.
You must hold the metal screw part of the test pencil with your fingers. J L J L
For a larger screwdriver, you should grip the rear handle with your hand. For a smaller one, you can grip the head part with your hand. J J

20. Extended Activities 4 Translate the following sentences.
1. Can you tell me how to use the tool?
2. The tool to remove the pump is in the box.
3. I need a test pencil to check the circuit.
4. 这台数控机床太旧了，应该换新的了。
5. 这是一台柴油发动机。
你能告诉我这件工具怎么用吗？
移除油泵的工具在工具箱里。
我需要一支电笔来检测电路。
This CNC machine is too old. It should be replaced by a new one.
This is a diesel engine.

21. Culture Corner 1. Why did ancient humans invent tools?
2. Are modern tools still important in our life?
Development of Tools
Tools have a long history, and they are very important for human beings. The oldest known tools dated from 2,600,000 years ago. With the earliest tools, ancient humans were able to finish tasks that their bodies alone could not do, such as using a spear or a bow and arrow to kill their prey.
The transition from stone to metal tools roughly coincided with the development of agriculture around 4,000 BC, and the use of iron tools was a great development in human society. In the Middle Ages, mechanical devices were widely used with the help of new energy sources such as water and wind, at a time when capitalism was developing fast.
The use of new energies helped produce new tools during the Industrial Revolution. A great improvement in productivity resulted from new machine tools. Human civilisation was greatly propelled forward by machines.
In modern times there have been many advanced tools used in different fields. They have become more and more complex and delicate. While producing wealth for humans, modern tools have also continued to change our lifestyles.
Because they used tools to finish tasks that their bodies alone could not do.
Yes, they are. They have continued to change our lifestyles.
1. date from 始于，起源于
2. spear 矛
3. coincide with... 与……一致
4. productivity 生产力
5. propel 推进，推动
Language Tips:

22. My Progress Check Words I have learned in this unit are: □ wrench
□ screwdriver
□ multimeter
□ nut
□ bolt
□ sharp
□steady
□ electrical
□ installation
□ professional
□ primary
All together I know ___________ words.
More words I know in this unit are:
_________________________________________________
Phrases and expressions I have learned in this unit are:
□ tool box
□ feeler gauge
□ socket wrench
□ adjustable wrench
□ wire stripper
□ soldering iron
Now, I know ________ useful phrases and expressions.
More useful phrases and expressions I know in this unit are:
_________________________________________________

23. My Progress Check I can: □ identify tools in English.
□ select proper tools for specific tasks.
What progress I have made! I’m happy.