1. Unit 7: America Moves Forward
Honors US History I

2. Chapter 11: Reforming and Expanding

3. Section 3: Westward Ho!

4. Texas
Stephen F. Austin
- land grant
1821: “free land” for 300 families
- 3 requirements
(1) become Roman Catholic
(2) pay MEX taxes
(3) obey MEX laws (slavery)
1830: 8000 ppl in TEX territory

6. New Mexico
Santa Fe & Albuquerque
Spanish & Mestizo
Indians Wars
- Apache, Ute, Navaho, Comanche
Pueblo Indians
Isolationist (no USA)
1821: MEX independence

7. Santa Fe
Albuquerque

9. Santa Fe Trail
- Capt. Becknell
- “highway” to SW

11. Oregon
AME sailors
Far East trade stop
John Jacob Astor
- Pacific Fur Co.
- $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Oregon Trail
- Nathaniel Wyeth

13. John Jacob Astor

14. Missionaries
- Methodists, Presbyterians, Jesuits
Self-Gov’t

15. California
AME sailors
Cattle ranches
Christian missions
Ports
- San Diego & San Francisco
Fort Sutter

16. San Francisco
San Diego

17. Westward Movement
Wagon trains
- “prairie schooner”
Extended families
Independence, MO
Native-Americans
2000 miles = 5 months
autonomous

19. Utah
Joseph Smith (see PPT)
Mormons
Brigham Young
Great Salt Lake
Factors for Success
- organization/cooperation
- discipline
- work ethic

20. Great Salt Lake
Brigham Young
Joseph Smith

21. Section 4: Texas and Oregon

22. Lone Star Republic
1835: 30,000 AME in TX
AME Complaints (?)
MEX Complaints (!)
4/2/1836: TX Independence
- gov’t, pres, v-pres
Gen. Santa Anna (the dictator)
The Alamo

23. Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Dirty, Stinky Americans…
GET OUT!
Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

25. TX Army
- Sam Houston
Battle of San Jacinto
TX Republic
- Pres. Houston
- constitution (slavery)
TX State
- NO!!! (not yet)

26. We surrender!
Sam Houston

27. Gag Rule
Abolitionist petitions
1836: no further discussion
H of R vs. JQA
1844: repeal

28. 1840 Election
“Log Cabin”
- Pres. Harrison (WH-N)
- VP Tyler (D-S)
The Cold!!!!!
Pres. Tyler (D-S) vs Whigs
Texas Question
- ENG & TX alliance
- John C. Calhoun (rejected)

29. William Henry Harrison
God Bless You!
ACHOO!
William Henry Harrison
John Tyler

30. 1844 Election
Henry Clay (WH) vs. James K. Polk (D)
“dark horse” candidate
TX Question
- Clay… NO!
- Polk… EXPANSION! (TX & OR)
- Clay… Wait, YES!
- Birney (Liberty Party).. NO!
Polk Wins!!

31. James K. Polk

32. Go west… and take land that does not belong to you!
TX: the State
- 4 new states in future (?)
- Missouri Comp Line (36-30)
- wait for OR
Manifest Destiny
John O’ Sullivan
“God’s will!”
Go west… and take land that does not belong to you!

34. 54-40 or Fight!
TX promise
OR territory
All (54-40) or None!
War with ENG (?)
Compromise
1846: 49th parallel

35. ALASKA
Polk’s “Threat”
English Line
Compromise!!
Mexican Border

36. Section 5: War with Mexico

37. Round 2
MEX will not give up!
- disputes TX boundary
- worry about AME in CALI

38. Nueces Boundary
Rio Grande Boundary

39. - Rio Grande River border of TX
Declaration of War
Land for Sale (?)
- CALI and NM for $30mill
- Rio Grande River border of TX
Land for Sale!

40. - Gen. Zachary Taylor invades (?) - Polk’s war message
Pick a fight!
- Gen. Zachary Taylor invades (?)
- Polk’s war message
Gen. Zachary Taylor
WAR!

41. Nueces Boundary
Rio Grande Boundary
Taylor’s Encampment

42. - Scott by sea to MEX City (capital) - Kearney W to CALI
3 Prong Attack
- Taylor S into N. MEX
- Scott by sea to MEX City (capital)
- Kearney W to CALI
Kearny
Taylor
Scott

43. Kearny
Scott
Taylor

44. OUCH!

45. “Bear Flag” Revolution
John C. Fremont
US Navy
Kearney arrives
- through NM

46. The hero of the Bear Flag Revolution
I will defeat the Mexican oppressors!
The hero of the Bear Flag Revolution

47. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
US gets
- TX at Rio Grande R.
- CALI, NM, UT, NV, ARZ, COL
mill acres
MEX gets
- $15mill
- plus US will forgive $3mill in claims

48. Nicholas Trist

50. Gadsden Purchase
$10 million
S. ARZ and NM
Transcontinental RR route