1. Emissions from the partial combustion of wood
Wood smoke
Emissions from the partial combustion of wood

2. Ancient relations humankind & Fire
Benefits;
Safety, Warmth, Cooking, Boiler & Engine Fuel etc.
Threats;
Injury, Destruction, Choking, Poisoning etc.

3. woodstoves

4. Biomass boilers

5. Why encourage this? Renewable Fuel Low-Carbon Self sufficiency
Financial support from government

6. Virtuous Circle

7. Broken wheel?

8. Smoke ! particulates

9. Smoke !! PCA’s

10. CO !

11. TAR & Chimney FireS !

12. No fire without smoke? Addressing emissions:
System design
Fuel production standards
Appliance production standards
Engine management systems
User instruction – inform & educate – CAT’s great tradition.
License to burn !
Chimney police !