1. Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (3rd Edition)
Chapter 1 - Introduction and How Cars Wor
Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (3rd Edition)
Chapter 6
Basic Tools
Online Resources
Chapter 6
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2. Chapter 1 - Introduction and How Cars Wor
Fuel for Thought
What hand tools are commonly used while working on the automobile?
Why is it important to use the correct tool?
Where can you find information to help you with an automotive repair?
Chapter 6
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Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter and activities, you will be able to:
Recognize basic hand tools.
Identify the correct tool for the job.
Use tools properly.
Identify types of service manuals.
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Tool Set
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Wrenches
Combination Wrench
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Wrenches
Wrench Ends
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Wrenches
Adjustable Wrench
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Ratchets
Ratchets – ¼”, 3/8” (most common), and ½”
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Sockets
Regular and deep well sockets are available.
Universal joints allow for movement.
Extensions in various lengths are also available.
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Spark Plug Socket
Rubber insert to hold and protect the spark plug.
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Impact Sockets
Use with impact wrenches.
Wear safety glasses.
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Slip Joint Pliers
Used to grab, turn, cut, or bend.
Do not use when a wrench will work.
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Groove Joint Pliers
Also known as Channellocks®.
Good for gripping cylindrical objects.
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Needle Nose Pliers
Grip/pull objects in hard-to-reach areas.
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Diagonal Pliers
Also known as side cutters.
Used to cut wires.
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Locking Pliers
Also known as Vise-Grips®.
Can lock on oddly shaped items or flat pieces of metal.
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Screwdrivers
Turn screws or other fasteners.
Do not use screwdrivers as pry bars.
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Fastener Head Types
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Hammers
Ball Peen Hammer
Rubber Mallet
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Pry Bars
Long handles allow for mechanical advantage for lifting or adjusting components.
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Floor Jack
Used to lift a vehicle.
Put under the frame or solid chassis component.
Always use jack stands and chock wheels on the ground.
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Drive-on Ramps
Good for oil changes.
Use wheel chocks.
Set parking brake.
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Wheel Chocks
Prevents a vehicle from moving.
Use when jacking or with drive-on ramps.
Set parking brake.
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Jack Stands
Used to hold the vehicle up after it has been lifted with a jack.
Do not use concrete blocks or other non-approved stands to hold up a vehicle.
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25. 4-Way/Cross/Lug Wrench
Better leverage and handling than a L shaped lug wrench.
Multiple sizes.
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Bottle Jack
Commonly in the trunk for emergency tire changes.
Some vehicles have a scissors jack.
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Tread Depth Gauge
Used to measure tire tread depth.
Tread depth is commonly measured in 32nds of an inch or in mm.
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Tire Pressure Gauges
Tire pressure is measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa).
Check at least once a month.
Tire pressure changes with temperature.
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Air Compressor
Handy to have at home so you can check tire pressure when cold as recommended.
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30. Systems of Measurement
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Torque Wrench
Beam or clicker style.
Used to tighten a fastener to a specific tightness (torque).
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Coolant Tester
Used to measure the specific gravity in the coolant to determine the correct mixture of water to antifreeze.
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Spark Plug Gauge
Spark plug gauge tool is used to set the spark plug gap.
The gap is the distance between the center and side electrodes.
The correct gap is located on the VECI sticker under the hood.
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34. Precision Measuring Tools
Feeler Gauge
Digital Caliper
Outside Micrometer
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Test Light
Tool used to test for electricity.
A self-powered test light can be used to test continuity.
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Multimeter
Measures voltage, resistance, and amperage.
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Fuse Puller
Used to pull fuses out of junction blocks.
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Wire Stripper
Used to remove wire insulation, cut wires, and crimp solderless connections.
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Battery Tester
Used to evaluate a battery’s condition.
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40. Battery Terminal Puller
Used to remove top post battery terminals after they have been loosened.
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Battery Brush
Used to clean battery posts and terminals.
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Battery Hydrometer
Used to test the specific gravity of the battery’s electrolyte solution.
A 12 volt DC battery has six cells.
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43. Battery Terminal Spreader
Used to spread battery terminal post clamps or scrape corrosion from the inside of the terminal clamps.
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Jumper Cables
Used to transfer electrical energy from a charged battery to a discharged battery.
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Oil Drain Pan
Used to collect oil.
Recycle used oil at a recycling center.
Wear disposable gloves.
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Oil Filter Wrenches
Band style
Cup style
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Funnel
Helps prevent spills when adding fluids.
Clean the funnel before pouring fluids.
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Grease Gun
Contains a grease cartridge.
Used to add grease to steering, suspension, and drivetrain components.
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Machinist File
Used to smooth, shape, or de-burr surfaces.
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Grinder
Used to remove metal.
Wear safety goggles and a full face shield.
Do not operate near flammable materials.
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Chisels and Punches
Chisel
Punch
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Hacksaw
Saw used to cut metal.
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Creeper
Used to access the underside of the vehicle.
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Work Light
Quality light makes inspection easier.
Chapter 6
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Cleaning Supplies
Shop towels
Floor dry
Hand cleaner
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Specialty Tools
OBD Scan Tool – retrieves diagnostic trouble codes.
Chapter 6
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57. Vehicle Service Manuals
Online service manuals (e.g., Alldata -
Consumer service manuals (e.g., Haynes or Chilton)
Professional service manual (often several volumes for one vehicle)
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Summary
Use the correct tool for the job.
Start off with a basic tool kit and add specialized tools to your toolbox as you need them.
Care for your tools.
Chapter 6
© 2013 Rolling Hills Publishing