1. Chapter 9 Goals Page 311 Students will be able to:
Name, locate, & describe the functions of the organs of the male reproductive system.
Define abnormal conditions & infectious diseases that affect the male reproductive system.
Differentiate among several types of sexually transmitted infections.
Define combining forms used to describe the structures of this system.
Describe various laboratory tests & clinical procedures pertinent to disorders of the make reproductive system, & recognize related abbreviations
Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports & records.

2. Male Reproductive System
Chapter 9
Pages 311 – 341

3. Introduction & Anatomy
Page 312
Introduction & Anatomy
Perineum = located between the anus & the scrotum
Spermatozoon = sperm cell
Flagellum = hair like process
Ejaculation = ejection of sperm & fluid from the male urethra
Prostate gland = lies where the vas deferens enters the urethra, almost encircling the upper end of the urethra. It secrets a milky white fluid that is a mixture of sugars, enzymes, & alkaline chemicals.
As part of semen, this fluid is nutritious for sperm cells, & after ejaculation into the vagina, the alkaline chemicals promote the survival of sperm in the acidic environment of the vagina. Muscular tissue of the prostate aids in the expulsion of fluid during ejaculation.

4. Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Pages 312 – 314
Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Scrotum = a sac enclosing the testes, outside of the body.
Testes or testicles (sgl. testis) = male gonads
Seminiferous tubules = large mass of narrow, coiled tubules contained in the testes, formation of the sperm
Interstitial cells = next to the seminiferous tubules, manufactures testosterone.
Epididymis = 16 ft. long, coiled on the upper part of each testis (sperm is stored here, temporarily, to become mature & motile)
Testosterone = male hormone responsible for the production of the bodily characteristics of the male (such as beard, pubic hair, & deeper voice)

5. Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Pages 314
Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Vas deferens (or ductus deferens) = narrow, straight tube about 2 feet long & carries the sperm up into the pelvic region where it merges with the seminal vesicles
Ejaculatory duct = tube from the seminal vesicles leading toward the urethra.
Seminal vesicles = two glands located at the base of the bladder, open into the ejaculatory duct as it joins the urethra. They secret a thick sugary yellow substance that nourishes the sperm cells
Vasectomy or sterilization = procedure, the urologist cuts & ties of each vas deferens by making an incision in the scrotum

6. Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Pages 314
Introduction & Anatomy: Cont.
Semen = a combination of fluid (seminal fluid) & spermatozoa (sperm cells account for less than 1% of the semen volume), is ejected from the body through the urethra.
Penis = urethra passes through to the outside of the body. Composed of erectile tissue & its tip expands to form a soft, sensitive region called the glans penis.
Prepuce (or foreskin) = covers the glans penis.
Erectile dysfunction = impotence
Fraternal twins = twins resulting from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells
Identical twins = fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm.

7. Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pages 319 – 324
Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Tumors & Anatomic/Structural Disorder –Testes
carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer)
Malignant tumor of the testicles
cryptorchidism; cryptorchism
Undescended testicles
hydrocele
Sac of clear fluid in the scrotum
testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord
varicocele
Enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

8. Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pages 319 – 324
Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Tumors & Anatomic/Structural Disorder – Prostate Gland
benign prostatic hyperplasia
Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland
carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)
Malignant tumor (adenocarcinoma) of the prostate gland

9. Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pages 319 – 324
Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Tumors & Anatomic/Structural Disorder – Penis
hypospadias
Congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of its tip
phimosis
Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis

10. Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pages 319 – 324
Pathologic Conditions; Sexually Transmitted Infections
Sexually Transmitted Infections
chlamydial infection
Bacterial invasion (by Chlamydia trachomatis) of the urethra & reproductive tract
gonorrhea
Inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)
herpes genitalis
Infection of skin & genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)
human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
Infection of the skin & mucous membrane in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus
syphilis
Chronic STI caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)

11. Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Pages 324 – 326
Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Laboratory Tests
PSA test
Measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood
semen analysis
Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid

12. Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Pages 324 – 326
Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Clinical Procedures
castration
surgical excision of testicles or ovaries
circumcision
Surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis
digital rectal examination (DRE)
Finger palpation through the anal canal & rectum to examine the prostate gland
Vasectomy
Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens

13. Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Pages 324 – 326
Laboratory Test & Clinical Procedures
Clinical Procedures
Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP)
Removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser ("laser TURP")
transurethral resection fo the prostate (TURP)
Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra