1. Oral and Silent Reading Fluency Reading Comprehension
Vocabulary Knowledge
Reading Content Area Texts
1) Guided Oral Reading
1) Graphic Organizers
2) Specific Word Instruction
1) Repeated Readings
*Teacher reads the text aloud and models different strategies for students to use, such as “attack” strategies
*These allow students to keep track of what is going on in the story
*Define the vocabulary before reading the text and then reinforce it by checking for meaning within the text
*Reading the text over again several times will help with understanding the specific topic the text is teaching
2) Choral Reading
2) Generating Questions
1) Rich Oral Reading
2) Annotate the Text
*Teacher and students read aloud a passage together
*Having the students come up with their own questions is a good way to check for understanding
*If the students can come up with their own questions then they understand the text
*Either the teacher reads aloud a text that will expose the student to more complex vocabulary or the student reads a vocabulary rich text on their own and then discusses unknown words
*Marking the text (when possible) will also help with the comprehension of content area texts. One of the major problems students have is understanding the new vocabulary terms and marking them helps the students
*This allows students with lower fluency “hide” in the crowd, while still practicing and improving their fluency skills
3) Timed Repeated Readings
3) Word Learning Strategies
3) Summarizing
3) Graphic Organizers
*Students read the same passage several times with a partner for 1 minute, the partner marks all the words they say incorrectly, and the goal with each reading is to increase their accuracy and number of words read in 1 minute
*If the students are able to summarize what they read, then that means they understood what they read
*Student who are able to break the text down into smaller pieces understand what the main ideas are
*Using a dictionary, morphemic analysis, contextual analysis, ELL learners can use cognate awareness
*These will help students keep track of what they are learning, any key terms, and key points

2. Sources 1)
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