1. Group 4: Flowering Plants
Angiosperms (flowering plants)
Flower = reproductive structure
Attract animals to help spread pollen
Forms fruit to protect and spread seeds
Seeds
Grow inside the fruit
Inside the seed
1. Embryo
2. Endosperm (Food supply)

2. Seed Dispersal Fruit brightly colored Attracts animals
Seeds pass through animals digestive system
Seeds pooped in a new area to grow
Fruit seeds in fox poop

3. Angiosperm Groups 2 groups: Based on seed type
Cotyledon: embryonic leaf
Two Categories:
Monocots: embryo with 1 seed leaf
Dicots: embryo with 2 seed leaves

4. Monocots vs. Dicots Know this one Know this one Know this one ehh Know

5. Apple Tree: Monocot or Dicot?2 1 3
Net-like veins 4 5

6. Monocot or Dicot? 2 1 3 4 6 5

7. Monocot or Dicot?

8. Monocot or Dicot?

9. Monocot or Dicot?
Veins run parallel

10. Monocot or Dicot?
Veins run parallel

11. Monocot or Dicot?
Veins branch outward

12. Angiosperm Life Spans Three Life Span Types: 1) Annuals 2) Biennials
Seed grows…
Produce flowers & seeds…
Die
2) Biennials
1st year:
Seed grows and stores food
2nd year:
grows more…
makes flowers & seeds…
dies
3) Perennials
Live for more than 2 years
May take decades to grow fruit

13. Flowers Reproductive structure of angiosperms Sepals
outer ring of leaves
protection
Petals
Inner ring of leaves
Brightly colored to attract pollinators
Male and female organs found inside
petals
sepals

14. Tulip Pistil and Stamen
female
male

15. Lily Pistil and Stamen
female
male

16. Pistil and Stamen
female
male

17. Pistil and Stamen
female
male

18. Flowers Stamen (male) Carpel/Pistil (female)
Anther: tip of stamen, produces pollen (sperm)
Carpel/Pistil (female)
Inner most part
Ovary: within the base
Contains eggs
Grows into fruit when fertilized
Stigma: sticky tip, collects pollen

19. Self-Pollination (pollen fertilizes it’s own egg/eggs). . .

20. Cross-Pollination (pollen of one, fertilizes egg of another flower). . .

21. Angiosperm Life Cycle
1. Pollen sticks to animal (pollinator) or is released into wind.

22. 1. Pollen sticks to animal (pollinator) or is released into wind.

23. 2. Animal (pollinator) finds new flower to feed on & pollen grains land on the stigma = pollination
3. Pollen tube grows towards the ovary and 2 sperm nuclei transfer down into the ovule ..
Let’s zoom in
egg

24. 4. Angiosperms go through the process of double fertilization.
1 sperm fuse with the egg = zygote
1 sperm fuse with the eggpolar nuclei = triploid (3n) endosperm
Double Fertilization
Endosperm
(3n)
Zygote

25. 6. The surrounding ovary grows into a fruit.
Endosperm
Seed Coat
Embryo
5. Each ovule becomes a seed.
6. The surrounding ovary grows into a fruit.

26. 7. Flower dries up and fruit falls to ground.

27. 8. Animals eat fruit….seeds come out the other end…

28. 10. Seed germinates (sporophyte), and the cycle starts over.
9. Seeds get dispersed.
10. Seed germinates (sporophyte), and the cycle starts over.
Ground

29. Plant type Gametophyte Sporophyte Dominant Phase? Flowers (Angiosperm)
Moss
More familiar, carpet-like plant that produces specialized gametes XX- Archegonium
XY – Antheridium
Stalk with cup at tip, which is where spores are produced.
GAMETOPHYTE
Fern
Haploid plant body is size of a finger nail, produces both male and female parts
More familiar, leafy plant with clusters of spore producing sacs (sori)
SPOROPHYTE
Conifer
(Gymnosperm)
Male gametophytes are pollen grains sperm
Female gametophytes are microscopic eggs
More familiar - like pine trees, produces male and female cones that produce spores
Flowers
(Angiosperm)
Pollen grains are male gametophytes  2 haploid cells = pollen tube + sperm
Female gametophyte in ovule  egg + 2 polar nuclei
More familiar - apple tree, peach tree, zucchini, berries, etc. Contain flowers that produce male and female spores

30. Plant type Gametophyte Sporophyte Dominant Phase? Flowers (Angiosperm)
Moss
Stalk with cup at tip, which is where spores are produced.
More familiar, carpet-like plant that produces specialized gametes XX - Archegonium
XY - Antheridium
GAMETOPHYTE
Fern
More familiar, leafy plant with clusters of spore producing sacs (sori)
Haploid plant body is size of a finger nail, produces both male and female parts
SPOROPHYTE
Conifer
(Gymnosperm)
More familiar - like pine trees, produces male and female cones that produce spores
Male gametophytes are pollen grains sperm
Female gametophytes are microscopic eggs
Flowers
(Angiosperm)
Pollen grains are male gametophytes  2 haploid cells = pollen tube + sperm
Female gametophyte in ovule  egg + 2 polar nuclei
More familiar - apple tree, peach tree, zucchini, berries, etc. Contain flowers that produce male and female spores