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Fig. 32-1
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Cross section of blastula
Fig Blastocoel Endoderm Cleavage Cleavage Blastula Ectoderm Archenteron Zygote Eight-cell stage Gastrulation Gastrula Blastocoel Blastopore Cross section of blastula
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Individual choanoflagellate Choanoflagellates OTHER EUKARYOTES Sponges
Fig. 32-3 Individual choanoflagellate Choanoflagellates OTHER EUKARYOTES Sponges Animals Collar cell (choanocyte) Other animals
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(b) Bilateral symmetry
Fig. 32-7 (a) Radial symmetry (b) Bilateral symmetry
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Fig. 32-8 Coelom Body covering (from ectoderm) Tissue layer lining coelom and suspending internal organs (from mesoderm) Digestive tract (from endoderm) (a) Coelomate Body covering (from ectoderm) Pseudocoelom Muscle layer (from mesoderm) Digestive tract (from endoderm) (b) Pseudocoelomate Body covering (from ectoderm) Tissue- filled region (from mesoderm) Wall of digestive cavity (from endoderm) (c) Acoelomate
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Protostome development Deuterostome development (examples: echinoderm,
Fig. 32-9 Protostome development (examples: molluscs, annelids) Deuterostome development (examples: echinoderm, chordates) (a) Cleavage Eight-cell stage Eight-cell stage Spiral and determinate Radial and indeterminate Key (b) Coelom formation Coelom Ectoderm Mesoderm Archenteron Endoderm Coelom Mesoderm Blastopore Blastopore Mesoderm Solid masses of mesoderm split and form coelom. Folds of archenteron form coelom. (c) Fate of the blastopore Anus Mouth Digestive tube Mouth Anus Mouth develops from blastopore. Anus develops from blastopore.
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“Porifera” Cnidaria Metazoa ANCESTRAL COLONIAL FLAGELLATE Ctenophora
Fig “Porifera” Cnidaria ANCESTRAL COLONIAL FLAGELLATE Metazoa Ctenophora Eumetazoa Ectoprocta Brachiopoda Deuterostomia Echinodermata Chordata Bilateria Platyhelminthes Rotifera Protostomia Mollusca Annelida Arthropoda Nematoda
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Silicea “Porifera” Metazoa Calcarea ANCESTRAL COLONIAL FLAGELLATE
Fig Silicea “Porifera” Calcarea ANCESTRAL COLONIAL FLAGELLATE Metazoa Ctenophora Cnidaria Eumetazoa Acoela Echinodermata Deuterostomia Chordata Bilateria Platyhelminthes Rotifera Ectoprocta Lophotrochozoa Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida Nematoda Ecdysozoa Arthropoda
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Common ancestor of all animals Sponges (basal animals) Ctenophora
Fig. 32-UN1 Common ancestor of all animals Sponges (basal animals) Metazoa Ctenophora Eumetazoa Cnidaria True tissues Acoela (basal bilaterians) Deuterostomia Bilateria (most animals) Bilateral summetry Lophotrochozoa Three germ layers Ecdysozoa
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