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Cascading Style Sheets
WELCOME to the CSS session
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Cascading Style Sheets
Who Am I? Affan Javed Co-op Fall 2004 Web Quality Assurance Assistance WebOps – Library University of Waterloo CSS: Syntax Rules Implementation Properties Tips
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Cascading Style Sheets
Applying CSS: There are three different ways to apply css to a web page. Inline Styles: Styles that are used as attributes within a tag. e.g. <p style="font-size: 90%;"> Internal (Embedded) Styles: Styles that are written within the <head> tag of a web page. External Styles: Styles that are contained in a file external to the web page, specified by a path.
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Cascading Style Sheets
Syntax: selector { property: value;} selector: Default selectors: h1, p, a, img, … Defined selectors: content, footer, …
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Cascading Style Sheets
Defined selectors: 2 types of defined selectors. class class is used to identify more than one element. A class selector is a name preceded by a full stop(.) e.g. .indent id id is used to identify only one element. An id selector is a name preceded by a hash character(#) e.g. #main
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Cascading Style Sheets
Nesting: Nesting is a method in which you can specify properties to selectors within other selectors. e.g. the simple html document is itself an example of nesting because <head> & <body> tags are nested within <html> tag. If I want font size to be smaller in paragraphs only in the main area I would write it as: #main p {font-size: 90%;}
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Cascading Style Sheets
Grouping: Grouping is a process in which the same properties are applied to a number of selectors separated by commas. e.g. p { padding: 2px;} h1 { padding: 2px;} .top { padding: 2px;} can be written as p, h1, .top { padding: 2px;}
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Cascading Style Sheets
Comments: /* [comment #1] */ p { color: red; /* [comment #2] */ font: Arial 90%; } Source Formatting: Macromedia Dreamweaver
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Defined Regions: 2 commonly used defined regions: div A block element. [starts on a new line with top & bottom spacing] span An inline element. [starts in same line with no spacing]
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Shorthand for color: CSS provides 16,777,216 (256^3) colours. Only 16 colours are pre-defined: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow. Different ways: red = rgb(255,0,0) = rgb(100%,0%,0%) = #FF0000 = #F00 The shorthand is to write 6-digit colour in 3- digit version. e.g. #FF6655 = #F65
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Anchor pseudo-class: Unvisited link: a:link {color: #FF0000} Visited link: a:visited {color: #00FF00} Mouse over link: a:hover {color: #FF00FF} Selected link: a:active {color: #0000FF}
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Cascading Style Sheets
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Cascading Style Sheets
margin & padding: Note: margins, paddings & borders are not included in the width and height of a region. e.g. a region 200 x 200 px is declared with a padding of 2px on each side. Thus, the total region would be 204 x 204 px. Different ways of declaring margin and padding: (top right bottom left) padding: 10px; means the padding will be 10px on all four sides padding: 10px 2px; means top and bottom padding will be 10px & left and right padding will be 2px
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Cascading Style Sheets
margin & padding: padding: 10px 2px 15px; means top padding will be 10px, left and right padding will be 2px & bottom padding will be 15px padding: 10px 2px 15px 20px; means top padding will be 10px, right padding will be 2px, bottom padding will be 15px & left padding will be 20px
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Cascading Style Sheets
border: Shorthand Property: border-width border-style border-color;
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Cascading Style Sheets
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Cascading Style Sheets
Questions?
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THANKS for attending the session
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