1. Scientific progress and new insights from current observations
OceanSITES 2016: 11th Steering Committee and 8th Data Management Team Meeting, April 2016, National Oceanography Centre , Southampton, United Kingdom
ESTOC
Scientific progress and new insights from current observations
A. Cianca; PLOCAN

2. exhibits open ocean, oligotrophic gyre characteristics
located 100 km north of Canary Islands in the Canary Current, the weak eastern boundary current of the subtropical North Atlantic gyre.
3600m water depth
exhibits open ocean, oligotrophic gyre characteristics
No directly influenced by the coastal upwelling
Influenced by mineral deposition of atmospheric dust from the nearby Sahara
- Almost same BATS latitude
Comentar las características

3. 1994
Three stages:
- Starting in Four instutions, two germans and two spanish.
MAIN OBJECTIVES:
• to create an Eulerian long time series on an inter- and multidisciplinary basis
• to investigate the long-term changes of stratification and circulation on seasonal and inter-annual time scales in the southwestern approaches to Europe
• to investigate the biogeochemical cycles in this region
• Provide a focus for ocean studies by European and other research groups in the Canary Islands region

4. EUROPEAN PROJECTS FUNDING MULTIDISCIPLINARY MOORINGS
ANIMATE
Atlantic network of interdisciplinary moorings and time-series for Europe
2001 to 2004
2004 to 2006
A CHANGE IN THE OBSERVATIONAL STRATEGY FOCUS ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY MOORINGS
2008 to 2011

5. Integrated Observatory
PLOCAN IN CHARGE OF ESTOC OBSERVATORY. THREE OBSERVATIONAL STRATEGIES: MOORING, SEASONAL SAMPLING PROGRAM AND DRIFTER LAUNCHING, DRIVER MISSIONS CROSSING ESTOC
Integrated Observatory
Setting up an integrated and complex observatory aiming to become part of the emerging pan-European networks
Offering an extension towards the northern/ southern boundaries of interest
Three components: Deep, Coastal and Extended

6. INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED Surface buoy and mooring
PLATFORM OBSERVATION
PROGRAM
PARAMETERS
INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED
TIME RANGE
Ship- based
ESTOC time-series
T, S, DO, Chl. a, DIN, DIP, DIS, Alcalinity, pH, total CO2, PCO2, DIC and Pigments
ICCM, ULPGC, IEO and PLOCAN
1994- present (Carbon parameters from 1996 and pigments from 2008)
Oceanographic cruises and process studies (CANIGO,….)
T, S, DO, Chl. a, DIN, DIP, DIS, Alcalinity, pH, total CO2, PCO2, DIC, Pigments and others
Diverse
Variable from 1994
Surface buoy and mooring
Canary Islands Sediment traps
PON, POC and sinking particle flux
Bremen University
and
Hydrography (current and transport)
T, S and currents
IFM Kiel
Meteorology, Hydrography and biogeochemistry (ANIMATE, MERSEA, EuroSITES and FixO3)
Tair, Patm., rel. Humidity, Wind sp. and Wind D, Tsw, S, DO, Chl. a, Nitrate, pH, PCO2
ICCM, IFMK, UB, NOCS, ULPGC and PLOCAN
2002 -present
Drifters
Canary Islands surface circulation
T and current
ICCM, PLOCAN and NOAA
1997- present
XBT launching
ESTOC section T
ICCM / PLOCAN
1996- present
ARGO float
Canary Islands region
CTD
IEO
2012- present
Glider
CTD, DO, Chl. a, turbidity and current
PLOCAN
TABLE OF RESULTS AND SOME EXAMPLES OF TIME-SERIES

7. SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
AT THE BEGINNING SEASONAL CYCLES WERE DESCRIBED IN DIFFERENT PAPERS. SINCE ESTOC WAS 10 YEARS OLD, NEW INSIGHTS APPEARED TO DESCRIBE INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY
CARBON EXPORT MEASUREMENTS: PRODUCTION RATES
NUTRIENT INPUT FROM THE PRINCIPAL PHYSICAL PROCESSES (10 YEARS)
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF THE CHLOROPHYLL AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE MAIN LOW-FREQUENCY MODES (10 YEARS)

8. SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
LAST PUBLICATION WHERE ESTOC PATICIPATES WITH OTHER OBSERVATORIES TO DESCRIBE THE EVOLUTION OF THE MAIN VARIABLES OF THE CARBON SYSTEM IN THE OCEAN

9. SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
Trends from Time Series Stations
-0.71 mmol kg-1 yr-1
-0.28 mmol kg-1 yr-1
-0.37 mmol kg-1 yr-1
No change
O2 Anomaly (mmol kg-1)
Regional Trends (from WOD)
-0.58 mmol kg-1 yr-1
-0.68 mmol kg-1 yr-1
OXYGEN DYNAMICS THROUGH THE TIME SERIES AND PRODUCTION AND REMINERALIZATION ESTIMATES BASED ON oxygen variability.
RECENT PUBLICATION WHICH EXAMINE DE OXYGEN VARIABILITY AT THE NORTH ATLANTIC SUBTROPICAL UNDERWATER.
CARIACO, BATS and Hydrostation “S” capture basin-scales trends in STUW O2. ESTOC does not.
~10-15% of the O2 loss since the early 80’s could be attributed to warming at the site of formation of STUW
Since 1980, STUW O2 is declining at ~ 0.75 mmol kg-1 yr-1 due to lower ventilation and transport driven by shifts in North Atlantic climate

10. NEW INSIGHTS
Seasonal pH variability in ESTOC using the sensor-lab pH sensor
ACHIEVED A COMPLETE ANNUAL CYCLE USING A NEW SENSOR. COMPARISON WITH A SIMILAR PH ANNUAL CYCLE ACHIEVED AT THE E1-M3A (ANOTHER FIXO3 OBSERVATORY) OBTAINING SIMILAR PROPORTIONALITY SST AND PH RANGES AT ESTOC THAN THAT FROM THE GREECE OBSERVATORY. IN ADDITION THE DATA FROM THE SENSOR ARE EASILY HARMONIZED WITH THE HISTORICAL DATA AT ESTOC.
Similar proportionality
ESTOC
E1-M3A
0,09
pH range
0,18 7
SST range (ºc) 14
González-Dávila, 2016

11. Prepared by Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NOAA, April 8, 2016
NEW INSIGHTS
MAXIMA in SST anomaly
21 January 1998 was 1.23ºC
24 January 2016 was 1.24ºC
THE MAXIMA IN SST ANOMALY DETECTED IN WINTER 2016 COINCIDE WITH SIMILAR VALUES FOUND DURING WINTER BOTH CORRESPONDS WITH THE LAST TWO STRONGEST EL NIÑO EVENTS. A RECENT NOAA PRESENTATION SUPPORTS THIS VARIABILITY DUE TO POSITIVE PHASE OF NAO
Prepared by Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NOAA, April 8, 2016

12. SEE YOU AT ESTOC