1. SIMPLE MACHINES
Objectives: Students will be able to demonstrate how simple machines operate; Measure forces applied to simple machines; Practice creative problem-solving; Experiment with K’Nex to distinguish between simple machines in order to create real-life examples that are used every day in society.

2. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 10 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

3. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 9 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

4. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 8 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

5. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 7 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

6. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 6 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

7. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 5 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

8. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 4 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

9. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 3 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

10. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 2 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

11. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 1 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

12. Write a one-paragraph response to the following prompt:
Humans have evolved and created machines. These machines have made the tasks of everyday life easier. Explain how machines have made human-life easier and expanded human capabilities. 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

13. TIME!

14. SIMPLE MACHINES

15. What are simple machines?
Simple machines are tools that make work easier. They have few or no moving parts. These machines use energy to work.
There are six types of simple machines.

16. THE 6 TYPES OF SIMPLE MACHINES
Levers
Inclined Planes & Wedges
Wheels & Axles
Screws
Pulleys
Gears

17. LEVER
A hammer is a lever when it is used to pull a nail out of a piece of wood.
Bottle openers
Crow bars

18. Lever
A lever is a simple machine. A lever is a board or bar that rests on a turning point. This turning point is called the fulcrum. An object that a lever moves is called the load. The closer the object is to the fulcrum, the easier it is to move.

19. Ramp Slanted Road Path up a Hill Slide Knives Axes Forks Nails
INCLINED PLANE & Wedge
Ramp
Slanted Road
Path up a Hill
Slide
Knives
Axes
Forks
Nails

20. Inclined Plane
An inclined plane is a simple machine. It is a flat surface that is higher on one end. You can use this machine to move an object to a lower or higher place.
Inclined planes make the work of moving things easier.
A wedge is a simple machine used to push two objects apart.
A wedge is made up of two inclined planes. These planes meet and form a sharp edge. This edge can split things apart.

21. Gears in Watches, Clocks, and Bicycles
Wheel and Axle
Cars
Roller Skates
Wagons
Door Knobs
Gears in Watches, Clocks, and Bicycles

22. Wheel and Axle
The wheel and axle is another simple machine. The axle is a rod that goes through the wheel. This lets the wheel turn.
It is easy to move things from place to place with wheels and axles.

23. Jar Lids Light Bulbs Stools Clamps Wrenches Key Rings
Screw
Jar Lids
Light Bulbs
Stools
Clamps
Wrenches
Key Rings

24. Screw
A screw is a simple machine that is made from another simple machine. It is actually an inclined plane that winds around itself.
A screw has ridges and is not smooth like a nail. Some screws are used to lower and raise things. They are also used to hold objects together.

25. Flag Poles Clothes Lines Sailboat Blinds Crane
PULLEY
Flag Poles
Clothes Lines
Sailboat
Blinds
Crane

26. Pulley
The pulley is made up of a wheel and a rope. The rope fits on the groove of the wheel. One part of the rope is attached to the load. When you pull on one side of the pulley, the wheel turns and the load will move.
Pulleys let you move loads up, down, or sideways. It also makes the work of moving heavy loads a lot easier.

27. GEARS Jacks Trolley Compressors Cars Elevators Escalators Tractor
Ramps
Wheel Spanners

28. Gears Gears are wheels with grooves that are used to:
Multiply or reduce speed and force;
Change the direction of motion;
Transmit a force over a distance.
In a gear train we have a gear known as the driver and one known as the follower.
Driver - is the gear that has the force or motion input.
Follower - is the gear that results in the force or motion output.

29. Advantages of Simple Machines

30. Advantages of Simple Machines
Simple machines helps us gain a mechanical advantage. There are three concepts to mechanical advantage: work, load, and force.

31. Advantage of Simple Machines: Work
Work occurs when acting on a body there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force.
For example, when a ball is held above the ground and then dropped, the work done on the ball as it falls is equal to the weight of the ball (a force) multiplied by the distance to the ground (a displacement).

32. Advantages of Simple Machines: Load
A load is the amount of work assigned to or to be done by a person, team, department, machine, or mechanical system.

33. Advantages of Simple Machines: Force
A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.

34. SIMPLE MACHINE PROJECT ASSIGNMENTS

35. SIMPLE MACHINES PROJECT ASSIGNMENTS
Points
Construct/Build six (5) different functioning Simple Machines
Complete six (5) sets of procedure questions
Complete Warm Up Assignments (3)
Write an one-paragraph response to a prompt
Complete the Vocabulary Search (Homework)
TOTAL

36. SIMPLE MACHINE PROJECTS

37. Simple Machine Project Directions:
Choose a simple machine to build (online).
Build a simple machine (a different type each day – contraptions, creatures, etc.);
Answer the questions (3) about the machine;
Replace all parts in their rightful place.
(Clean your area before leaving – Desk/Floor/Table)

38. Simple Machine Questions (for each type of machine)
What type of simple machine did you build?
How does that simple machine help you?
Describe how life would be without this simple machine.

39. LET’S START BUILDING!!!!!

40. Vocabulary Search: Homework #1
Using the internet and handouts, define the following terms:
Effort
Effort Arm (EA)
Resistance
Resistance Arm (RA)
Mechanical Advantage (MA)
Force
Friction
Slope
Hypotenuse
Fulcrum
Work
Load

41. Simple Machines Assessment

42. Simple Machines Assessment
What is work?____________________________
What is force?___________________________
What is a load?___________________________
What is a machine?________________________
Draw a picture to show a machine, the load, the force, and the work. Label your picture.

43. Simple Machines: Making Work Easy
How can you make work easy?
Write about four machines that make work easier. Tell what they do.
Draw or find a picture of each machine.
Machines that:
Cut
____________________________
Lift
Dig
Move Objects

44. Simple Machines: Inclined Planes
An inclined plane looks like a ________________________.
It has a __________________________________.
Draw a picture of an inclined plane. Explain how it makes work easier.
_______________________
Inclined planes are found everywhere. Fill in the chart with 2 examples of inclined planes each.
Work
Fun
Home

45. Simple Machines: Wedges
A wedge can be used to __________________________________.
Complete the chart with examples of wedges that:
Draw a picture of a wedge at work. Explain what it is doing.
Cut
Tighten
Split
Hold

46. Simple Machines: Wheels and Axles
A wheel is_______________________.
Wheels need _______________________.
An axle is ___________________________.
Draw something that has a wheel and axle. Label the wheel (w) and the axle (a)
Draw and label ways wheels are used:

47. Simple Machines: Extra Credit
Draw and label ways wheels are used:
Sports
School
Transportation
Home

48. WARM UP QUESTIONS What is an inclined plane?
How does an inclined plane help you?
List five examples of inclined planes that are used in society.
What is a lever?
What are three classes of levers?
How does a lever help you?
How much does a lever help you?
What is a pulley?
How does a pulley help you?
List two types of pulleys that are used in society.

49. Using the internet and handouts, define the following terms:
VOCABULARY SEARCH
Using the internet and handouts, define the following terms:
Effort
Effort Arm (EA)
Resistance
Resistance Arm (RA)
Work
Force
Load
Mechanical Advantage (MA)
Friction
Slope
Hypotenuse
Fulcrum

50. PROCEDURES # 1 - QUESTIONS
Read the handouts focusing on the following questions:
What is a screw?
How does a screw work?
How does a screw help you?
What is a rod?
What is a thread?
What is a wedge?
How does a wedge work?
How does a wedge help you?

51. PROCEDURES # 2 - QUESTIONS
Read the handouts focusing on the following questions:
What is a first class lever?
Which way does a first class lever move?
How does a first class lever help you?
What is a second class lever?
Which way does a second class lever move?
How does a second class lever help you?
What is a third class lever?
Which way does a third class lever move?
How does a first third lever help you?

52. PROCEDURES # 3 - QUESTIONS
Read the handouts focusing on the following questions:
What is a movable pulley?
How does a movable pulley help you?
What are three traits of a movable pulley?
What is a fixed pulley?
How does a fixed pulley help you?
What are three traits of a fixed pulley?

53. DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING FOR EACH TYPE OF SIMPLE MACHINE LISTED BELOW: What Is It? How Does It Help You? How Does It Work?
Rollercoaster Ramp
Moving truck
Splitting wedge
Chisel
Axe
Hand drill
Archimedes Screw
Balances
See-Saws
Catapults
Handcarts
Rowboats
Scissors
Doors
Wheelbarrows
Fishing rods
Elevator
Block and Tackle
Clothesline
Flagpole
Crane
Hammers
Tweezers

54. EXTENDED CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE
Students must construct an extended constructed response to the following topic:
In today’s society, the inclined plane has extended human capabilities in ways that separate us from animals. Humans are able to use machines to make life easier. Explain how humans would fair without inclined planes and how the development of these machines has increased human capabilities.
(1-2 Pages)

55. GROUP PROCEDURES
Students will construct real examples of Simple Machines using the K’Nex Simple Machines Set:
Balances
Elevator
Block and Tackle
Flagpole
Fixed Pulley
Inclined Plane

56. Group Activity Turn in your classwork from 4/11/16 (Monday);
Pick up a laptop;
Open the internet;
Log on to:

57. K’Nex Website

58. Bonus Builds Contraptions Creatures Everyday Stuff Flat Out Fun
Vehicles

59. Choose one of the categories, except coasters.
You must complete one ‘Bonus Builds’ from each category.

60. Download the files of the K’Nex Bonus Build that you chose to build.

72. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 10 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

73. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 9 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

74. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 8 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

75. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 7 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

76. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 6 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

77. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 5 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

78. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 4 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

79. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 3 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

80. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 2 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

81. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 1 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

82. Warm Up #2
What are simple machines?
How do simple machine make our lives easier? 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

83. TIME!

84. LET’S START BUILDING!!!!!

85. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 10 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

86. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 9 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

87. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 8 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

88. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 7 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

89. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 6 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

90. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 5 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

91. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 4 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

92. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 3 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

93. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 2 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

94. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 1 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

95. Warm Up #3
List the six types of simple machines?
How does work and force relate to one another? 19 20 18 15 21 16 17 23 26 27 25 24 14 22 12 04 05 03 02 00 01 06 07 11 28 10 09 08 13 29 50 51 49 48 46 47 52 53 58 59 57 56 54 55 45 44 35 36 34 33 31 32 37 38 42 43 41 40 39 30

96. TIME!

97. LET’S START BUILDING!!!!!